BloodChapter 9Section 1

1. Functions of Blood 1. carries oxygen from lungs to body cells

and carries carbon dioxide from body cells to lungs to be exhaled

2. carries waste products from cells to kidneys

3. transports nutrients and other substances to body cells

4. cells and molecules in blood fight infections and help heal wounds

2. Blood

-tissue made of plasma, red and white blood cells, and platelets

- makes up 8% of body’s total mass

Parts of Blood

Plasma – liquid part of blood made up mostly

of water. Nutrients, minerals, and oxygen

are dissolved here. Wastes are carried away

in the plasma

White blood cells – cells that destroy

bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances;

Parts of Blood

Red blood cells – they contain hemoglobin.

Oxygen and carbon dioxide attaches to the

hemoglobin, and is carried throughout the body.

Platelets – help stop bleeding by clotting

7. Steps in Blood Clotting

1. Platelets and clotting factors in your blood make a

blood clot that plugs the wounded blood vessels

2. Platelets stick to the wound and fibrin creates a

threadlike, sticky net to trap blood cells and plasma to

form a clot

3. The clot hardens to form a scab

7. Steps in Blood Clotting…continued

4. Under the scab, skin cells begin repairing underneath

5. Bacteria that get under the wound during healing are

usually destroyed by white blood cells

8. Hemophilia

• genetic condition where a person lacks a clotting

factor that begins the clotting process

• person could bleed to death from a minor wound

8. Why is knowing your blood type important?

• In case of a blood transfusion, the Dr. needs to the

right type of blood to be given, or the blood cells will

clump together

• Clots then form in the blood vessels and the person

could die, because antibodies try to destroy the

foreign antigen

9.Blood Types

• People inherit 4 types of blood - A,B, AB, O

• A, B, and AB have antigens on their red blood cells

• O red blood cells have no antigens

10. Rh Factor

• People inherit 2 types of Rh factors – Rh+, Rh-

• If the Rh factor is present, then the blood is Rh+, if it

is absent, then it’s Rh-

• If an Rh- mother is pregnant, then she can make

antibodies against her Rh+ baby during pregnancy

11. Anemia (a blood disease)

• body tissues cannot get

enough oxygen and are

unable to carry on their usual

activities

• Caused by loss of blood, lack

of iron, or are inherited by

the shape of red blood cells

(sickle-cell anemia)

12. Leukemia (another blood disease)

• One type of white blood cells are made in excess and

cannot fight infections, these crowd out healthy cells

• low red blood cell count, normal white blood cell and

platelet count

• Can affect children, but more common in adults

• Treated by medicine, blood transfusions, and bone

marrow transplants