Post on 26-Oct-2021
Butterfly diversity of the LEGATO sites
in the Philippines Martin Wiemers & Josef Settele
Butterfly diversity of the LEGATO sites
in the Philippines – a pilot study
• assess indicator value for biodiversity around the LEGATO field sites
• in addition to the LEGATO target group for terrestrial habitats (bees)
• Why butterflies: • good indicators for biodiversity (herbivorous
insects with complex life cycle and habitat requirements)
• high diversity (ca 500 species on Luzon island) • relatively easy to sample and identify
Page 2
Butterfly surveys 18.4.–3.5.2013 & 1.-12.4.2015
• Transect counts within 300 m radius of LEGATO sites
• 5 minute intervals
enables calculation of accumulation curves
standardisation according to sampling effort not
straightforward due to strong differences in detectability
between open and forested tropical habitats
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Preliminary results from 2013
further sampling effort needed in Laguna
(3 days) and especially in Ifugao (46 days)
Page 4
Landscape Name Collected
samples
Sampling
effort (obs.
units)
Sampling
effort
(hours)
observed
individuals
observed
species
single-
tons
double-
tons
PH1 Laguna 99 101 9 349 27 5 3
PH2 Nueva Ecija 57 74 6 476 20 2 2
PH3 Ifugao 136 218 24 573 43 16 4
TOTAL Philippines 292 393 40 1398 57 11 3
Landscape Name estimated
no. species
(ACE)
estimated
no. species
(Chao 1)
estimated
maximum
no. species
missing
species
g=1 g=0.95 g=0.9
PH1 Laguna 31 31 44 4 1080 286 84
PH2 Nueva Ecija 21 21 26 1 501
PH3 Ifugao 65 75 158 32 6918 2457 1663
TOTAL Philippines 65 71 113 14 14086 4239 2462
Results of surveys in 2013 & 2015
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Landscape Name estimated
no. species
(ACE)
estimated
no. species
(Chao 1)
estimated
maximum
no. species
missing
species
g=1 g=0.95 g=0.9
PH1 Laguna 50 50 44 7 4496 1271 612
PH2 Nueva Ecija 21 21 26 1 501
PH3 Ifugao 61 63 158 9 7021 1839 857
TOTAL Philippines 80 82 113 9 12945 2707 899
Landscape Name Collected
samples
Sampling
effort (obs.
units)
Sampling
effort
(hours)
observed
individuals
observed
species
single-
tons
double-
tons
PH1 Laguna 232 250 23 844 43 9 4
PH2 Nueva Ecija 57 74 6 476 20 2 2
PH3 Ifugao 238 446 57 1288 54 11 5
TOTAL Philippines 527 770 86 2608 73 12 6
For comparison: 2-day-survey on Mt. Makiling: 57 / 154 species
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Ifugao – PH3
Nueva Ecija – PH2
Laguna – PH1
Luzon:
72 of 472
species
Butterfly species shared among regions
Page 7
Laguna
Ifugao
Nueva Ecija
11
4
16 0
10 4
26
Page 8
Butterfly diversity in PH1-PH3 (Luzon)
Page 9
PH1:
Laguna
41 species
Victoria
14
Malaya
25
San Francisco
14
Nagcarlan
26
Manaol
16
PH1 – Laguna
Page 10 Junonia atlites Leptosia nina
Page 11
Butterfly diversity in PH1 (Laguna)
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PH2:
Nueva Ecija
20 species
Naglabrahan
12 Maligaya
9
Mabini
9
Talavera
7 Sibul
12
PH2 – Nueva Ecija
Page 13 Aeromachus plumbeola Eurema species
Page 14
Butterfly diversity in PH2 (Nueva Ecija)
Page 15
PH3:
Ifugao
54 species
Poitan
34 Bangaan
26
Hingyon
26
Taman
17
Batad
29
Viewpoint
15
PH3 – Ifugao
Page 16 Pieris canidia
Faunis phaon
Pithecops corvus
Acrophthalmia artemis
Page 17
Butterfly diversity in PH3 (Ifugao)
Page 18
Laguna
Ifugao Nueva
Ecija
Page 19
Thank you for your attention!
• Permits & Assistance: • Sylvia Villareal (Bong) • Leonardo Marquez (Leo) • Jesus Victor Bustamante
(Jappan)
Page 20
Acknowledgements