Post on 30-Dec-2015
description
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LAB MANUAL
Publisher: MSPVL Polytechnic College,
Pavoorchatram.
M.S.P.V.L.POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, PAVOORCHATRAM
(An Institution Accredited By NBA – AICTE, New Delhi For Mech, EEE, ECE & IT)
DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL EngineeringCIVIL EngineeringCIVIL EngineeringCIVIL Engineering
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CONTENTS
SL.NO TITILE PAGE NO.
1 Infiltration gallery (with one infiltration well, one straight Gallery pipe, one inspection well and one jack well
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2 Rapid sand filter 8
3 Septic tank with dispersion trench 10
3b Septic tank with soak pit 12
4 Biogas plant (Floating type) 16
5 R.C.C. square overhead tank supported by four columns 18
6 R.C.C. slab culvert with splayed wing wall 20
7 Two span pipe culvert 24
8 Two span tee beam bridge with square returns 25
9 Simply supported one way slab 30
10 Simply supported two way slab 32
11 Restrained two way slab 34
12 Singly reinforced beam (partially fixed) 38
13 Doubly reinforced beam (partially fixed) 40
14 Tee beams supporting continuous slab 42
15 Dog legged staircase 46
16 Lintel and sunshade 48
17 R.C.C. column with footings (square) 52
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1. INFILTRATION GALLERY
( With one infiltration well, one straight gallery pipe
one inspection well and one jack well)
Aim:
To draw the infiltration gallery using AutoCAD
software.
INFILTRATION GALLERY:
An infiltration gallery is essentially a porous
barrel placed with a pervious layer. water is collected
in the gallery and led to a well called jack well placed
at the river bank which acts as a sump . the water
from the well is pumped out .
The Infiltration gallery consists of a single or
double row of loosely jointed perforated pipes .
normally stone ware or concrete pipes are used. all
around the galley a medium of graded sizes of
aggregate is provided. the aggregate acts as a filter
and prevents the sand from entering the gallery.
the gallery is laid below the lowest ground
water level in the aquifer. the gallery should also be
located below the scour level of the river . the layers
above the gallery should not be disturbed even during
floods. because it acts as an initial filter. Manholes
are provided for inspection at required intervals.
INFILTRATION WELLS:
an infiltration well is a well sunk in a river or
stream bed. they are taken deeper than infiltration
galleries .
if masonry Walls are constructed then open
joints are provided . The top of the well is taken well
above the river bed and provided with an RCC slab.
The number of wells to be provided in the riverbed
depends on the demand of water . Water from the
infiltration wells is pumped to a common sump called
jack well.
Problem:
The particulars of an infiltration gallery are River bed level - +50.00m Inner Diameter of infiltration well - 3.80m Outer diameter of infiltration well - 4.70m River bank level - +53.70m Maximum flood level (MFL) - +52.90M Lowest summer water level (LSWL ) - +48.60M Invert level of stoneware pipe - +44.00m Diameter of stone ware pipe - 400m Length of one gallery - 60.0m
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Width of gallery - 2.20m Layer of filter media adjacent to the pipe - 150m
Next two layers are of 100 mm each
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(size of particle of filter media in each layer is
increased from outer to the inner layer)
Inner diameter of jack well cum pump house -
6m
Outer diameter of jack well cum pump house -
6.90m
Inter diameter of inspection well - 2m
Outer diameter of inspection well - 2.60m
Any more data required may be assumed
suitably . Draw the following views to a suitable scale.
1. general layout of the scheme showing infiltration
wells, infiltration galleries, inspection wells,
jackwell and pump house (not to scale )
2. Longitudinal section of infiltration well, one
straignt gallery, one inspection well and one
jackwell.
3. Sectional plan of infiltration well, gallery,
inspection well and jackwell.
4. Cross sectional details of infiltration gallery.
Assumptions:
1. inspection wells or manhole wells. are duge at
intervals of 50 to 60m.
2. Diameter of gallery pipe : 300mm to 450mm
3. Diameter of inspection wells : 1m to 2m
4. Diameter of infiltration wells : 2m to 6m
5. Depth of infiltration portion of infiltration well :5m
below L.S.W.L.
6. Minimum width of gallery :2m
7. Minimum depth of gallery : 2m below the lowest
summer water level.
8. Rate of infiltration for wells and galleries : 4500 to
6000 lit/m2/day.
