Transcript of Building Construction 7. construction site
- 1. International Burch university Course : Building
Construction Technology IArchitecture department Date : xx / xx /
xxxxSarajevo LECTURE NO.7 CONSTRUCTION SITE Building Construction
Technology I Professor : Prof.dr.Nerman Rustempasic Assistant :
M.Sc. Ahmed El Sayed
- 2. THE STUDY OF CONSTRUCTION ORGANIZATIONS -PREPARATION PHASE-
Basic information to be collected are the following:
technical-economic documentation of agreed work geographic and
topographic conditions, meteorological and climatic conditions,
geological and geotechnical conditions, hydrological conditions,
ability to supply water, energy, etc. ability to supply material
traffic, and conditions for delivery of materials, machinery, etc.
opportunity for employment of labor force, property-legal
relations, capacity of eventual subcontractors, suppliers,
transportation companies, cost of resources to be used in the
region in which to build, etc.
- 3. TECHNICAL-ECONOMIC DOCUMENTATION OF AGREED WORK Main project
of architectural- constructive phase of the building, Priced bill
of quantities, cost estimate contract for construction, General
technical and special conditions of the contract, the document on
Providing financial resources, Conceptual project of site
organization if there is , etc. Without complete documentation it
is not possible to consider all the needs, which inevitably leads
to losses.
- 4. SITE GEOGRAPHY The exact geographical location of site, The
nearest villages, centers of possible supply (construction
materials, handicraft workshops and repair shops, banks, post
offices, the building materials industry, quarries, gravel pits,
desire. stations, ports, airports, pumps for liquid fuels, etc.)
Economic description of cities, towns and other centers that
gravitate future construction, as documentation and background
should submit: geographical maps and distances specified in
relation to the site.
- 5. SITE TOPOGRAPHY Configuration of site has a big influence on
the organization of the site, or the disposition of various plants,
design and development of access roads, the internal communication
at the site, the interior horizontal and vertical transport to the
site and the whole works. Since the topography of ground depends on
what will be applied to the disposition of the site, which
transport vehicles to use and how much transportation will
cost.
- 6. GEOLOGICAL AND GEOTECHNICAL CONDITIONS When performing work
on the building below the ground surface occurs some problems
related to groundwater (groundwater elevation, vibration levels at
various time periods, the strength of underground springs, etc.).
Geological complex of ground, geomechanical and geotechnical
properties of soil layers on the basis of appropriate tests, and
geological sections, geological map of the area generally should
exist within the architectural- constructive phase of the project
of the building, but contractor has all these elements to check
before building
- 7. GEOLOGICAL AND GEOTECHNICAL CONDITIONS Determining the
existence of groundwater, and their regime is of great importance
to the process of organizing works at zero cycle facilities, as
well as for predicting the equipment and installations for water
pumping, fencing construction pit, concreting under water, etc.,
which has great importance for, among other things, calculating and
determining the cost of these works.
- 8. METEOROLOGICAL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS Climatic conditions
at the site are reflected in two ways: the creation of special
conditions for life and work, or the hygienic and technical
conditions, and the impact on the organization and the construction
technique. The human activity, climate has a direct effect
especially when the works are carried out in the open. It has an
impact on the performance of workers and the effect of work
generally. Unfavorable climatic conditions create special,
difficult living and working conditions of workers on site and
reflect on the state of health, and should be anticipated and
calculate all necessary safeguards for the health and maintaining
good working condition of workers.
- 9. METEOROLOGICAL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS Climatic conditions
are decisive for the annual fund of working time, it is essential
that information about climate and weather conditions to be
collected for a longer period of observation. Such information may
be obtained from Hydro- Meteorological Institute. data on rainfall
and its distribution throughout the year, with rainfall greater
than 1 mm and 10 mm, as well as data on relative humidity. on
temperature, average annual, highest and lowest, and the number of
days with temperatures below 0 C or lower than -5 C. information
about the dominant winds, their direction, intensity and duration.
Strong winds can cause major problems at work and in certain areas
and to stop work completely. Strong winds have an influence on the
stability of the scaffolding, formwork and roof, high pumps,
etc.
- 10. METEOROLOGICAL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS Climatic conditions
are decisive for the annual fund of working time, it is essential
that information about climate and weather conditions to be
collected for a longer period of observation. Such information may
be obtained from Hydro- Meteorological Institute. data on rainfall
and its distribution throughout the year, with rainfall greater
than 1 mm and 10 mm, as well as data on relative humidity. on
temperature, average annual, highest and lowest, and the number of
days with temperatures below 0 C or lower than -5 C. information
about the dominant winds, their direction, intensity and duration.
Strong winds can cause major problems at work and in certain areas
and to stop work completely. Strong winds have an influence on the
stability of the scaffolding, formwork and roof, high pumps,
etc.
- 11. SITE HYDROLOGY When it comes to the performance of
buildings in the vicinity of surface water, rivers, lakes, canals,
must be familiar with the water regime because it has a direct
impact on the groundwater regime. Based on the collected data
should find the optimal technological solution and make a study of
evacuation from the building of underground water tanks - wide
excavation
- 12. SITE ORGANIZATION PHASE 1 In the first phase of works is
formed and performed: Traffic and site access Fence site and input
(s) Earthworks on the site, digging pits Building site road (part
of) Interim and secondary buildings on the site (part of) Energy
and installation needed on site (part of)
- 13. EXCAVATION FOUNDATION PITS IN A WIDEEXCAVATION
- 14. EXCAVATION OF EARTH BY EXCAVATOR WITHDEPTH BUCKET
- 15. EXCAVATION OF EARTH WITH EXCAVATOR WITHFRONTAL BUCKET
- 16. EXCAVATION FOUNDATION PITS IN A WIDE EXCAVATION
- 17. EXCAVATION FOUNDATION PITS IN A WIDE EXCAVATION
- 18. EXCAVATION FOUNDATION PITS IN A WIDE EXCAVATION
- 19. EXCAVATION FOUNDATION PITS IN A WIDE EXCAVATION
- 20. EXCAVATION FOUNDATION PITS IN A WIDE EXCAVATION
- 21. THE PROJECT (STUDY) OF THE ORGANIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION
Main attachments and content of site organization study : The urban
situation Site plan site Fence and enters Traffic and site access
Earthworks on the site, digging foundation pits Temporary and
secondary buildings on the site roads in Construction site Energy
and installation needed on site Production units and workshops on
the site Deposition of materials and components, formwork, etc.
