Capacity Needs Assessment in East Africa

Benard Muok, PhD

• The East African Community (EAC) is the regional intergovernmental organization of the Republics of Kenya, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Republic of Rwanda and Republic of Burundi with its headquarters in Arusha, Tanzania.

World energy consumptionEnergy consumption - Per capita Tonnes oil equivalent (toe)

Kenya• 1,200 MW (1,200,000 kilowatts) is the

energy that Kenya consumes represents the sum total electricity use of the 40 million inhabitants of Kenya.

• multiply it by 365 days in a year times 24 hours in a day is 10,512 million kWh energy Kenya uses yearly.

• This figure, 10,512 million kWh, divided by the 40 million inhabitants of Kenya, equals the amount of energy used by one Kenyan on average each year.

• That number, 262.8 kWh, is as clear a sign as any of the near-abject energy poverty so much of the world still lives in.

• consuming 262.8 kWh over the course of a year would allow you to use 720 watt hours a day.

• This is enough to run a typical 100 watt light bulb for little more than 7 hours every day--and nothing else.

• Biomass accounted for 68% of total energy supply

• Over 80% of rural households rely on firewood for cooking.

• Biomass demand growth: about 1.5% p.a. during 1994-2004

• Forest cover less than 3% of total land area.

Mother and child in a smoky cooking shelter

CEMA Activities

• Consultation with key energy experts, stakeholders and key informants in African government energy ministries and regional organizations, within the assigned sub-region regarding the need for skills and capacity building, and analytical studies, specifically related to enhancing the AEEP dialogue process.

• East Africa Regional Contact Point

Methodology

• Pre-designed questionnaire• Market Mapping Approach• Contacts identified• Distributing questionnaires• Receiving response• Analysis and reporting

Market Maps

Enabling Environment

Market Chain Actors and Linkages

Supporting Services

Un-developed trade standards

Corruption -Transport, wholesale,

retail points

Underdeveloped tax, permits & cess

systems

Rules and regulations lacking

Contract enforcement rules lacking

High demand for charcoal by consumers

Large and under utilized land

Lack of quality control mechanism

Urban and rural households

KFS, MOA, MOE, MLD (Extension)

Donor CARPA (Finance)

KFS, CARPA, (Tech & market info)

RAID (Producer coordination)

KEFRI (Seeds) Standards, Research

NEMA (EIA)

Restricted export market

Hotels and schools

Charcoal Depots in

Kisumu and Bondo

Farmers Processing

(CBOs)

Local markets

Transporters

Retailers

Seedlings producers

• Contacts made:• Kenya• Uganda• Ethiopia• Sudan• EAC• IGAD

• Stilling in process:• Somalia• Djibouti• Madagascar• Eritrea

Questionnaire Distribution• About 40 organizations identified and

questionnaires distributed in Kenya, 15 in Uganda, 10 in Ethiopia and 6 in Sudan.

• Primary fuel producers • Distributors• Cooperatives • trade policies • taxation policies• standards and codes practice • environmental policies• research and development

• Training institutions • resource planning and use • regulatory and legislation • transport• shipping and clearing agencies • extension services in the line ministries• financial institutions• manufacturers• NGOs • CBOs and • development agencies

• Response rate (%)

Preliminary Findings• Developing capacity of policy makers in the

region to develop and implement energy policies especially taking to account the emerging new energy sources such as renewable energy.

• Research and Training institutions in the region are still not well equipped in terms of facilities and curriculum to produce energy experts that can address the emerging energy sources

• Poor negotiation skills• Entrepreneurship capacity to invest in energy

investment• Low capacity to attract large funding for energy

projects• Established channels of collaboration provided

by EAC, IGAD, cross boundary projects• ACTS chairs National Biofuel Policy in Kenya and

Collaborate with UDSM in Tz• Policy development – biofuel• Insecurity caused by instability in Somalia is a

problem

Thank you for listening

b.muok@acts.or.kehttp://www.acts.or.ke/