Procedure:
1. switch on the computer
2. Load Auto CAD 2008
3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
4. Setting limits
5. Zoom – All
6. Using circle command draw Infiltration well
inspection well Jack well with pump house
7. for wall thickness use offset command
8. For filter media fill with hatch command
Result:
Thus the infiltration gallery are drawn using Auto
CAD 2008 software.
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2. RAPID SAND FILTER
Aim:
To draw the Rapid sand filter using AutoCAD
software.
Problem:
Following are the particulars of a rapid sand filter.
size of filler unit - 8.5mx5.7m
Sixe of inlet chamber - 1.0m x 5.7m
Wall thickness at top - 370mm
Wall thickness at bottom - 560mm
Thickness of foundation - 450mm
Diameter of main drain or manifold –380mm
Laterals - 80mm dia with
10mm strainer @ 150mm c/c
spacing of laterals - 300mmc/c
Slope of laterals - 1 in 50
Raw water inlet - 300mm �
Wash water drain pipe - 300mm�
Size of wash water trough - 275mmx375mm
Number of wash water trough- 3nos
Free board - 300mm
bottom of wash water trough is 500mm from the
surface of filter media (sand bed)
Any more data required may be assumed suitably.
Draw the following views to a suitable scale.
1. Plan of the filter unit showing drainage system .
2. longitudinal section of the filter unit .
3. cross section of the filter unit .
Procedure:
1. switch on the computer
2. Load Auto CAD 2008
3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
4. Setting limits
5. Zoom – All
6. Using Line command draw Rapid sand filter
7. Laterals are drawn using line and circle
command place the laterals in position using
copy or offset or array command.
Result:
Thus the Rapid sand filter are drawn using Auto
CAD 2008 software.
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3.[a] SEPTIC TANK WITH DISPERSIONTRENCH
Aim:
To draw the Septic tank with dispersion trench
using AutoCAD software.
Problem:
Following are the particulars of a septic tank with
dispersion trench for 150 users in a housing colony
Septic tank
Cleaning interval - 2 years
Length - 10.60m
Breadth - 2.70m
Depth of liquid - 1.15m
Free board - 0.45
Distance of partition wall from inlet end – 7.10
Dispersion trench
Number of trenches - 3
Length of trench - 30m
Width of trench - 1m
Depth below ground level - 900mm
Any more data required may be assumed suitably.
Draw the following views to a suitable scale.
1. sectional plan of septic tank and dispersion trench
2. longitudinal section of septic tank and dispersion
trench
3. cross section of dispersion trench
Procedure:
1. switch on the computer
2. Load Auto CAD 2008
3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
4. Setting limits
5. Zoom – All
6. Using Line command draw Septic tank with
dispersion trench .
7. using hatch command where our necessary
Result:
Thus the Septic tank with dispersion trench are
drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software.
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3.[b] SEPTIC TANK WITH SOAK PIT
Aim:
To draw the Septic tank with soak pit using
AutoCAD software.
Problem
Following are the particulars of a septic tank with
soak pit for 20users
Septic tank
Cleaning interval - 2 years
Liquid depth - 1.8m
Free board - 0.3m
Length of tank - 2.3m
Breadth of tank - 1.10m
Tank walls B.W. is c.m. 1:3200mm thick
Floor of tank in C.C . 1:2:3 200mm thick with a slope
of 1in 20 for collecting sludge
Diameter of inlet - 100mm
Diameter of T – Shaped outlet - 100,m
Precast of R.C.C cover slab 100mm thick
Diameter of ventilating pipe - 50mm
Size of distribution box - 0.75m
x0.75m
Soak Pit :
Inner diameter - 1.5
Depth below invert level of inlet pipe - 2m
Lining (walls) with dry open jointed B.W. 200mm
thick
Any more data required may be assumed suitably
Draw the following views to a suitable scale
1. Sectional plan of septic tank with soak pit empty /
soak pit filled
2. longitudinal section of septic tank with soak pit
empty filled
Procedure:
1. switch on the computer
2. Load Auto CAD 2008
3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
4. Setting limits
5. Zoom – All
6. Using Line & circle command draw Septic tank
with soak pit .
7. using hatch command where our necessary
Result:
Thus the Septic tank with soak pit are drawn using
Auto CAD 2008 software.
