Bridging EOP’s Past to the Present Bridging EOP’s Past to the Present and Future:and Future:

Challenges, Opportunities, Challenges, Opportunities, ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities

4040thth Anniversary EOP Conference Anniversary EOP Conference

Tom BrownTom Browntom@tbrownassociates.comtom@tbrownassociates.comwww.tbrownassociates.comwww.tbrownassociates.com

19681968

FebruaryFebruary—three South Carolina State —three South Carolina State College students killed and 28 injured College students killed and 28 injured trying to integrate a bowling alley in trying to integrate a bowling alley in Orangeburg, SC.Orangeburg, SC.

March March San Francisco State students, San Francisco State students, faculty, and staff strike to protest racial faculty, and staff strike to protest racial discrimination, the Vietnam war, the draft, discrimination, the Vietnam war, the draft, and an “irrelevant curriculum.”and an “irrelevant curriculum.”

AprilApril—Dr. Martin Luther King assassinated—Dr. Martin Luther King assassinated

19681968SpringSpring—Senator Robert Kennedy joins —Senator Robert Kennedy joins Cesar Chavez and 8000 UFW members and Cesar Chavez and 8000 UFW members and calls Chavez, “one of the heroic figures of calls Chavez, “one of the heroic figures of our time.”our time.”

JuneJune—Bobbie Kennedy is assassinated in —Bobbie Kennedy is assassinated in LA after winning the California presidential LA after winning the California presidential primary.primary.

June 17June 17—Associated Students at Cal State —Associated Students at Cal State LA provides $40,000 to the Black Student LA provides $40,000 to the Black Student Association (BSA) and United Mexican Association (BSA) and United Mexican American Students (UMAS) to fund a American Students (UMAS) to fund a “Minority Student Program.”“Minority Student Program.”

19681968October 2October 2—300 Mexican students —300 Mexican students massacred by security forces at massacred by security forces at Tlatelolco ten days before opening of Tlatelolco ten days before opening of Mexico City Olympics.Mexico City Olympics.

October 1968October 1968—San Jose State —San Jose State students, John Carlos and Tommie students, John Carlos and Tommie Smith, raise gloved fists after winning Smith, raise gloved fists after winning gold and bronze in 200 meter race.gold and bronze in 200 meter race.

19691969AprilApril—California Legislature passed Bill —California Legislature passed Bill 1072 which establishes EOP at California 1072 which establishes EOP at California State Universities.State Universities.

JuneJune—Stonewall Inn, Greenwich Village, —Stonewall Inn, Greenwich Village, NY—gays and lesbians fight back against NY—gays and lesbians fight back against government sponsored system of government sponsored system of persecution. The rebellion marks the persecution. The rebellion marks the beginning of the gay rights movement in beginning of the gay rights movement in the US and around the world.the US and around the world.

NovemberNovember—500,000 people gather in DC —500,000 people gather in DC for the largest Vietnam War protest to date.for the largest Vietnam War protest to date.

Despite entering with Despite entering with academic and economic academic and economic disadvantages, CSU data disadvantages, CSU data indicated that EOP students indicated that EOP students persists to graduation on persists to graduation on par with system-wide par with system-wide averages…averages…

CSU websiteCSU website

In the struggle for freedom and In the struggle for freedom and justice, we must remember how far justice, we must remember how far we have come.we have come.

We must also remember how far we We must also remember how far we have to go.have to go.

Congresswoman Shirley Chisholm (D-NY)Congresswoman Shirley Chisholm (D-NY)

It can’t be over as long as we have It can’t be over as long as we have young African American boys and young African American boys and girls who are not able to get the girls who are not able to get the quality education they need, or are quality education they need, or are still being held back because people still being held back because people are looking down on them.are looking down on them.

Colin PowellColin PowellAugust 23, 2008August 23, 2008

Forty percent of new students are Forty percent of new students are the first in their families to attend the first in their families to attend college.college. (National Center for Education Statistics, (National Center for Education Statistics,

1996, 1998, 2001) 1996, 1998, 2001)

Often, they are not as Often, they are not as academically or socially prepared academically or socially prepared as others and are prone to drop as others and are prone to drop out.out.

