Post on 16-Apr-2017
Universal Broadband in Mumbai DP
Abhay KarandikarProfessor and HeadDepartment of Electrical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076karandi@ee.iitb.ac.in
Outline• Broadband wireless• Current scenario in Mumbai• Role of Municipal Corporation in Broadband• Case Studies• Planning
Broadband Wireless
Mumbai in 2030
City wide connectivity Public parks with Wi-Fi hotpots and free access
Public Safety and Vigilance
How do we reach there?
Broadband through WirelessMumbai
• Population density – 21k/sq.km• But, 34% (approx) wet land• Actual population density ~ 90-
100k/sq.km. in some areas or even more (Source: UDRI)
• Assume 10% use broadband services in such areas and 1 Mbps demand per user
• Very high capacity required: 10 Gbps/sq km– Assuming 2-3 cells/ sq km, we need about 3-4 Gbps per cell
With 100 MHz per cell (multiple operators and multiple technologies) ~ whopping 40 bps/Hz/cell !!!
Evolution of Wireless Systems
2G / 2.5GGSM / CDMA
10x
Kbps
1x
Mbp
s 3GWiMax / HSDPA
4GIMT-A / LTE-A10
0x
Mbp
s
Dow
nlin
k Sp
ectr
al E
ffici
ency
(bps
/Hz/
cell)
3
5-6 approx.
7 approx.
??????
Dat
a Ra
te
Wireless Mobile Systems
ObjectiveIncrease in Spectral
Efficiency
How do we reach 40 bps/Hz/cell
SolutionSmall Cells
Small Cells
Macro Cell
Small Cell
• Higher Spectral Capacity• Lower Transmit Power
Current Deployment Scenario in Mumbai
Current Architecture & Problems
Section of H-ward. Source: UDRI
Operator 1 Fiber Layout
Operator 1 Base Stations Operator 1
Fiber Layout
Operator 1 Base Stations
Operator 2 Fiber Layout
Operator 2 Base Stations
Operator 1 Fiber Layout
Operator 1 Base Stations
Operator 2 Fiber Layout
Operator 2 Base Stations
Operator 3 Fiber Layout Operator 3
Base Stations
Contrasting ChallengesCitizens:- Access to broadband- Data requirement with growing demand- Choice and migration across operators
Private operators:- Flexibility of planning- Network layout and architecture- Scalability and upgrades
Government of India:- Implementation of schemes as per National Telecom Policy
Municipal Corporation – Point of Intervention:• Right of way & digging permissions• Ensure availability of resources• Ensure no inconvenience to citizens• Ensure future-proof policies• Zoning
Municipal Corporation:- Enable use of citizen services to the masses- Interconnection of municipal facilities- Maintenance of public utilities like roads, flyovers etc.
Role of Municipal Corporation in Broadband
Roles of different entities • Private Telecom Operators – Infrastructure setup
and management • Government – Spectrum auctions • Any role of Municipal Corporations? – YES!!!
• Universal Service Obligation Fund?
• Enabler for private telecom operators• Broadband for citizen services• Municipal public-park approach
Enabler for private operators• Creation of Telecom Corridors– Lay trenches, dark fibers & conduits– Identify areas for tower installation (Zoning)– Provide connectivity to tower from trenches– Lease fiber to private telecom operators
• Changes in building code– Mandate builders to
provide ducts for optical fiber during construction
– Facilitate In Building Solutions (IBS)
• Map the details of all underground utilities and make available to all operators
Municipality laid fiber ducts/
conduits/ dark fibers
Gas Pipelines
Optical Fiber Ducts
Water Pipelines
Broadband for citizen services
School
Hospital
Police Station
Fire Stations
Municipal Broadband Tower
Municipal Telecom Corridor
CCTV Cameras
• Municipal Broadband – Services overlaid over telecom corridor
Municipal public-park approach• WiFi hotspots in public areas in underserved
locations
Case Studies
Case Studies – Stockholm • City owned network• Laid out by municipal
corporation• 10,00,000 km of fiber across
the city• Rented to operators for a fee• 90% of households
connected with fiber to home of which 25% are low household incomes
• Operates at a profit of ₹150 crores
Case Study – Lebanon (Oregon)• Public Private Partnership
Model• City wide coverage in a
partnership with ISPs• Access points provided to
educational institutions• Free Wi–Fi available to all for
limited time per month• Can be extended for a paid
price• Part of subscription money
received given back to local civic body
Planning
Mumbai Ward H/East
Includes• Dharavi slum cluster• Dense urban areas in Mahim / Santacruz,
Vile Parle• Educational campus of Mumbai University
in Kalina• Bordering the airport complex
Data• Area: 13.5 sq. km• Population: 5.8 Lakh• Slum Population: 4.5 Lakh (79%)• Number of households: 42.5k per sq.km• Population Density in residential zones:
~200k per sq.km
Mumbai Ward H/EastMain Conduits
Urban Bandwidth demand• 10k urban households• 5Mbps in 50% households• 25GbpsSlum Bandwidth demand• 34k households• 256kbps in 50% households• 4.5Gbps
Towers in 13.5sq km• 2Gbps per sq km• Small cells, 100Mbps
per 500m sector• Approx 250 towers
More than one operator Shared Tower Infrastructure
Dense Residential AreaEducational Areas
Government Services• Access to Schools/Hospitals• Public WiFi / Surveillance
Thank You!