Biology 314

Male and Female Reproduction Systems

Time Frame

Introduction Puberty for males and females (physiological

and psychological changes) Male reproduction system Female reproduction system Projects Test

Introduction

Informed decisions regarding your sexuality Puberty The physiological and psychological changes that

occur from childhood to adolescence Boys enter usually around 14; girls at 12 For boys, this means that their testicles begin

producing semen and they ejaculate during a wet dream or while masturbating

For girls this means that their ova have matured and are ready to be released and they begin menstruating

This means that you can create offspring

Physiological Changes

Males Voice deepens Grows body hair (armpits,

limbs, pubic area, chest etc.).

Genital organs undergo physical changes (enlarging of the testicles and penis)

Spontaneous errections Wet dream can occur Testicles start producing

sperm

Females Breasts increase in size Grows pubic hair and

underarm areas Hips widen Genital organs undergo

physical changes Begins her menstrual cycle

Psychological Changes

Males Physical attraction Sexual desire (libido)

Females Physical attraction Sexual desire (libido) Need for autonomy Sense of responsibility

regarding her ability to reproduce

Causes of Puberty

These changes are controlled by hormone secreting (released) glands.

A hormone is a chemical substance that is released into the bloodstream and stimulates the functioning of an organ

Can be thought of as a chemical messenger from one cell (or group of cells) to another

Pituitary Gland

Located at the base of the brain Secretes hormones regulating homeostasis Secretes two hormones directly related to

the onset of puberty: 1) FSH (follicle stimulating hormones 2) LH (luteinizing hormones) FSH and LH stimulate the ovaries to

secrete estrogen and progesterone and thus initiate the menstrual cycle

Which glands secrete which hormones in females?

Gland FSH LH Estrogen Progesterone

Hormone Pituatary Pituatary Ovaries Ovaries

Male Hormone

The hormones of FSH and LH are also secreted by the pituitary gland

The testicles are secreted by the hormone of androgens.

The most active of which is testosterone and is essential to the production of sperm

In women, the action of the pituitary hormones is cyclical. In men, the action of these hormones is contrast.

Male Reproduction System

The Male Genital

The Function of the Penis

The penis is the copulatory (union of the external sex) organ of the males. When the male is sexually aroused, the penis becomes erect and ready for intercourse. Erection is achieved because blood sinuses within the erectile tissue of the penis become filled with blood. The arteries of the penis are dilated while the veins are passively compressed so that blood flows into the erectile tissue under pressure.

Used for excretion of liquids as well as sexual intercourse

Path of Sperm to Ejaculation

Testicles - epididymes vasa deferentia ejaculatory ducts urethra outside the body

Ejaculation Animation; click here!

Female Genitalia

The main structures of the female genitalia include:

The genital passages or tracts The ovaries The genital passages include The Fallopian tubes The uterus The vagina

A picture is worth a 1000 words!

Solutions Stencil

1a) the ducts connecting the ovaries to the uterus?

The Fallopian tubes b) glands that produce the egg Ovaries C) place where the embryo (fertilization takes

place) and develops Uterus

Stencil Solution

D) pear shaped / many blood vessels / located in the pelvic area

Endometrium e) tube that receives the semen during

intercourse Vagina F) Place where fertilization takes place Ampulla

Stencil Solutions

g) Place where the fertilized egg is implanted Uterus h) structures that secrete hormones Ovaries

Sperm Meet Egg!

Cute Video – Click here

Fallopian Tubes