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Specifications
As per I.S. 2470 Part I and II
1. Dimensions: Septic tank shall have minimum width of 750 mm and a minimum depth of liquid as 1m below water level and a minimum liquid capacity of 1 cubic meter . The length of the tank shall be 2 to 4 times the width .
2. Sludge Digestion a) for Indian conditions, per capita contribution
of dry solids is assumed at 70gram per day . b) The capacity required for sludge digestion
assumed 0.033m3 per capita at 250 C c) volume of digested sludge assumed at
0.00021m3 per capita per day. 3. Detention period:
It may workout to 24 to 48 hours based on average daily flow.
4. pipe diameter : A minimum nominal diameter of 150 mm is recommended .
5. Septic tank may be constructed of brick work, stone work, concrete or other suitable materials.’
6. The effluent from the septic tank should be disposed off by seepage pit method or dispersion trench method.
Assumptions:
a) It is rectangular in plan, and for the walls in brick masonry the thickness is kept not less than 200mm.
b) For smaller tanks liquid depth of 1m is provided, for larger tanks it may be upto 1.8m. free board of 300 to 450mm is provided above the level of liquid for scum, gases, fixing of pipes etc.
c) An elbow pipe , usually T- pipe submerged to a depth of 150 – 250mm below the liquid level is
provided as inlet pipe. More number of inlet pipes may be provided for larger tanks.
d) Single elbow or T- shaped outlet pipe is provided. it should also be submerged at least 150mm below the liquid level. for every larger tanks, weir type outlet similar of settling tanks are provided
e) In smaller tanks one baffle of hanging types is enough and the baffle is usually placed 200 to 300mm from the inlet pipe and remains 250mm above 300mm below the liquid level. outlet baffle is provided only in large tanks, when weir type outlet is provided.
f) Usually R.C.C. slab with C.I manhole covers are provided.
g) Ventilation pipe of usually 75 to 100mm diameter of A.C. or C.I. is used for taking out the foul smells . Their tops are provided with cowls.
h) Larger tanks are provided with partition walls as the capacity of the first chamber is twice as that of the second chamber . suitable openings at a depth of 300mm from water level is also provided.
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4. BIOGAS PLANT
( FLOATING TYPE)
Aim:
To draw the Biogas plant using AutoCAD
software.
Specifications
The particulars of a floating type biogas plant are
Diameter of cylindrical drum – 2000mm
Height of digest well from foundation to cornice-
1350mm
Height of inlet and outlet at the digester wall –
700mm
height of the end of inlet and outlet from the bottom
of digester wall – 300mm
Height of drum - 1000mm
Thickness of foundation concrete for digester well –
150mm
Thickness of brick wall in cm 1:4 – 230mm
Thickness of partition wall – 150mm
Size of brick pillar at the centre – 230 x 230mm
Size of cornice - 75 x 300mm
Size of inlet tank – 750 x 750 x 600 mm
Size of outlet tank – 600 x 600 x600 mm
Diameter of inlet and inlet pipe – 100mm�
Any more data required may be assumed suitably .
Draw the following views to a suitable scale.
1. Sectional elevation
2. Top plan
Procedure:
1. switch on the computer
2. Load Auto CAD 2008
3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
4. Setting limits
5. Zoom – All
6. Using Line & circle command draw Biogas
plant
7. using hatch command where our necessary
8. dotted lines are drawn using line type.
Result:
Thus the Biogas plant are drawn using Auto CAD
2008 software
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5. R.C.C. SQUARE OVER HEAD TANK
SUPPORTED BY FOUR COLUMNS
Aim:
To draw the R.C.C. Square over head tank
supported by four columns using AutoCAD software.
Problem:
The particulars of a R.C.C. square overhead tank
supported by four columns are
Size of the tank - 3300 x 3300 mm
Height of wall of the tank - 3m
Free board - 0.5m
Thickness of bottom slab - 150mm
Thickness of tank wall - 150mm
Thickness of cover slab - 100mm
Size of beam at top of column -250x 450 mm
Size of column - 250x250mm
Size of braces - 250x300mm
Height of column from G.L - 6M
Size of manhole - 600mmx600mm
Depth of water inside the tank - 2.5m
Depth of foundation below G.L. - 1200mm
Size of column footing - 1400x1400mm
Diameter of inlet, outlet and overflow pipes -200mm�
Diameter of scour pipe - 150mm
Diameter of vent pipe - 150mm
Any more data required may be assumed suitably.
