Building for the By Recycling Industrial Materials

Industrial Materials Recycling

Kimberly Cochran, PhDUS EPA Office of Solid Waste

AGC Building Division MeetingJanuary 26, 2008

Miami, Florida

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Team• Promotes the reduction, reuse, and

recycling of industrial materials– Construction and demolition (C&D)

materials– Coal combustion products (CCPs)– Foundry sands– Tires– Slags– Pulp and paper residuals

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materials?• They

– Can substitute virgin materials AND save energy, time, and money

– Perform as well or better than virgin materials

• Capture valuable materials that would otherwise be lost.

• Recycling/reusing can mean points for green building certification.

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C&D Materials Include …

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C&D Waste

• Wood– Engineered Wood

• Oriented Strand Board (OSW)

• Plywood• Blackboard

– Dimensional Lumber

– Treated Wood

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Markets:

• Boiler Fuel

• Mulch

• Engineered boards

Wood

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Portland Cement

ConcreteMarkets:

– Road Base– Aggregate

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• Heavily Recycled in New Hot Mix Asphalt

Asphalt Concrete

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• Gypsum Drywall

• Markets:

– New Drywall

– Portland Cement Production

– Agriculture

– Construction Material

Components of C&D Materials

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• Roofing Materials

– Asphalt Roofing Shingles

– Asphalt Roofing Felt

• Recycled into new hot mix asphalt.

Components of C&D Materials

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• Metals

– Ferrous

– Nonferrous• Aluminum• Copper

Components of C&D Materials

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• Paper Products

• Cardboard

Components of C&D Materials

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Reuse/Recycling Can Occur Onsite and Offsite

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Four Tier System

• Tier I: Direct Reuse and Recycling

• Tier II: Source Separated Materials

• Tier III: Mixed C&D to Offsite Separation

• Tier IV: Mixed C&D to Landfills

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• Massachusetts ban on disposal before processing

• California requires 50% diversion from landfills

• Various states have grants and education programs

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• Disposal bans– Ban of specific materials from being disposed

• Waste plan requirement– Require all contractors to submit plans on how they

will reduce disposal when applying for a permit

• Deposit system– Fee required when applying for a permit that is

returned when recycling is proven

• Salvage period requirements

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Recycling• Increases in fuel prices

• Green building initiatives

• Efforts to reduce GHG emissions

• General difficulty to site landfills

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Remember:

It is important to reuse/recycle the waste your company generates, but

It is also important to use recyclable materials from other industries in

construction design.

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• Coal fly ash

• Iron/steel slag

• Foundry sand

• Fill

• Structural material

• Masonry material

• Many more…

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Team

• Measure – “What gets tracked gets managed”

• Explore barriers and how to overcome them

• Increase awareness

• Recognize success

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• Will be measuring annually -- need a viable, economically feasible source of data

• Currently looking at data states collect and publish

Amount Generated

(million tons)

Recycling Rate

Buildings 160 40%

Road Surfaces 170 88%

Other sources ? ?

Total ? ?

Preliminary 2003 draft numbers

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Awareness• Construction Initiative

– Encouraging use of industrial materials in building or highway construction projects

• Green Buildings, Highways, and Sustainable Sites– Helping develop criteria– Promoting industrial materials recycling in

green structures/sites– Promoting coordination between

transportation and environmental agencies

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SpecificationsConcrete Specifications

ASTM C 595,"Standard Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements.”

ASTM C 618, "Standard Specification for Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use as a Mineral Admixture in Portland Cement Concrete."

ASTM C 150, "Standard Specification for Portland Cement."

ASTM C 311, "Standard Methods of Sampling and Testing Fly Ash and Natural Pozzolans for Use as a Mineral Admixture in Portland Cement Concrete."

AASHTO M 240, "Blended Hydraulic Cements."

ASTM C 989, "Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag for Use in Concrete Mortars.“

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Awareness• Asphalt Shingle Recycling Forums

• Foundry Sand Forum

• Beneficial Use Summit

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• 2005 Grant to CMRA for Tear-Off Asphalt Shingles Recycling

– Update www.shinglerecycling.org website

– Recycling Asphalt Shingles: Best Practices Guide

– Environmental Issues Associated with Asphalt Shingle Recycling

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• Associated General Contractors of America

• Building Materials Reuse Association

• Construction Materials Recycling Association

• National Association of Home Builders

• National Demolition Association

• Association of State and Territorial Solid Waste Management Officials

• National Association of Counties

• Foundry Sand Recycling Starts Today

• American Coal Ash Association

• Rubber Manufacturers Association

• National Council for Air and Stream Improvement

• National Slag and Slag Cement Association

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• White paper– Demonstrate a support for reduction, reuse,

and recycling

– Reuse and recycling should be performed in a safe manner

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• Measurement tool for contractors

How much did my company

reused/recycled?

How much did my company SAVE?

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• Recognition

– Case Studies

– Others?

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• What obstacles have you encountered?

• What role does each participant play in overcoming the obstacles to industrial materials recycling?– Contractors– Manufacturers – States– EPA

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• What tools and resources do contractors need to

– Reuse/recycle materials

– Use recycled materials

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• Recycling/reusing C&D materials• Using industrial materials• Need:

– Amount and types of materials that were reused/recycled

– Size of project– Amount of money saved (if available)– Obstacles encountered and how they were

overcome

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Cochran.Kimberly@epa.gov

703-347-8950

www.epa.gov/industrialmaterials