Internal horizontal and vertical transport (key machines on the
site, the principles of sizing and positioning Other facilities on
the site Technical report on the project of site organization
- 22. THE PROJECT (STUDY) OF THE ORGANIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION
Main attachments and content of site organization study : The urban
situation Site plan site Fence and enters Traffic and site access
Earthworks on the site, digging foundation pits Temporary and
secondary buildings on the site roads in Construction site Energy
and installation needed on site Production units and workshops on
the site Deposition of materials and components, formwork, etc.
Internal horizontal and vertical transport (key machines on the
site, the principles of sizing and positioning Other facilities on
the site Technical report on the project of site organization
- 23. SITE FENCE
- 24. SITE FENCE
- 25. EXTERNAL TRANSPORT The rationality of building, directly
depends on the good of the solutions to the construction site and
traffic on the site. It should be well studied, the question of
suitable external roads and access to the site to direct the
delivery of materials.
- 26. EXTERNAL TRANSPORT The rationality of building, directly
depends on the good of the solutions to the construction site and
traffic on the site. It should be well studied, the question of
suitable external roads and access to the site to direct the
delivery of materials. To make calculations of external transport
of materials, equipment, etc. should draw on the map scheme of the
source of materials and equipment to existing roads and traffic
facilities through which supplies will be carried out site, enter
the route, transport distances and create a specially prescribed
distance table, expressed in miles. These data on the source of
materials and the distance is important for the transport and
purchase service.
- 27. EXTERNAL TRANSPORT The rationality of building, directly
depends on the good of the solutions to the construction site and
traffic on the site. It should be well studied, the question of
suitable external roads and access to the site to direct the
delivery of materials. To make calculations of external transport
of materials, equipment, etc. should draw on the map scheme of the
source of materials and equipment to existing roads and traffic
facilities through which supplies will be carried out site, enter
the route, transport distances and create a specially prescribed
distance table, expressed in miles. These data on the source of
materials and the distance is important for the transport and
purchase service.
- 28. SITE CENTER The term "center of gravity" means the mass of
material to be installed. There is a notion of "center of gravity
of the horizontal transport" and the term "center of gravity of
vertical transportation"
- 29. SITE CENTER
- 30. INTERNAL TRAFFIC COMMUNICATIONS Internal roads and traffic
areas can be realized as a temporary or permanent traffic areas.
The realization of permanent traffic areas within the site is a
very rational approach, and it is possible when the place and route
traffic areas around the planned design for the of the building
matches with the area of traffic routes for the construction site
need to function. There are three basic solutions of the route: 1.
A bypass circuit with a separate or unique entrance-exit, the
traffic is on one way. 2. Transitory roads - when there are public
roads with two opposite side of the site, two-way traffic. There
are two entrance-exit to the site 3. Blind with bucket - a
connection to the main road, two- way traffic.
- 31. INTERNAL TRAFFIC COMMIUNICATIONirina vozila irina trakedo
2,4 m 3,00 mdo 2,65 m 3,50 mpreko 2,65 m 4,00 m
- 32. INTERNAL TRAFFIC COMMUNICATIONS In the building production,
works on the site is more or less a problem of transportation.
Every unnecessary step, every unnecessary transfer or
transportation costs are extra, so it can get a space by
eliminating harmful to significant savings in time and of work
costs. Unnecessary transportation to the site comes from the wrong
set of major landfill materials, storage and access to them. Easier
or harder to perform the necessary transportation of materials
depends on properly selected modes of transport, the transport
routes, and it all comes down to problems of organization of
transport to the site. Under the "internal transport site" means
any transportation or transmission of building materials,
equipment, etc. from its storage place to place for installation.
This includes the transport of excavated earth from the excavation
of construction sites to landfills. Under the "transfer" means the
transfer of a human who performs work
- 33. INTERNAL TRAFFIC COMMUNICATIONS internal transport on the
site is divided into: horizontal transport vertical transport The
basic principles of solving (site plan of organization) with
respect to the principle of rationalization of traffic would be:
The principle of gravity and minimum transportation costs of
materials The principle of removing the spaces and remove harmful
in terms of transport distance and lifting height The principle of
using the force of gravity and transport movement from higher to
lower points The principle of uniformity of production and capacity
adjustment to the chain of machinery and transport equipment, the
term "lead machine"
- 34. SPACE DIMENSIONS In practice, for dimensioning are used the
following standards: Accommodation - from 4.5 to 6 m2/radniku
Dining Room - 3-4 m2/radniku Changing rooms and sanitation
facilities - 0.4 -0.5 m2/radniku Standards for design offices: 3.0
to 3.5 m2/osobi 4.5 to 5.0 m2/osobi drawers 5.0 m2/osobi -
management staff
- 35. STAFF ROOM
- 36. CHANGING ROOM
- 37. SANITARY OBJECTS ON SITE
- 38. SANITARY OBJECTS ON SITE
- 39. MAGACIN
- 40. THANK YOU