Draw the following views to a suitable scale.
1. Sectional elevation
2. Plan
Procedure:
1. switch on the computer
2. Load Auto CAD 2008
3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
4. Setting limits
5. Zoom – All
6. Using Line command R.C.C. Square over head
tank supported by four columns are drawn.
7. using hatch command where our necessary
8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type.
Result:
Thus the R.C.C. Square over head tank supported by
four columns are drawn using Auto CAD 2008
software
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6. R.C.C. SLAB CULVERTS WITH SPLAYED
WING WALLS
Aim:
To draw the R.C.C. Slab culverts with splayed
wing walls using AutoCAD software
Problem:
The following are the particulars for a R.C.C. slab
culvert with splayed wing wall.
Natural drain
Flows perpendicular to the centre line of roadway
Bed width - 2500mm
Bed level - +80.00m
Ground level - +80.50m
Side slop - 1:1
Embankment :
Road embankment
Top width - 5300mm
Top level - +82.7m
side slope - 1:1
Distance between the inner face of abutment -
2500mm
Deck slab - 250mm
Thickness of R.C.C. slab - +82.70m
Bearing on abutment - 450mm
Size of cement concrete bed block -
450x200mm
Length of bed block - 5300mm
Abutment:
Abutment with R.R. masonry in cm 1:5
top width - 600mm
Top level -82.45m
Bottom level - +79.50
External side vertical and earth side battered
Wing wall:
Wing wall with R.R. masonry in cm1:5 wing wall are
splayed at 450 with abutment
Top width 500mm
Same slope as for embankment to the top of wall from
+82.7m to +81.00m
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Bottom level +79.50m
Battered at earth side
Return wall
Return wall with R.R. masonry in cm 1:5
Top width - 500cm
Top level - +81.00m
Bottom level - +79.50m
Length parallel to the embankment - 2250mm
Foundation for walls:
Foundations in C.C. 1:4:8
Offset 300mm provided around all walls
Bottom level for abutment - +78.90
Bottom level for other walls - +79.20m
Clear width of roadway between kerb – 4000m
Width of Kerb - 200mm
Height of kerb above slab - 300mm
Road level at crown - +82.80
Parapet walls:
Parapet walls with R.R. masonry in cm 1:4
Width of wall - 450mm
Height of wall - 750mm
Length of wall - 3700mm
Thickness of cement concrete coping - 200mm
Talus or bed pitching and revetment along sides
Bed under the culvert and for sufficient length
towards the upstream and down stream sides and
also the sides of the drain are pitched with dry ribble
300 thick.
Wearing coat:
Wearing coat with bituminous surfacing for an
average thickness of 100mm over the deck slab and
over a course with rubble of thickness 250mm in the
remaining portion.
Guard stones:
Size of stone - 250mm x250mm
Height of stone - 450mm
Spacing of stone - 2000mm c/c
Any more data required may be assumed suitably .
Draw the following view to a suitable scale
1. Half plan at top and half at foundation level.
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2. Half sectional elevation along the centre line of
road and half front elevation.
3. cross section along the centre line of drain
To find out sections of abutment , wing wall and
return well.
Abutment
Top width - 600
Top level - +82.45m
Bottom level - +79.50m
Bottom width - 0.4 x h - 0.4(82.45 -79.5)
- 1180m - say 1300mm
Wing wall:
Section of wing wall is same as abutment section at
the abutment side (at +82.7 m level ) and the section
at the other side (at + 81.00m level) may be found
out as.
Top width -500mm
Top level at abutment side - +82.7m
Top level at other side - +81.00m
Bottom level - +79.50m
Minimum height of wing wall - (81.00 – 79.50m
- 1.5m
Bottom width at +81.00 level - 0.4(81.00-79.50)
- 600mm – say 700mm
Return wall:
Section of return wall is same as the section of wing
wall of +81.00m level.
Procedure:
1. switch on the computer
2. Load Auto CAD 2008
3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
4. Setting limits
5. Zoom – All
6. Using Line command R.C.C. slab culvert with
splayed wing wall are drawn.
7. using hatch command where our necessary
8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type.