Watson Scott Swail, PresidentWatson Scott Swail, PresidentEducational Policy InstituteEducational Policy InstituteChronicle of Higher EducationChronicle of Higher Education, 1/19/04, 1/19/04

77% of 77% of high incomehigh income students students

54% of 54% of low incomelow income students students

graduate in six years.graduate in six years.

The Education Trust, January 2005The Education Trust, January 2005

Disparities in race and Disparities in race and income persist in who income persist in who enrolls in college and racial enrolls in college and racial gaps remain in who gaps remain in who completes degrees….completes degrees….

National Center for Public Policy, National Center for Public Policy, December 2008December 2008

Institutions are far more likely Institutions are far more likely to attribute attrition to student to attribute attrition to student characteristics than to characteristics than to institutional characteristics.institutional characteristics.

What Works In Student RetentionWhat Works In Student Retention, 2004, 2004

What happens to students What happens to students afterafter they enroll frequently they enroll frequently has a more powerful impact has a more powerful impact on whether they stay and on whether they stay and achieve their goals or leave.achieve their goals or leave.

Tinto 1987, 1993Tinto 1987, 1993

Mexican-American high school Mexican-American high school students and their white peers students and their white peers desire equally to go to college, desire equally to go to college, but the former see more but the former see more obstacles in their path.obstacles in their path.

McWhirter, Torres, Salgado, & ValdezMcWhirter, Torres, Salgado, & ValdezOregon State study, 2007Oregon State study, 2007

Most of the Latino Most of the Latino achievement gap is the achievement gap is the result of what happens result of what happens afterafter they begin postsecondary they begin postsecondary studies.studies.

Latinos in Higher Education:Latinos in Higher Education:Many Enroll, Too Few GraduateMany Enroll, Too Few GraduatePEW Charitable Trust, 2002PEW Charitable Trust, 2002

African American students are African American students are more likely to find faculty more likely to find faculty members remote, members remote, discouraging, and discouraging, and unsympathetic.unsympathetic.

Exploring Distinctions in Types of Faculty Interactions Exploring Distinctions in Types of Faculty Interactions Among Black, Latino/a, and White College Students.Among Black, Latino/a, and White College Students.Cole and Anaya, 2001Cole and Anaya, 2001

Even the most non-Even the most non-traditional students can be traditional students can be transformed into powerful transformed into powerful learners through in- and learners through in- and out-of-class academic or out-of-class academic or interpersonal validation.interpersonal validation.

Dr. Laura Rendon, 1994Dr. Laura Rendon, 1994

EOP provided me with an EOP provided me with an environment of support and what environment of support and what I now know to be “validation” that I now know to be “validation” that could I could be whatever I could I could be whatever I wanted to be….wanted to be….

Dr. Mario Rivas, CSUH EOP AlumnusDr. Mario Rivas, CSUH EOP Alumnus

More than anything, EOP provided More than anything, EOP provided me with a sense of belonging and me with a sense of belonging and belief in my own ability to succeed. belief in my own ability to succeed. I don’t think I would have been I don’t think I would have been successful without the competent successful without the competent caring personnel in EOP at Cal caring personnel in EOP at Cal State San MarcosState San Marcos

Susana Gonzalez, 1997 EOP AlumnaSusana Gonzalez, 1997 EOP AlumnaCal State San MarcosCal State San Marcos

Conservative elites, Conservative elites, challenged by the postwar challenged by the postwar rise of a college educated rise of a college educated majority, have put that majority, have put that majority back in it’s place…majority back in it’s place…

Christopher Newfield, UCSBChristopher Newfield, UCSB Unmaking the Public UniversityUnmaking the Public University, 2008, 2008

ConservativeConservative

Disposed to maintain existing views, Disposed to maintain existing views, habits, conditions;habits, conditions;Resistant to change;Resistant to change;Opposed to change;Opposed to change;Reluctant to accept change or new Reluctant to accept change or new ideas.ideas.

