Presented by:Christine TrippChristy Munoz

Chelsea

What do these celebrities have in common with 5.7 million other people?

Bipolar DisorderA mood disorder involving manic episodes – intense and very disruptive experiences of heightened mood, possibly alternating with depressive episodes.

• At least half of all cases begin before a person reaches the age of 25

Manic Episode

Criteria for a manic episode are a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased activity or energy, lasting at least 1 week and present most of the day, nearly every day (or any duration if hospitalization is necessary.

Symptoms of a Manic Episode

• Inflated self esteem or grandiose

• Decreased need for sleep

• More talkative than usual

• Flight of ideas or racing thoughts

• Distractibility

• Increase in goal-directed activity or psychomotor agitation

• Excessive involvement in activities that have a high potential for painful consequences (shopping sprees, sexual indiscretions, etc.)

Major Depressive Episode

A period in which the individual experiences intense psychological and physical symptoms accompanying feelings of overwhelming sadness.

Categories of bipolar disorder

Bipolar I• One or more manic episodes

with the possibility, although not the necessity, of experiencing one or more depressive episodes

Bipolar II• One or more major depressive

episodes and at least one hypomanic episode

Hypomanic episodes have similar symptoms as manic episodes but last a shorter duration (< 4 days)

Rapid CyclingClinicians diagnose people as having rapid cycling if they have four or more episodes within the previous year that meet the criteria for manic, hypomanic, or major depressive disorder.

• Antidepressants, in addition to hypothyroidism and disturbed sleep cycles, can contribute to the development of rapid cycling

Treatment

Medications are most common treatment:• Lithium (most widely

prescribed)• Anticonvulsants• Antidepressants

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Electroconvulsive therapy (extreme cases)