Result:
Thus the R.C.C. slab culvert with splayed wing wall.
are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software
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7. TWO SPAN PIPE CULVERT
Aim:
To draw the Two span pipe culvert using
AutoCAD software
Problem:
The specifications for a pipe culvert are
Road embankment and stream
Width of road - 4700mm
Bed level of stream - +50.00m
Road level - +52.10m
Thickness of road metalling – 250mm
Slop of earthen road embankment - 1:1
Pipes:
Number of pipes - 2
Diameter of cement concrete hume pipes – 1000mm
Thickness of the pipes - 50mm
Spacing of pipes - 1600 mm c/c
Pipe joints - collar joint in cm 1:2
Pipes seated in cement concrete 500m thick the concrete is laid 200mm below bed level.
Seating at ends have slope 1:1/2 on inner side
Width of seating at bottom - 2700mm
Width of seating at top - 3200mm
Details of retaining walls at ends of pipes
Top level - +52.15m
Top width - 500mm
Bottom width - 1100mm
Bottom level - + 49.25m
Front face vertical
Width of foundation concrete - 4200mm
Thickness of foundation concrete - 300mm
Parapet:
Length - 4200mm
Height - 750mm above road level
Thickness - 400mm from +52.150m
coping 100mm thick
Earth filling
Earth filling above hume pipes - 650mm
and over which road metals provided . Finally
surface dressing for 100mm thickness is provided
Bed pitching
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Rough stone pitching 450mm thick for 2000 mm
length both in u/s and D/s sides and a bell bund
from +51.75 to + 50.00m
Any more data required may be assumed suitably
Draw the following views in a suitable scale
1. Half plan at top and half at foundation level
2. Longitudinal section
3. Front elevation
4. Beading details of pipes
Procedure:
1. switch on the computer
2. Load Auto CAD 2008
3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
4. Setting limits
5. Zoom – All
6. Using Line command R.C.C. slab culvert with
splayed wing wall are drawn.
7. using hatch command where our necessary
8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type.
Result:
Thus the Two span pipe culvert are drawn using
Auto CAD 2008 software
8. TWO SPAN TEE BEAM BRIGE WITH SQUARE
RETURNS
Aim:
To draw the Two span tee beam briage with
square returns using AutoCAD software
Problem:
The following are the particulars of a two span T-
Beam bridge with square returns
Bed level - +25.00n
Full supply level - 26.40m
Top of foundation for allwalls - +24.70m
Bottom of foundation for allwalls - +24.70m
Offset for foundation concrete - 300mm
Road level - +27.50m
Top of parapet - +28.35m
Top of kerb - +27.65m
Width of kerb - 0.3m
Bed width of river - 7.6m
Span length - 3.5m
Width of linear water way - 7.0m
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Number of spans - 2
Top bund level - +27.15m
Abutment:
With C.R. masonry in cm 1:5
Top width - 600mm
Bottom width - 1000mm
Water face vertical length of abutment – 6.1m
bed bock - 0.6x0.6x0.15 in CC 1:3:6
Return Wall:
With C.R. masonry in cm 1:5
Length of return wall - 3.5m
Top width - 600mm
Bottom width - 1000mm
Front face vertical
Pier
With C.R. masonry in cm 1:5
Width - 600mm
Length of pier - 6.1m
Beam:
No. of tee beam - 2
Size of tee beam - 0.15 x0.3m
Slab:
Thickness of R.C.slab - 250m
Parapet:
Thickness - 300mm
Pillars for hand rails - 300x300mm
Coping for parapet wall and pillars 0.1 m thick
Size of R.C.C. vertical post for hand rails -
0.1x0.1x0.7m
Size of pipe for hand rails - 25mm�
Road way :
Width of road way - 4.4m
Width of road way in the approach - 5.4m
Revetment and bed pitching
Length of rough stone revetment and bed pitching
at U/S and D/S sides – 2000m
Thickness of revetment - 300m
Any more data required may be assumed suitably
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Draw the following views in a suitable scale
1. Half plan at foundation and half plan at top
2. Half sectional elevation along the road way and
half front elevation
3. Half cross section along the centre line of pier
and half section across the road.
Procedure:
1. switch on the computer
2. Load Auto CAD 2008
3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
4. Setting limits
5. Zoom – All
6. Using Line command Two span tee beam bridge
with square returns are drawn.
7. using hatch command where our necessary
8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type.
