BRITAIN’S INDUSTRY

• In about 1790 the United Kingdom experienced the first industrial revolution. (large coal and iron ore deposits)

• Began with James Watt’s Steam Engine

Britain’s Industry• Moved from manual labor and

agricultural–based economy towards machine-based economy. (Industrial economy)

• Expansion in trade introduction of canals, improved roads and railways.

• Infrastructure was being improved because of these modifications.

• Development of mechanization of industry

Spread of the Revolution

• 1790 United Kingdom

• 1809 Westphalia Germany

• 1825 Belgium• 1820’s Sweden

• 1870’s United States

• 1877 Japan

• 1890’s Russia

Effects of Industrialization

• Cheaper products• Increased life expectancy and better

education made available• made the urban worker more dependent

on the will of the employer than the rural worker had been.

• Children employed in factories and mines because they were smaller and cheaper

Effects of Industrialization

Positive Effects• Cheaper products• Increased life

expectancy• Better education• Better transportation

technology– Steam Engine

Negative Effects• Children employed in

factories and mines– they were smaller and

cheaper

• Rapid urbanization– Shortage of housing– Large families cram

into small apartments• Slums

URBANIZATION• People were

moving from the rural areas to work in the factories which were all in the cities.

• People moved from farms to cities.

Pollution• Massive amounts of pollution filled the air

and soot covered the trees and stained the brick buildings

Industry’s affect on the environment

• Hydro-electric dams

• Pollution

• Deforestation

• What other ways have industry affected the environment?

• A change in society from an agrarian (farming) culture to an industrial culture

• More people working and moving to the cities to work in factories

• Factories mass produce goods for society which makes more and cheaper products

The Transcontinental railroad connected the east and west coast of the United States

Push Factors / Pull Factors

• Push Factors – Bad things that

push people away from someplace

• Pull Factors– Good things that

pull people into somewhere else

Push Factors / Pull Factors

• What Push / Pull Factors caused Industrialization / Urbanization?

Less Developed Countries• The words ‘Less

Developed’ refer to the lack of developed industry in these countries.

• Typically less developed countries are agrarian

Industry continues…• New technology is always being

developed which allows us to adapt– Development of air

conditioning– Desalinization Plants

(removing salt from salt water)

What other adaptations have we developed?

Desalinization plant in Israel

Negatives:

1.Expensive to Build

2.Expensive to Maintain

3.Doesn’t always work

4.Energy Intensive

5.Emits Greenhouse Gases

Pros/Cons of Desalinization

Pro• Fresh water from salt

water– Saline means salt

water

• Desert countries can turn nearby ocean water into fresh water

Con• Expensive ($$$$)• Uses more energy• Emits greenhouse

gases• Can create water

pollution

What invention benefited the Southern United States?

1940 Population Density

2010 Population Density