Biology and YouBiology and You

Chapter 1Chapter 1

ObjectivesObjectives RelateRelate the seven properties of life to a the seven properties of life to a

living organismliving organism DescribeDescribe seven themes that can help seven themes that can help

you organize what you learn about you organize what you learn about biologybiology

IdentifyIdentify the tiny structures that make the tiny structures that make up all living organismsup all living organisms

DifferentiateDifferentiate between reproduction between reproduction and heredity and between metabolism and heredity and between metabolism and homeostasisand homeostasis

Key TermsKey Terms BiologyBiology CellCell ReproductionReproduction MetabolismMetabolism HomeostasisHomeostasis GeneGene

HeredityHeredity MutationMutation EvolutionEvolution SpeciesSpecies Natural Natural

SelectionSelection EcologyEcology

BiologyBiologyBiologyBiology is the is the study of lifestudy of life

What Does it Mean What Does it Mean to be Alive?to be Alive?

What does it mean to What does it mean to be alive?be alive?

Life is characterized Life is characterized by the presence of all by the presence of all seven properties at seven properties at some stage in an some stage in an organism's life.organism's life.

Seven Properties of Seven Properties of LifeLife

Cellular Cellular organizationorganization

ReproductionReproduction MetabolismMetabolism HomeostasisHomeostasis

HeredityHeredity ResponsivenResponsiven

essess Growth & Growth &

DevelopmentDevelopment

Unifying Themes Unifying Themes of Biologyof BiologyChapter 1 Section 1Chapter 1 Section 1

Cellular Structure & Cellular Structure & FunctionFunction

All living things are made of one or All living things are made of one or more cellsmore cells

A A cellcell is the smallest unit capable of is the smallest unit capable of all life functionsall life functions

ReproductionReproductionAll living things can All living things can

reproducereproduceReproductionReproduction is the is the

process by which process by which organisms make more of organisms make more of their own kindtheir own kind

MetabolismMetabolism All living things use energy All living things use energy

to grow, to move, & to to grow, to move, & to process informationprocess information

MetabolismMetabolism is the sum of all is the sum of all chemical reactions carried chemical reactions carried out in an organismout in an organism

HomeostasisHomeostasis All living organisms must All living organisms must

maintain a stable internal maintain a stable internal environment in order to function environment in order to function properlyproperly

HomeostasisHomeostasis is the maintenance is the maintenance of stable internal conditions in of stable internal conditions in spite of changes in the external spite of changes in the external environmentenvironment

HeredityHeredity All living things are able to All living things are able to

pass on traits to their offspring pass on traits to their offspring through through genesgenes that are passed that are passed from parent to offspring each from parent to offspring each generationgeneration

HeredityHeredity is the reason children is the reason children tend to resemble their parentstend to resemble their parents

EvolutionEvolution Change in the inherited Change in the inherited

characteristics of species over characteristics of species over generationsgenerations

InterdependenceInterdependence The organisms in a biological The organisms in a biological

community live & interact with community live & interact with other organismsother organisms

EcologyEcology is the branch of biology is the branch of biology that studies the interaction of that studies the interaction of organisms with one another & organisms with one another & with the non living part of their with the non living part of their environmentenvironment

ReviewReview

What are the 7 properties that all What are the 7 properties that all living organisms share?living organisms share?

What are the tiny structures that What are the tiny structures that make up all living things?make up all living things?

What are the unifying themes of What are the unifying themes of biology?biology?

Define homeostasis & metabolism & Define homeostasis & metabolism & describe their differences.describe their differences.

Biology in Your Biology in Your WorldWorld

Chapter 1 Section 2Chapter 1 Section 2

Think About It…Think About It…

In groups of 4In groups of 4 List five issues in the area of Biology List five issues in the area of Biology

that you believe are important in the that you believe are important in the world today.world today.

What is being done to solve or better What is being done to solve or better the issuesthe issues

Describe the steps you think might Describe the steps you think might be involved in a scientific be involved in a scientific investigationinvestigation

Scientific Scientific ProcessesProcessesChapter 1 Section 3Chapter 1 Section 3

ObjectivesObjectives

DescribeDescribe the stages common to the stages common to scientific investigationsscientific investigations

DistinguishDistinguish between forming a between forming a hypothesis & making a predictionhypothesis & making a prediction

DifferentiateDifferentiate a control group & an a control group & an independent variable from a independent variable from a dependant variabledependant variable

Key TermsKey Terms

ObservationObservation HypothesisHypothesis PredictionPrediction ExperimentExperiment

Control groupControl group Independent Independent

variablevariable Dependent Dependent

variablevariable TheoryTheory

Stages of Scientific Stages of Scientific InvestigationsInvestigations

ObservationObservation is the act of noting or is the act of noting or perceiving objects or events using perceiving objects or events using the senses.the senses. See, hear, taste, smell, touchSee, hear, taste, smell, touch

InferenceInference is a statement that is a statement that explains the observation.explains the observation. logical conclusions from premises logical conclusions from premises

known or assumed to be true known or assumed to be true

Inferences vs. Inferences vs. ObservationsObservations

WorksheetWorksheet

Stages of Scientific Stages of Scientific InvestigationsInvestigations

HypothesisHypothesis is an explanation that is an explanation that might be true– a statement that can might be true– a statement that can be tested by additional observations be tested by additional observations or experimentation.or experimentation. Educated guessEducated guess

Stages of Scientific Stages of Scientific InvestigationsInvestigations

PredictionPrediction is the expected outcome is the expected outcome of a test, assuming the hypothesis is of a test, assuming the hypothesis is correct.correct.

ExperimentExperiment is a planned procedure is a planned procedure to test a hypothesisto test a hypothesis

Structure of an Structure of an ExperimentExperiment

Control GroupControl Group is a group in an is a group in an experiment that receives no experiment that receives no experimental treatmentexperimental treatment

Independent VariableIndependent Variable is changed in is changed in an experimentan experiment

Dependent VariableDependent Variable is measured in is measured in an experimentan experiment

Scientific ExplanationsScientific Explanations

TheoryTheory is a set of related hypotheses is a set of related hypotheses that have been tested & confirmed that have been tested & confirmed many times by many scientistsmany times by many scientists Unites & explains a broad range of Unites & explains a broad range of

observations.observations.

Review of the Scientific Review of the Scientific ProcessProcess

Questions

Predictions & Hypotheses

Experimentation

Some hypotheses are supported

Some hypotheses are rejected

Related hypotheses are verified by many

Theory