Result:
Thus the Two span tee beam bridge with square
returns are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software
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9. SIMPLY SUPPORTED ONE WAY SLAB
Aim:
To draw the Simply supported one way slab
using AutoCAD software
Problem:
The following are the particulars of a simply
supported one way roof slab
Clear span - 4m
Width of supported walls - 400mm
Total thickness of slab - 150mm
Clean cover - 15mm
Main reinforcement - 12mm Dia Fe 415
steel rods@ 280mm c/c
Distributors - 8mm dia Fe 415 steel rods
@ 220mm c/c
Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement may be
adopted with standard values and any more data
required may be assumed suitably
Draw the following views to a suitable scale
1. Cross section of the slab showing reinforcement
details
2. Plan at bottom showing reinforcement
arrangements
3. Plan at showing reinforcement arrangements
4. Prepare bar bending schedule for 1m width of
slab
Procedure:
1. switch on the computer
2. Load Auto CAD 2008
3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
4. Setting limits
5. Zoom – All
6. Using Line command Simply supported one way
slab are drawn.
7. using hatch command where our necessary
8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type.
Result:
Thus the Simply supported one way slab are drawn
using Auto CAD 2008 software
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10. SIMPLY SUPPORTED TWO WAY SLAB
(CORNERS NOT HELD DOWN)
Aim:
To draw the Simply supported two way slab(
corners not held down) using AutoCAD software
problem:
The following are the particulars of a simply
supported two way slab ,and in which corners are not
held down.
Size of the room - 4.3 x5.6m
Thickness of slab - 140mm
Width of supporting walls - 300mm
Clear cover - 15mm
Reinforcement along shorter span Fe 415 steel –
10mm @ 210mm c/c
Reinforcement along longer span - 8mm Fe 415
steel @ 220 mm c/c
Distributors at top for the main reinforcement in both
directions 8mm Fe 415 steel @ 290mm c/c
Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement maybe
adopted with standard values and any more data
required may be assumed suitable.
Draw the following views to a suitable scale
1. Section along shorter span showing
reinforcement details
2. Section along span showing reinforcement
details
3. Plan showing the reinforcement details at
bottom and at top
4. Prepare a bar bending schedule .
Procedure:
1. switch on the computer
2. Load Auto CAD 2008
3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
4. Setting limits
5. Zoom – All
6. Using Line command Simply supported two way
slab( corners not held down) are drawn.
7. using hatch command where our necessary
8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type.
Result:
Thus the Simply supported two way slab( corners not
held down) are drawn using Auto CAD 2008
software
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11. RESTRAINED TWOWAY SLAB
(CORNERS HELD DOWN)
Aim:
To draw the Restrained two way slab
(corners held down) using AutoCAD software
Problem
The following are the particulars of a Simply
supported two way slab and in which corners
are held down.
Size of room - 7.00 x 5.00 m
Width of support – 300 mm
Thickness of slab – 150 mm
Clear cover -15mm
Reinforcement in the middle strip.
Reinforcement along shorter span
12mm Fe415 steel @100mm c/c
Reinforcement along longer span
12mm Fe 415 steel @ 150mm c/c
Reinforcement in the edge strips
12mm Fe 415 steel @160mm c/c. along
both spans.
Distributors at top for the main
reinforcement 12 mm. Fe415 steel @ 160 mm
c/c.
Torsion reinforcement
Both at top and bottom 10mm Fe 415 steel @
110mm c/c in both directions forming a mesh.
Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement may
be adopted with standard values and any more
data required may be assumed suitably.
Draw the following views to a suitable scale.
1. Section along shorter span middle strip
showing reinforcement details
2. Section along longer span middle strip
showing reinforcement details.
3. Plan showing arrangement of reinforcement at
bottoms.
4. Plan showing arrangement of reinforcement at
top.
5. Prepare a bar bending schedule.
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Procedure:
1. switch on the computer
2. Load Auto CAD 2008
3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
4. Setting limits
5. Zoom – All
6. Using Line command Restrained two way
slab (corners held down) are drawn.
7. using hatch command where our necessary
8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type.
Result:
Thus the Restrained two way slab (corners held
down) are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software
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12. SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM
(PARTIALLY FIXED)
Aim:
To draw the Singly Reinforced [beam
(partially fixed using AutoCAD software
Problem:
The following are the particulars of a Singly
reinforced partially fixed beam.
Clear span - 5000 mm
Width of supports - 300 mm
Size of beams - 300 x 550 mm
Clear cover to steel rods - 25 mm
Main reinforcement (tensile) - 16 mm Fe 415 steel -
6Nos.