Webster’s Third International DictionaryWebster’s Third International Dictionary

Their weapon has been the Their weapon has been the “culture wars” on both higher “culture wars” on both higher education and the progressive education and the progressive trends it fosters…and has led trends it fosters…and has led to the abandonment of to the abandonment of egalitarian and democratic egalitarian and democratic impulses…impulses…

Christopher Newfield, 2008Christopher Newfield, 2008

As more students of color and As more students of color and the poor have prepared the poor have prepared themselves for the themselves for the opportunities of state opportunities of state universities, those universities universities, those universities have become richer whiter and have become richer whiter and richer.richer.

Chronicle of Higher EducationChronicle of Higher EducationOctober 2008October 2008

The average institutional grant The average institutional grant to high income students is to high income students is largerlarger than the support offered than the support offered to their low income peers.to their low income peers.

Gene NicholsGene NicholsChronicle of Higher Education Chronicle of Higher Education October 2008October 2008

La lucha continua, siempre!La lucha continua, siempre!

When first admitted to EOP I had When first admitted to EOP I had mixed feelings and didn’t know if I mixed feelings and didn’t know if I should be embarrassed.should be embarrassed.

After experiencing a few days I not After experiencing a few days I not only felt proud to be admitted to only felt proud to be admitted to EOP, I felt it was a blessing….EOP, I felt it was a blessing….

Tirhas Yohannes, CSUN EOPTirhas Yohannes, CSUN EOP

I never cared about going to I never cared about going to college until I realized how hard college until I realized how hard the “real world” would be without the “real world” would be without an education. The EOP 4 Bridge an education. The EOP 4 Bridge Values—Values—respect, responsibility, respect, responsibility, attitude, maturityattitude, maturity—helped me —helped me succeed. Professor Omatsu succeed. Professor Omatsu helped me realize my potential.helped me realize my potential.

Solomon Miranda, CSUN EOPSolomon Miranda, CSUN EOP

The Ramirez FamilyThe Ramirez Family CSU Chico EOP CSU Chico EOP

1.1. Carmen—Civil EngineeringCarmen—Civil Engineering

2.2. Jesus—Mechanical EngineeringJesus—Mechanical Engineering

3.3. Francisco—Mechanical EngineeringFrancisco—Mechanical Engineering

4.4. Ignacio—Construction ManagementIgnacio—Construction Management

5.5. Teresa—Talent Search at UC BerkeleyTeresa—Talent Search at UC Berkeley

6.6. Lorena—completing a Master’s in PsychLorena—completing a Master’s in Psych

7.7. Augustin—”the baby” graduated in MayAugustin—”the baby” graduated in May

As long as education is As long as education is viewed as a contest between viewed as a contest between competing groups…competing groups…we will have problemswe will have problems. . Cookie NewsomCookie Newsom Director of Diversity Education & ResearchDirector of Diversity Education & Research University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Chronicle of Higher Education, January 2004Chronicle of Higher Education, January 2004

Not a “zero sum” game, Not a “zero sum” game, with with winnerswinners and and loserslosers….….

CompeteCompete

ComCom = together = togetherPetirePetire = to seek = to seek

Create Create UnumUnum from the from the PluribusPluribusOne One from thefrom the Many Many

EEducducateate

ducareducare—to lead—to lead

The majority of new students The majority of new students entering are underprepared for entering are underprepared for college-level academics. college-level academics.

But students are not alone; But students are not alone; colleges, too, are colleges, too, are underprepared…underprepared…

Most faculty have no particular Most faculty have no particular training to teach underprepared training to teach underprepared students.students.

Strengthening Pre-Collegiate EducationStrengthening Pre-Collegiate EducationCarnegie Foundation, 2008Carnegie Foundation, 2008

We build beautiful campuses,We build beautiful campuses,

We hire distinguished faculty,We hire distinguished faculty,

We develop a challenging We develop a challenging curriculum…curriculum…

then the “wrong” students show up!Dr. Betty Siegel, Past President

Kennesaw State University

Redefining “excellence…”Redefining “excellence…”

The New American University The New American University measures its academic quality measures its academic quality by the education its graduates by the education its graduates received rather than by the received rather than by the academic credentials of the academic credentials of the incoming freshman class….incoming freshman class….

ASU: A New American UniversityASU: A New American University

Many non-traditional students Many non-traditional students want their doubts erased about want their doubts erased about their being capable of learning….their being capable of learning….

