British Education British Education SystemSystem

British Education Children in the United Kingdom are required to attend school from age 5 to age 16. State schools are maintained by local government and offer pupils free education up to the age of 18, while the so-called public schools are private institutions that charge attendance fees. The country has many universities, colleges, and adult education facilities.

I. The purpose of schoolI. The purpose of school

Common goalsCommon goals

The three “R’s”The three “R’s” The purpose of the British educationThe purpose of the British education

“ “to socialize children”to socialize children”

II. The debate on II. The debate on educationeducation

Corporal punishmentCorporal punishment Varieties in EnglishVarieties in English Class inequality & educationClass inequality & education

III. HistoryIII. History

The Ministry of EducationThe Ministry of Education The influence of the Church on The influence of the Church on

schoolingschooling

Eton College is a private secondary school in Berkshire County in southern England. The preparatory school was founded by King Henry VI in 1440. A statue of Henry VI stands in the courtyard of the college.

The playing fields of Rugby School, in Warwickshire, witnessed the birth of rugby football in 1823 when William Webb Ellis, a pupil, picked the ball up while playing football. Founded in 1567, the school is a leading English public school, renowned for its science education.

Before 1870Before 1870 voluntary, closely related to churchesvoluntary, closely related to churches 1870 effects of Industrial Revolution1870 effects of Industrial Revolution first Education Act (inspired by Germany)first Education Act (inspired by Germany) 1880 compulsory education (5-10)1880 compulsory education (5-10) 1902 LEA1902 LEA WWI the school leaving age 14WWI the school leaving age 14 WWII new system emphasizing equalityWWII new system emphasizing equality 1944 the Education Act (5-15)1944 the Education Act (5-15)

1960s comprehensive schools1960s comprehensive schools

Grammar schools & vocational schoolsGrammar schools & vocational schools 1973 5-161973 5-16 1976 “the Great Education Debate”1976 “the Great Education Debate” 1989 National Curriculum1989 National Curriculum

changeschanges

IV. The present education IV. The present education systemsystem

Compulsory education (5-16)Compulsory education (5-16) State schools or private schoolsState schools or private schools Public schools in BritainPublic schools in Britain Progress in educationProgress in education

School's Out in Belfast A group of primary school children race across a street in Falls Road, Belfast. Early education is an important objective in Northern Ireland. In addition to primary school education, the government provides nursery school education for children under five years old. All Northern Irish children are entitled to free schooling; however, a number of popular private schools attract local students, as well as pupils from overseas.

Pre-primary schooling (before 5)Pre-primary schooling (before 5) Primary schools (5-11)Primary schools (5-11)

co-educational (mixed)co-educational (mixed) Secondary schools (11-19)Secondary schools (11-19)

mixed / boys (girls) schoolsmixed / boys (girls) schools

“ “11+ Exam”; GCSE Exam; A-level Exam; 11+ Exam”; GCSE Exam; A-level Exam; GNVQ ExamGNVQ Exam

Tertiary educationTertiary education

V. Higher educationV. Higher education

Well-known universitiesWell-known universities ElitistsElitists

Five categories:Five categories: Foremost univ. (Oxbridge, St Andrews, Foremost univ. (Oxbridge, St Andrews,

etc)etc) Redbrick univ. (19Redbrick univ. (19thth-20-20thth century) century) Ultramodern univ. (last half of the 20th Ultramodern univ. (last half of the 20th

c.)c.) Polytechnics (science and applied tecPolytechnics (science and applied tec

h.)h.) Open Univ.Open Univ.

Oxford UniversityOxford University

Christ Church, Oxford University

England’s oldest institution of higher learning, Oxford University, is a federation of 35 colleges, each with its own structure and

activities. Many prominent people have attended the All Souls College, shown here.

Students at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, prepare to receive their academic degrees. The sashes of their gowns are lined with different colors of silk, designating each student’s

respective college or field of study.

Cambridge UniversityCambridge University

Founded in the 13th century, Cambridge University is one of the oldest educational institutions in Europe and one of the most prestigious universities in the world. Among its many distinguished graduates are Charles Darwin, John Maynard Keynes, Oliver Cromwell, and John Milton.

Trinity College, Cambridge University

King’s College, Cambridge University

QuestionQuestion

Why does the author say that Why does the author say that universities in Britain have been universities in Britain have been rather elitist?rather elitist?

The Open UniversityThe Open University

Question Question

What is the Open University in What is the Open University in Britain? What do you think of this Britain? What do you think of this system?system?