Hanger rods - 12 mm Fe4l5steel
2 Nos
Shear reinforcement - Two legged stirrups
8mm Fe 415 steel @
150mm
Reinforcement at top at supports for negative
moment 16mm Fe41 5 steel 3 nos for a length of
0.11 or Id whichever in greater and anchored
sufficiently.
Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement
may be adopted with standard values and any more
data required may be assumed suitably.
Draw the following views to a suitable scale.
1. Longitudinal section of the beam showing
reinforcement details.
2. Top and bottom plan showing arrangement of
bars.
3. Cross sectional view of the beam at mid span and
at supports.
4. Prepare a bar bending schedule. Procedure:
1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom – All
6. Using Line command Singly Reinforced are
drawn. 7. using hatch command where our necessary 8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type.
Result:
Thus the Singly Reinforced are drawn using Auto
CAD 2008 software
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13. DOUBLY REINFORED BEAM
(PARTIALLY FIXED)
Aim:
To draw the Doubly reinforced beam (partially
fixed) using AutoCAD software
Problem
The following are the particulars of a doubly reinforced
partially fixed beam.
Clear span - 4500mm
Width of supports - 300 mm
Size of beam - 300x500mm
Tensile reinforcement - 16 mm Fe 415
Compressive reinforcement - 16 mm Fe 415
steel 3 Nos.
Shear reinforcement - 8 mm Fe 415
Steel 2 legged stirrups at 1pLcIc upto a distance of
25, mm from the face of supports. on each side and at 260
mm c/c the remaining portion.
Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement may be
adopted with standard values and any more data required
may be assumed suitably.
Draw the following views to suitable scale.
1. Longitudinal section J/he beam showing reinforcement
details.
2. Top and bottom plans showing arrangement of bars.
3. Cross sectional view of the beams at mid span and at
supports.
4. Prepare a bar bending schedule.
Procedure:
1. switch on the computer
2. Load Auto CAD 2008
3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
4. Setting limits
5. Zoom – All
6. Using Line command Doubly reinforced beam
(partially fixed) are drawn.
7. using hatch command where our necessary
8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type.
Result:
Thus the Doubly reinforced beam (partially fixed) are
drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software
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14. TEE BEAMS SUPPORTING CONTIUOUS SLAB
Aim:
To draw the Tee beam supporting continuous
slab using AutoCAD software
Problem
The following are the particulars of a continuous one way
slab over Tee beams.
Clear size of room - l5mx5m
Spacing of Tee beams - 3m c/c
Depth of Tee beams - 450 mm (over all)
Breadth of web or rib - 250 mm
Width of support - 250 mm
Thickness of slab - 120mm
Reinforcement in slab
Main reinforcement for positive moment at end
spans 10 mm Fe 415 steel @300 mm c/c.
Main reinforcement for negative moment at support
next to end support 10 mm Fe 415 steel at 290 mm c/c.
Main reinforcement for positive moment at Interior
span 10mm Fe 415 steel @300mm c/c.
Main reinforcement for negative moment at Interior
support 10 mm Fe 415 steel 230 mm c/c.
Distribution 8 mm Fe 415 steel 340 mm c/c.
Reinforcement in Tee Beam
Main (Tensile) reinforcement - 20 mm Fe 415
steel 5 Nos.
Hanger rods - 12 mm Fe 415
steel 2 Nos.
Shear reinforcement - 2 legged stirrups
8mm Fe 415 steel
@25OmmcIc.
Reinforcement at top at support 16 mm Fe 415 steel
2 Nos for a length 0.1 l or Ld whichever in greater and
anchored sufficiently.
Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement may be
adopted with standard values and any more data required
may be assumed. suitably.
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Draw the following views to a suitable scale.
1. Lay out of beams
2. Cross section of beam and slab for end span and interior
span showing reinforcement details.
3. Plan showing reinforcement details at bottom and at top.
4. Longitudinal section of Tee beam.
5. Cross section of beam at mid span and at supports.
6. Prepare a bar bending schedule for all spans except beam
portion for 1 m width of slab.
Procedure:
1. switch on the computer
2. Load Auto CAD 2008
3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
4. Setting limits
5. Zoom – All
6. Using Line command Tee beam supporting
continuous slab are drawn.
7. using hatch command where our necessary
8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type.