This is especially true for first This is especially true for first generation students, Hispanic and generation students, Hispanic and African American students….African American students….

Laura Rendon, 1994Laura Rendon, 1994

Hope a better predictor of first Hope a better predictor of first semester college grades than SAT semester college grades than SAT scores.scores.

CL SnyderCL Snyder

University of KansasUniversity of Kansas

HOPE…HOPE…

believing you have the will and the believing you have the will and the way to accomplish your goals, way to accomplish your goals, whatever they may be.whatever they may be.

My first day, I looked around this My first day, I looked around this beautiful, lush, rich campus and beautiful, lush, rich campus and thought, “thought, “What the hell am I doing What the hell am I doing herehere?” It’s only a matter of time ?” It’s only a matter of time before they realize that I’m not before they realize that I’m not one of them. I am not rich. I don’t one of them. I am not rich. I don’t have a loving family to go home have a loving family to go home to on holidays. [Only] foster to on holidays. [Only] foster parents who don’t want me, a parents who don’t want me, a stepdad in prison, and a dead stepdad in prison, and a dead mother...mother...

And, I am not smart. I scored And, I am not smart. I scored 580 on my SATs….”580 on my SATs….”

Professor Tammy RamosProfessor Tammy Ramos BA and BS, St. Mary’s College of California BA and BS, St. Mary’s College of California JD, Notre Dame Law SchoolJD, Notre Dame Law School

Optimism a better predictor of first-year Optimism a better predictor of first-year college grades than SAT scores or high college grades than SAT scores or high school grades.school grades.

Martin Seligman Martin Seligman

University of PennsylvaniaUniversity of Pennsylvania

OPTIMISM…OPTIMISM…

Having a strong expectation that things Having a strong expectation that things will turn out all right, despite setbacks will turn out all right, despite setbacks and frustrations.and frustrations.

The next time you tell Tammy’s The next time you tell Tammy’s story, tell mine:story, tell mine:

I scored 700 on my SATs and I I scored 700 on my SATs and I have a Ph.D. in Biology from the have a Ph.D. in Biology from the University of California, Davis….University of California, Davis….

Dr. Robert Urtecho, DeanDr. Robert Urtecho, Dean

Reedley Community College (CA)Reedley Community College (CA)

EOP Success StoriesEOP Success Stories

Eric Guerra, Legislative Director, Eric Guerra, Legislative Director,

EOP Cal State SacramentoEOP Cal State Sacramento

Dr. Jamillah Moor, President, Dr. Jamillah Moor, President,

Los Angeles City College, Los Angeles City College,

EOP Cal State SacramentoEOP Cal State Sacramento

What you need to know about What you need to know about someone is whether s/he will keep someone is whether s/he will keep going when things get frustrating. going when things get frustrating.

Achievement is not just a function of Achievement is not just a function of talent, but also of the capacity to talent, but also of the capacity to stand defeat.stand defeat.

Emotional IntelligenceEmotional Intelligence

Goleman, 1995Goleman, 1995

There are within us There are within us seeds of who we seeds of who we might become.might become.

Thich Nhat HanhThich Nhat Hanh

The task of the excellent teacher is The task of the excellent teacher is to stimulate "apparently ordinary" to stimulate "apparently ordinary" people to unusual effort. The people to unusual effort. The tough problem is not in identifying tough problem is not in identifying winners: it is in making winners winners: it is in making winners out of ordinary people. out of ordinary people.

K. Patricia Cross, K. Patricia Cross, Professor of Higher Education EmeritaProfessor of Higher Education EmeritaUniversity of California, BerkeleyUniversity of California, Berkeley

There comes that mysterious There comes that mysterious meeting in life when someone meeting in life when someone acknowledges who we are and acknowledges who we are and what we can be, igniting the what we can be, igniting the circuits of our highest circuits of our highest potential.potential.

Rusty BerkusRusty Berkus

For all those whose cares For all those whose cares have been our concern…have been our concern…

the work goes on, the cause the work goes on, the cause endures, the hope still lives, endures, the hope still lives, the dream shall never diethe dream shall never die….….

Senator Ted KennedySenator Ted Kennedy