Breaking The Bottleneck: Feed-based Solutions to The Recurring Challenges in Aquaculture

M A Kabir Chowdhury, Global Technical Manager, Jefokchowdhury@jefo.ca

OUTLINE

Setting The SceneGlobal Aquaculture Global Aquafeed

The IssuesAquaculture Aquafeed

The SolutionsFeed Based AdditivesExample of A Weakness

The Final Words

SETTING THE SCENE

GLOBAL AQUACULTURE

GLOBAL AQUACULTURE – 5 YEARS AGOBACKGROUND

Tacon & Metian, 2015

TREND IN 2012

GLOBAL AQUACULTURE – DIGGING DEEPBACKGROUND

FIVE YEAR CAGR (%) OF GLOBAL FISH AND CRUSTACEAN PRODUCTION

10.2%

4.6%5.6% 5.2% 4.9%

0%

5%

10%

15%

1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

GLOBAL AQUAFEED – TRENDBACKGROUND

FEED USED BY SPECIES GROUP (MMT) IN 2015 - ESTIMATED

14.0

9.0 9.0

5.5 5.5

3.04.0

GLOBAL AQUAFEED

THE ISSUES -AQUACULTURE

ISSUES WITHENVIRONMENT

PUBLIC PERCEPTION

PERIODIC OUTBREAKSOF DISEASES

THE ISSUES -AQUAFEED

GLOBAL

TOO MANY SPECIES

LIMITED KNOWLEDGE

GLOBAL AQUAFEED – TRENDBACKGROUND

GLOBAL AQUAFEED - ISSUESBACKGROUND

RAW MATERIAL COST PRESSURE FEED QUALITY

ENVIRONMENT POOR GOWTH DISEASE OUTBREAKS

RAW MATERIAL

Good………. BUT

COST PRESSURE

COST PRESSUREISSUES

INPUT-OUTPUT PRICE CONVERGENCE

COMMODITY PRICE INDEX

FARMGATE SHRIMP PRICE (US$/KG)

The most efficient way availableto produce animal protein

The only industry can betruly pro-environment

The only industry that can meet the future need to feed the word

THE SOLUTIONS

FEED BASED ADDITIVESSOLUTIONS

BETTER ENVIRONMENT - Better nutrient digestibility – enzymes, phytogenic compounds, probiotics- Better water quality – activated charcoal, humic acid+

BETTER GUT HEALTH– acidifier, enzymes, phytogenic compounds, prebiotic, probiotic, toxin binder

BETTER IMMUNITY– all of the above

We need a much better understandings

EXAMPLE OF A WEAKNESS

AN EXAMPLE OF OUR WEAKNESS - ENZYMESFEED BASED SOLUTIONS

Prevailing philosophy –are they true?

HEAT STABILITYAN EXAMPLE – ENZYMES

MIXER COOKING/ CONDITIONING

PELLETING/ EXTRUSION DRYING BAGGING

IN THE GUT?AN EXAMPLE – ENZYMES

Shanghai Ocean University

Feed w Protease

OR IN THE FEED?

IN THE FEEDAN EXAMPLE – ENZYMES

Feed w Protease

A COMMERCIAL STUDY. FM – fish meal, kda – kilo dalton, SN – soluble nitrogen

DIGESTIVE ENZYME MYTHAN EXAMPLE – ENZYMES

Source: Li et al., 2015

TOTAL PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY (UNIT/MG PROT) IN THE HEPATOPANCREASOF PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMP FED DIETS WITH AND WITHOUT A PROTEASE

3665

3257

3768

HIGH FISH MEAL (HFM) LOW FISH MEAL (LFM) LFM + JEFO PROTEASE

DIGESTIVE ENZYME MYTHAN EXAMPLE – ENZYMES

Source: Li et al., 2015

TRYPSIN ACTIVITY (UNIT/MG PROT) IN PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMP FED DIETSWITH AND WITHOUT JEFO PROTEASE

4927

2106

4576

20% FM 10% FM 10% FM + JEFO PROTEASE

DIGESTIVE ENZYME MYTHAN EXAMPLE – ENZYMES

Source: Li et al., 2015

LIPASE ACTIVITY IN PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMPS FED DIETS WITHAND WITHOUT JEFO PROTEASE

23

8

16

20% FM 10% FM 10% FM + JEFO PROTEASE

WHAT IS THE ANIMAL RESPONDING TO?DIGESTIVE ENZYME MYTH

Source: Moss et al., 2011

DIGESTIVE ENZYME ACTIVITY IN PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMPS RAISEDIN CLEAN WELL WATER AND POND WATER

0

50

100

150

Cellulase

Well water Pond water

0

200

400

600

800

Serine protease Collagenase

Well water

WHAT IS THE ANIMAL RESPONDING TO?DIGESTIVE ENZYME MYTH

DIGESTIVE ENZYME ACTIVITY IN PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMPS RAISEDIN CLEAN WELL WATER AND POND WATER

Source: Moss et al., 2011

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Chitinase Acid-amylase Alkaline-amylase Lipase

Well water Pond water

THE FINALWORDS

SUSTAINABILITY ISSUESo Environmento Health & immunity

FEED BASED ADDITIVESo Acidifiero Enzymeso Phytogenic compound o Pre- and Pro-biotic

THE FINAL WORDS

INDUSTRY NEEDS TOCHANGEo Provide science-based information

o Education

o Prevent blind-use of additives

o Only use when needed with warrantyof positive results

THE FINAL WORDS

DIETARY ENZYMES…

There Will Always Be Challenges..

We Need to Turn These Challenges Into Opportunities for A Sustainable & Better Future