Result:
Thus the Tee beam supporting continuous slab
are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software
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15. DOG LEGGED STAIRCASE
Aim:
To draw the dog legged staircase using
AutoCAD software
Problem
The following are the particulars of a dog legged staircase.
Clear size of staircase room - 5.9 m x 3.4 m
Width of supporting walls - 230 mm
Vertical distance between the floors - 3.3 m
Width of flight - 1600mm
Width of landing - 1600 mm
Number of flights - 2
No. of riser in each flight - 11
No. of treads in each flight - 10
Rise - 150 mm
Tread - 270 mm
Thickness of waist slab - 250 mm
Main reinforcement 10 mm Fe 415 steel @ 120 mm c/c
Distributors - 8mm Fe 415 steel @ 160 mm c/c
50% of the main reinforcement are provided at the
bottom of landing slab and extended to the top of waist slab
for a length of 0.151 or Ld whichever is greater.
Anchorage and curtailment of Reinforcement may b
with standard values and any more data required may be
suitably.
Draw the following views to a suitable scale.
1. Plan and elevation of dog legged stair.
2. Section of waist slab (First flight)
3. Section of waist slab (Second flight)
4. Details of steps.
5. Prepare a bar bending schedule
Procedure:
1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom – All 6. Using Line command dog legged staircase are
drawn. 7. using hatch command where our necessary 8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type.
Result:
Thus the dog legged staircase are drawn using Auto
CAD 2008 software
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16. LINTEL AND SUNSHADE
Aim:
To draw the Lintel and sunshade
using AutoCAD software
Problem
The following are the particulars of a lintel
with sunshade.
Clear span of lintel - 2 m
Bearing on either side - 300 mm
Size of lintel - 300 x 200
mm
Width of brick wall - 300 mm
Width of Sunshade - 0.9 m
Thickness of Sunshade -
100mm
at support and 50 mm at free end
Reinforcement details:
Lintel - 12 mm Fe 415 steel
(5 Nos.)
Main (tensile) reinforcement --10mm
Fe4l5steel 2 Nos.
Shear reinforcement - Fe4l5steel8mm
2 legged stirrups
175 mm c/c
Sunshade
Main reinforcement - Fe 415 steel 10
mm @
230 mm c/c.
Distributors - Fe 415 steel 8
mm
300 mm c/c
Anchorage and curtailment of
reinforcement may be adopted with
standard values and any more data
required may be assumed suitably
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Draw the following views to a suitable
scale.
1. Longitudinal section of lintel.
2. Cross section of lintel and Sunshade at
mid span and at support.
3. Plan of lintel and Sunshade.
4. Prepare a bar bending schedule for the
lintel and Sunshade.
Hanger rods
Shear reinforcement
Procedure:
switch on the computer
Load Auto CAD 2008
Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
Setting limits
Zoom – All
Using Line command R.C.C. slab culvert with splayed wing wall are drawn.
using hatch command where our necessary
Dotted lines are drawn using line type.
Result:
Thus the Lintel and sunshade are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software
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17. R.C.C. COLUMN WITH FOOTING
(SQUARE)
Aim:
To draw the R.C.C. column with footing using
AutoCAD software
Problem
The following are the particulars of a R.C.C. square
column with square footing.
Size of column - 400 mm x 400 mm
Clear cover - 40mm
Size of footing - 2.4m x 2.4m Depth of footing - 600mm at column face and 150mm at ends Bottom cover - 50mm Cover at side - 75 mm Reinforcement details Column Column Longitudinal reinforcement - 22 mm Fe 415 steel 8 Nos. Lateral ties - 8 mm Fe 415 steel _____ @ 280 mm c/c. Footing
16 mm Fe415 steel 16 Nos in each direction
Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement may be
adopted with standard values and any more data
required may be assumed suitably.
Draw the following views to a suitable scale.
1. Plan of column with reinforcement details.
2. Sectional view of column with footing.
3. Plan of footing showing reinforcement details.
4. Prepare a bar bending schedule for column and
footing (for I m height of column)
Procedure:
switch on the computer
Load Auto CAD 2008
Setting units
( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
Setting limits
Zoom – All
Using Line command R.C.C. slab culvert with splayed
wing wall are drawn.
using hatch command where our necessary
Dotted lines are drawn using line type.
Result:
Thus the R.C.C. column with footing are drawn
using Auto CAD 2008 software