Post on 06-Aug-2020
BIOMASSBIOMASS
World total World total EnergyEnergy SupplySupply
Global Global WarmingWarming
WhatWhat is a Biofuelis a Biofuel
Solid Solid biomassbiomass and animal and animal productsproductsGas/Gas/LiquidsLiquids from from BiomassBiomassMunicipal Municipal wastewasteIndustrial Industrial wastewasteAgricultural wasteAgricultural wasteDedicatedDedicated energyenergy plantsplants
BiomassBiomass utilisationutilisation
Forest Forest industryindustry sectorsector (Black (Black liquor+otherliquor+otherbiomassbiomass))DistrictDistrict heatingheating sectorsector in Sweden, (25 in Sweden, (25 TWh 2000. 4 TWh 2000. 4 timestimes increaseincrease sincesince 1990)1990)Single Single familyfamily houseshouses (Wood logs)(Wood logs)Biogas Biogas
Black Black LiquorLiquor GasificationGasification
ContentContent
Black Black LiquorLiquorRecoveryRecovery boilersboilersGasificationGasification of Black of Black LiquorLiquorBlack Black LiquorLiquor as as AutomotiveAutomotive fuelfuelOngoingOngoing research at LTUresearch at LTU
Black Black LiquorLiquor in in perspectiveperspective
ProductProduct MtonMton//yearyear FuelFuel MtonsMtons//yearyearGrainGrain 13501350Iron/SteelIron/Steel 810810SaltSalt 120120MilkMilk 419419PotatoesPotatoes 220220Black Black LiquorLiquor 150150SugarSugar 50
OilOil 38003800CoalCoal 22002200GasGas 18501850GasolineGasoline 10001000Black Black LiquorLiquor 150150
50
Black Black LiquorLiquor in the in the ””Chemical Chemical worldworld””
ConstituentsConstituents of of SodiumSodium NaOHNaOH, Na, Na22S, NaS, Na22COCO33, , NaNa22SOSO44TypicalTypical ElementaryElementary AnalysisAnalysis
CC 39%39%HH 4%4%OO 34%34%NaNa 19%19%SS 4%4%
WhereWhere doesdoes black black liquorliquor come come from ?from ?
Black liquor is produced in the pulping Black liquor is produced in the pulping processprocessWhite liquor is used as cooking liquid. White liquor is used as cooking liquid. Organic material is dissolved into the Organic material is dissolved into the white liquor to produce black liquorwhite liquor to produce black liquorImportant to recover the black liquor Important to recover the black liquor because there are no other utilisation because there are no other utilisation areas of interestareas of interest
ContentContent
Black Black LiquorLiquorRecoveryRecovery boilersboilersGasificationGasification of Black of Black LiquorLiquorBlack Black LiquorLiquor as as AutomotiveAutomotive fuelfuelOngoingOngoing research at LTUresearch at LTU
RecoveryRecovery BoilersBoilers
Pulp
BlackLiquor
RecoveryBoiler
Digester
White Liquor
Wood chips
Caustizisation
Green Liquor
Steam
Steam Turbine
ContentContent
Black Black LiquorLiquorRecoveryRecovery boilersboilersGasificationGasification of Black of Black LiquorLiquorBlack Black LiquorLiquor as as AutomotiveAutomotive fuelfuelOngoingOngoing research at LTUresearch at LTU
GasificationGasification of Black of Black LiquorLiquor
GASIFIER
Green Liquor
Flue gases
Gas TurbineSteam generator
Steam Turbine
Steam
Exhaust gases
BlackLiquor
EstimatedEstimated Black Black LiquorLiquor ProductionProduction
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025
Bla
ck L
iquo
r as
Dry
Sol
ids
(Mto
n)
0.0
0.6
1.2
1.8
2.4
3.0
3.6
App
rox.
Ene
rgy
Con
tent
, LHV
(EJ)
South AmericaOceaniaNorth AmericaEuropeAsiaAfrica
Japan50 TWh
South America44 TWh
Sweden39 TWh
World~ 600 TWh
ASIA80 TWh
Europe120 TWh
North America350 TWh
Electric Power Potential from Electric Power Potential from GasificationGasification
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
Elec
tric
ity G
ener
ated
(TW
h)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20Max Potential BLGCC
Max Potential New Recovery Boilers
Current Recovery Boilers
Max potential BLGCC
Max potential for new Recovery boilers
Existing Recovery boilers
BenefitsBenefits from BL from BL gasificationgasification
IncreasedIncreased electricityelectricity supplysupply: 1000 MW: 1000 MW
ApproximatelyApproximately 600 600 RecoveryRecovery Boilers in the Boilers in the world today: Investment in order of world today: Investment in order of 1 billion SEK1 billion SEK
ContentContent
Black Black LiquorLiquorRecoveryRecovery boilersboilersGasificationGasification of Black of Black LiquorLiquorBlack Black LiquorLiquor as as AutomotiveAutomotive fuelfuelOngoingOngoing research at LTUresearch at LTU
Black Black LiquorLiquor as as AutomotiveAutomotive FuelFuel
Gas TurbineSteam generator
Steam Turbine
Steam
Exhaust gases
GASIFIER
Green Liquor
Flue gases
BlackLiquor Chemical Synthesis
Automotive FuelsH2, DME, Methanol
Schematic of a methanol/DME Schematic of a methanol/DME production plant production plant
Biofuel
Districtheating
DistillationGas coolerand cleanerGasifying
Air/oxygen
CO2 shift Methanolsynthesis
Methanol/DME
Drying
Biofuel
Districtheating
DistillationGas coolerand cleanerGasifying
Air/oxygen
CO2 shift Methanolsynthesis
Methanol/DME
Drying
Black Black LiquorLiquor as as AutomotiveAutomotive fuelfuel
Black Liquor Energy
39 TWh
20 TWh
DME
24 TWh
Hydrogen
20 TWh
Methanol
20 TWh 20 TWh correspondscorresponds to 25% to to 25% to SwedenSweden’’ssdemanddemand of of automotiveautomotive fuelsfuels yearyear 20002000
ContentContent
Black Black LiquorLiquorRecoveryRecovery boilersboilersGasificationGasification of Black of Black LiquorLiquorBlack Black LiquorLiquor as as AutomotiveAutomotive fuelfuelResearch at LTUResearch at LTU
Research at LTUResearch at LTU
EightEight subprojectssubprojects in in cooperationcooperation with ETC, with ETC, UmeUmeåå, Chalmers and LTU, Chalmers and LTUDP1 under DP1 under constructionconstruction in Pitein Piteåå
The The ””ChemrecChemrec--processprocess””
FlowFlow entrainedentrainedreactorreactorHigh High temperaturetemperaturegasificationgasification
The The QuenchQuench
Green liquor
Primary quench
Weak wash
Cooling ring
Gas to CCC
Secondary quench("bubble bath")
Water
Condensate
Gas from reactor
CFD SimulationsCFD SimulationsInlet Inlet
OutletOutlet
Green Liquor Green Liquor
CFD SimulationsCFD Simulations
Inlet Inlet
Greenliquor
CFD SimulationsCFD Simulations
Inlet
Outlet
Inlet
CFD SimulationsCFD Simulations
Outlet Outlet
Green Liquor
Inlet Inlet
Green Liquor
Particle size 3 mm Particle size 10 µm
ForecastForecast SwedenSwedenEnergy supply 2050
050
100150200250300350400450500
År 1995 År 2050 8Mt C
År 2050 4Mt C
TWh/
year
SpillvärmeVätgasSolenergiVindkraftBiobränsleOlja/KolGasKärnkraftVattenkraft
d