Post on 04-Apr-2018
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CAPTURING CORNERS
NEIGHBORHOODREVITALIZATION THROUGH
ECOLOGICAL DEMOCRACYAndrew Clarke
Brett Shoffner
University of Missouri-Kansas City
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WHAT IS CAPTURING CORNERS?
Corners are gateways to neighborhoods First thing people see when entering; last thing seen when leaving.
Anchor for:Community ConnectednessPerceptual InclusivenessGreen InfrastructureSense of PlaceEconomic Vitality
The Greatest
Urban Spaces are
Street Corners.
William H. Whyte
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ECOLOGICAL DEMOCRACY
Ecological Democracy (Hester, 2006) Government by people emphasizing direct, hands-on involvement. Actions guided by understanding natural processes and social
relationships within locality and larger environmental context.
Causes us to creatively reassess individual needs, happiness, andlong-term community good
Changes the form cities take which creates a new urban ecology
Urban design builds ecological democracyor destroys it
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ECOLOGICAL DEMOCRACY
Residents form must be Enabled
Get to know neighbors Get to know land Get to know self
Resilient Diverse Adaptable Interconnectedness of urban ecosystems
Impelled Make a city to touch peoples hearts
Tenants of Ecological Democracy
Centeredness
Connectedness
SacrednessParticularness
Selective Diversity
Limited Extent
Adaptability
NaturalnessReciprocal Stewardship
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HOW CAPTURING CORNERS WORKS
Neighborhood Revitalization throughCommunity Sustainability
Five Es (Randolph, 2004) Equity Socially just Economy Resourcefully profitable Environment Ecologically responsible Engagement Committedly accessible Eternity- Adaptably sacred
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HOW CAPTURING CORNERS WORKS
People are attracted by other people! (Whyte, 1988)
Corners are natural crossroads Bulk of conversations occur within pedestrian flow (Gehl,1987)
Good places need pedestrian connections
Corners must be designed to capture people.
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HOW CAPTURING CORNERS WORKS
Integrating Sustainability into Urban DesignCommunity Connectedness
Equity Socially justPerceptual Inclusiveness
Engagement Committedly accessibleGreen Infrastructure
Environment Ecologically responsibleEconomic Vitality
Economy Resourcefully profitableSense of Place
Eternity- Adaptably sacred
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CAPTURING CORNERS
SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY
Community ConnectednessSense of Place
Social Equity People are treated fairly regardless of cultural background
Environmental Justice People are not unjustly subject to health hazards
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CAPTURING CORNERS
SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY
Symbolic Ownership Perceptual InclusionIdentity, Structure, & Meaning (Lynch, 1960)Symbolically meaningful and keenly felt relationships
with our environment resonate through all cultures(Tuan, 1974)
People are equally concerned with the social, landuse, and physical design aspects of streets (Mehta,2007)
Identity vs. Image (Montgomery, 1998)
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CAPTURING CORNERS
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
Green Infrastructure Ecologically ResponsibleVegetative SwalesRain GardensRain BarrelsTreesGreen RoofsPervious PavementsOpen Green SpacesUrban Agriculture
GI is two components-Hubs
-Linkages (Benedict and McMahon, 2006)
Capturing Corners can act as both.
The City must be
recognized as part of nature and
designed accordingly. Anne Whiston Spirn
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CAPTURING CORNERS
ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY
Economic VitalityProperty Tax Value IncreasesHousing and Commercial
City/State Tax revenueCultural ContextEasy/Low Cost to maintain native Green
Infrastructure
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CAPTURING CORNERS
COMMUNITY SUSTAINABILITY
Sense of PlaceFace to face relationships have a geographical basis and
are foundation for neighborhood definition (Cooley,1909) (Park, 1952)
Residents form must be enabled, resilient, and impelled.
PEOPLE DEFINE PLACE!
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CAPTURING CORNERS DESIGN
Corners must be designed for everyoneIntentionality (Husserl, 1913) (Pepper, Perkins, & Youngs 1984)
(Relph, 1976)
Provide Identity (Von Meiss, 1990) Responsive to users needs/values, community participation in
design process, adaptable environments
Accessible Walkable, Bike Friendly, Mass Transit Corridors
Natural beauty using landscape aestheticsGateways for Neighborhoods Reflection on City as whole
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CAPTURING CORNERS - INTEGRATION
Social, Environmental, & Economic Sustainability
Ecologically Democratic
Accessible, Adaptable, & Aesthetic
Equitable, Engaged, & Enabled
People are attracted to place, in turn attractingother people, creating sustainable communities.
Professional Cooperation
Urban Administrators
Urban Planners
Architects
Civil Engineers
Community Organizers
Landscape Architects
Social Psychologists
Educators
Elected Officials
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REFERENCES Benedict, Mark A., and Edward McMahon. 2006. Green Infrastructure: Linking Landscapes and Communities. Washington, DC: Island. Cooley, CH. 1909. Social Organization: A Study of the Larger Mind. New York: Charles Scribners Sons. Gehl, Jan. 1987. Life between Buildings: Using Public Space. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. Hester, Randolph T. 2006. Design for Ecological Democracy. Cambridge, MA: MIT. Husserl, Edmund.1913. Ideen Zu Einer Reinen Phnomenologie Und Phnomenologischen Philosophie: Erstes Buch, Allgemeine Einfhrung
in Die Reine Phnomenologie. trans. Kersten, F., 1982. The Hague: Nijhoff.
Lynch, Kevin. 1960. The Image of the City. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Mehta, Vikas. 2007. Lively Streets: Determining Environmental Characteristics to Support Social Behavior.Journal of Planning
Education and Research, 27 (2), 165-187.
Montgomery, J. 1998. Making a City: Urbanity, Vitality and Urban Design.Journal ofUrban Design 3 (1), pp 93-116. Park, RE. 1952. Human Communities: The City and Human Ecology. Glencoe, IL: The Free Press. Pepper, David, John Perkins, and Martyn J. Youngs. 1984. The Roots of Modern Environmentalism. London: Croom Helm. Randolph, John. 2004. Environmental Land Use Planning and Management. Washington: Island. Relph, E. C. 1976. Place and Placelessness. London: Pion. Spirn, Anne Whiston. 1984. The Granite Garden: Urban Nature and Human Design. New York: Basic. Tuan, Yi-fu. 1974. Topophilia: A Study of Environmental Perception, Attitudes, and Values . Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Von Meiss, Pierre. 1990. Elements of Architecture: From Form to Place. London: Van Nostrand Reinhold. Whyte, William H. 1988. City: Rediscovering the Center. New York: Anchor.