Post on 21-Dec-2014
description
The innovation in the plan of the current floor: Zoning in blocks of flats for the middle class in
the first half of the 20th century
Maria BOSTENARU DAN
ERGOROM ’99
and
“Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urban Planning
Overview
Introduction Research methodology
Originality and innovative nature of the project Timeliness of the project Research results
Romania Italy Greece
Conclusions
Introduction
Morphological elements of a system Container: the frame of spaces, related in
functional-spatial co-operation into the spatial structure (physical level)
Contents: activities (phenomenologic level) The activity dimensions a space Modern Movement: look for new housing
more solving of society problems than aesthetics
Introduction
1933 Athens Charter 1934 Master Plan in Bucharest
Reinforced concrete and flexibility – materials, multidisciplinarity
In this study: blocks of flats for the middle class – sociology of architecture
State of the art in research
Ákos Moravánszky: former Austro-Hungarian empire
János Bonta and John Macsai (Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland)
Richard Etlin, Annegret Burg (Novecento): Italy, Bruno Zevi and Daniel Libeskind: Giuseppe Terragni
State of the art in research
Horia Creangă, Marcel Janco centenaries, Duiliu Marcu own book
Last year: NEC seminar on Modernism in the Balkans, Rudolf Fränkel exhibition, urban route Marcel Janco (e-cart.ro)
Greek architecture in the 20th century (Savos Condaratos)
Research methodologyNr.
Objective Method Instruments
1 Documentation LiteratureFieldarchive
Check-listsPhotographyschemes
2 Comparison Comparison tree criteria
3 Model Systemic analysis Inventory of spacesProject management
4 Definition of the character of a zone
texture morphology
5 Characteristics to be maintained
Classification of elements Data tablesdrawings
6 Lessons learned Social participation indicators
7 Dissemination Public presentation Conferences, journals, web
Originality and innovation
Former studies: facade and style Fostering innovation in the employment of
construction materials, especially in housing construction
Switch of values: Novecento instead Italian Rationalism
Originality and innovation
Other Modernisms Difference Modernism – Avantgarde Multi-family condominium housing as field of the
modern architecture and not siedlungen as in classic modernism
Character of the zone Textures, human activities
Social purposes today: participatism, environmental problems
Timeliness of the project
Other focus than existing publications Comparative study of typologically related
buildings (architectural programme: block) not in geographically close areas
Lessons for restoration interventions today Lessons for new buildings
Research results: Romania
Impact of apartment buildings bigger than any other housing Strong economy, private enterprise Deviations from mainstream movement dicated by
the market Condominium, like in Greece, until today Double entrance
Ottulescu building: free plan in an apartment block
Research results: Romania
Romania
Research results: Romania
Elena Ottulescu building, architect Horia Creangă, 1934-35
Bedroom/ nightzone
Livingroom, includingdinning
Corridors/ circulationzone
Bathrooms, toillets
Kitchen
Hall / vertical circulation
Deposit / external circulation
Legend:
Research results: Italy
Two directions Rationalism (contextual Modernism)
Giuseppe Terragni Novecento
Decorative Geometrical
Novecento: function bound housing typologies, condominium
Zoning: function groups, double entrance
Research results: Italy Giuseppe Terragni - Como
Photos 2005
Research results: Italy Giuseppe Terragni - Milano
Photos 2005
Research results: Italy Novecento
Photos 2007
Research results: Italy Novecento
Photos 2007
Research results: Italy Novecento
Building in Via Domenichino, architects Lancia şi Ponti1928-30
Living room, dinning
Bathroom, toilets
Kitchen
Hall
Corridors / circulation zone
Deposit
Bedroom / Night zone
Research results: Greece 1929 – ownership system for multistorey
apartments Housing in private hand, seen to be unique, but
similar to Romania and Portugal Training in Germany, little in France zonation
Zaimi and Stournary street example: „ressemble Italian rationalism“ – to be investigated
Double entrance
Research results: GreecePhotos 2005
Greece
Bedroom/ nightzone
Livingroom, includingdinning
Corridors/ circulationzone
Bathrooms, toillets
Kitchen
Hall / vertical circulation
Deposit / external circulation
Legend:
building on Zaimi and Stournari streets, architects Valentis and Michailidis, 1933 – 1934
Discussion
Seismic vulnerability: Flexibility of RC, irregular parcels Irregularity of plan
Integrate modern buildings into city routes across Europe (Bucharest, Ivrea, Ljubljana)
Retrofit and restoration More aging restoration at Rationalism than Novecento Example for social multifamily: Germany
Discussion
Discussion
Discussion Social block housing in Vienna, Austria
(photos 2009)
Discussion
Social block housing in Germany (photos 2002)
Conclusions
PIANO project set-up and first results Other modernisms: social housing in the
West, rapid economic development in Bucharest, Athens, Milan but also Lisbon
Break with single family housing Reinforced concrete: subject of another
paper
Acknowledgements
PIANO project
MERG-CT-2007-200636European Commission (Marie Curie)
Thank you for your attention