BLOOD TYPES

An Example of Inheritance with Multiple AllelesModule 10 – GeneticsEssential Standard Bio.3.2.2

BLOOD TYPESThe ABO blood group is an example of a

single gene that has multiple alleles in humans.Multiple Alleles = more than 2 forms of the

gene.There are 3 possible alleles for this gene:

A, B, and o.Remember that each person only has 2 alleles.A and B are codominant, and o is recessive.

BLOOD TYPES

A and B are 2 different molecules found on the outside of red blood cells.

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/traits/blood/

BLOOD TYPE CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype

)

Surface Molecules

Alleles (Genotype)

Type A

Type B

Type AB

Type O

BLOOD TYPE CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype

)

Surface Molecules

Alleles (Genotype)

Type A A

Type B

Type AB

Type O

BLOOD TYPE CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype

)

Surface Molecules

Alleles (Genotype)

Type A A

Type B B

Type AB

Type O

BLOOD TYPE CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype

)

Surface Molecules

Alleles (Genotype)

Type A A

Type B B

Type AB A and B

Type O

BLOOD TYPE CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype

)

Surface Molecules

Alleles (Genotype)

Type A A

Type B B

Type AB A and B

Type O None

BLOOD TYPE CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype

)

Surface Molecules

Alleles (Genotype)

Type A A AA or Ao

Type B B

Type AB A and B

Type O None

BLOOD TYPE CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype

)

Surface Molecules

Alleles (Genotype)

Type A A AA or Ao

Type B B BB or Bo

Type AB A and B

Type O None

BLOOD TYPE CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype

)

Surface Molecules

Alleles (Genotype)

Type A A AA or Ao

Type B B BB or Bo

Type AB A and B AB

Type O None

BLOOD TYPE CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype

)

Surface Molecules

Alleles (Genotype)

Type A A AA or Ao

Type B B BB or Bo

Type AB A and B AB

Type O None oo

BLOOD TYPES

Doctors need to determine blood type before a person can get a blood transfusion because the red blood cells of incompatible blood types could clump together, causing death.

BLOOD COMPATIBILITY CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype)

Type A

Type B

Type AB

Type O

BLOOD COMPATIBILITY CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype)

Compatible Blood Types for

Transfusions

Type A

Type B

Type AB

Type O

BLOOD COMPATIBILITY CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype)

Compatible Blood Types for

Transfusions

Type A Type A or Type O

Type B

Type AB

Type O

BLOOD COMPATIBILITY CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype)

Compatible Blood Types for

Transfusions

Type A Type A or Type O

Type B Type B or Type O

Type AB

Type O

BLOOD COMPATIBILITY CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype)

Compatible Blood Types for

Transfusions

Type A Type A or Type O

Type B Type B or Type O

Type ABType AB, Type A, Type

B, or Type O(Universal Recipient)

Type O

BLOOD COMPATIBILITY CHART

Blood Type (Phenotype)

Compatible Blood Types for

Transfusions

Type A Type A or Type O

Type B Type B or Type O

Type ABType AB, Type A, Type

B, or Type O(Universal Recipient)

Type OType O

(Universal Donor)

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #1

Mom has blood type B and Dad has blood type AB. What is the chance their child will have blood type B?

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #1

Mom has blood type B and Dad has blood type AB. What is the chance their child will have blood type B?

Dad

A

B

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #1

Mom has blood type B and Dad has blood type AB. What is the chance their child will have blood type B?

Mom

B ?

Dad

A

B

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #1

Mom has blood type B and Dad has blood type AB. What is the chance their child will have blood type B?

Mom

B ?

Dad

A A

B

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #1

Mom has blood type B and Dad has blood type AB. What is the chance their child will have blood type B?

Mom

B ?

Dad

A AB

B

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #1

Mom has blood type B and Dad has blood type AB. What is the chance their child will have blood type B?

Mom

B ?

Dad

A AB

B B

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #1

Mom has blood type B and Dad has blood type AB. What is the chance their child will have blood type B?

Mom

B ?

Dad

A AB

B BB

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #1

Mom has blood type B and Dad has blood type AB. What is the chance their child will have blood type B?

Mom

B ?

Dad

A AB A

B BB

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #1

Mom has blood type B and Dad has blood type AB. What is the chance their child will have blood type B?

Mom

B ?

Dad

A AB A?

B BB

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #1

Mom has blood type B and Dad has blood type AB. What is the chance their child will have blood type B?

Mom

B ?

Dad

A AB A?

B BB B

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #1

Mom has blood type B and Dad has blood type AB. What is the chance their child will have blood type B?

Mom

B ?

Dad

A AB A?

B BB B?

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #1

Mom has blood type B and Dad has blood type AB. What is the chance their child will have blood type B?

Mom

B ?

Dad

A AB A?

B BB B?

½ chance of type B

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #2

Mom has blood type A and her child has blood type B. Could the father have blood type O?

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #2

Mom has blood type A and her child has blood type B. Could the father have blood type O?The answer is NO. The child had to have inherited the B allele from their real father; the type O man just has oo so he could not be the father.

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #2

Mom has blood type A and her child has blood type B. Could the father have blood type O?The answer is NO. The child had to have inherited the B allele from their real father; the type O man just has oo so he could not be the father.

This example comes from a true case in the 1940s involving the film star Charlie Chaplin.

http://www.cosmomovieawards.com/actors/charlie_chaplin.html