Exercise 11
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CS of Catharanthus roseus stem showing the node.
DICOT
Leaf trace - conduction of materials in the leaves, transport of materials
Leaf Gap - parenchyma. fcn: storage and support.
UNILACUNAR NODE.
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CS of Tradescantia stem showing the nodal anatomy
MONOCOT.
MULTILACUNAR TYPE
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Axillary Leaf or Leaf Branch.
STEM.
LEAF TRACE
Vascular Bundles. ATACTOSTELE.
Leaf Gap - parenchyma
Whole structure surrounding stem - LEAF SHEATH.
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EXERCISE 12
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CS of Aristolochia elegans mature stem showing medullary rays and crushed pith & phloem.
a.k.a. Dutchman's pipe
Cause of anomalous growth: Unequal activity of the cambium
crushed pith
medullary ray
crushed phloem
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ENDARCH
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BAST FIBERS - schlerenchyma
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CS of Bignonia javanica mature stem showing phloem panels
a.k.a. garlic vine
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Cause of anomalous growth: unidirectional growth the cambium.
MESARCH
Almost linear arrangement of vessels.
TYPE OF WOOD according to distribution of xylem vessels- DIFFUSED
PHLOEM PANELS
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BAST FIBERS cap form
BAST FIBERS band form
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BAST FIBERS cap form
BAST FIBERS band form
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CS of Bauhinia (Alibangbang) mature stem showing linear arrangement of xylem vessels.
Cause of anomalous growth: unequal activity of the vascular cambium.
DIFFUSED POROUS. MESARCH.
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crushed phloem
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CS of Bougainvilla spectabilis stem showing included phloem.
MEDULLARY VASCULAR BUNDLES. - bundles in the pith; significance: for greater transport system. therefore additional vascular structures.
Cause of anomalous growth: successive activity of the vascular cambium
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ENDARCH.
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EXERCISE 13
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CS of Pteris stem showing meristeles.
TYPE OF STELE: Amphiploic siphonostele.
leaf parenchyma - LEAF GAP.
PITH comprising parenchyma.
MERISTELE
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CASPARIAN STRIP. - structure, layer
ENDODERMIS - cell
PERICYCLE
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SECRETORY CELLS
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MESARCH.
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CS of Pteridium rhizome/stem showing polycylic stele.
DIVISION - Pterophyta
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endodermis, casparian strip.
pericycle
schlerenchyma - band of fibers.
parenchyma
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band of fibers.
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CS of Lycopodium stem showing plectostele.
plectostele - derived from actinostele.
** angiosperm organ that illustrates such arrangement - ROOT
VESSEL ELEMENTS instead of tracheids.
schlerenchyma - support.
ENDODERMIS (part of the cortex) origin: ground meristem
STELE. - encloses the vascular tissues.
PERICYCLE - origin: procambium.
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EXARCH.
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HAPLOSTELE. EXARCH.
CS of Selaginella stem
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EXERCISE 14
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CS of Ranunculus mature root showing tetarch
*to identify as YOUNG - no metaxylem vessels, xylem poles @ the periphery, large vessels at center.
*to identiify as MATURE - start of periderm formation.
WIDE CORTEX - for storage.
STARCH GRAINS. (pink)
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ENDODERMIS. CASPARIAN STRIP.
PASSAGE CELLS. parallel with xylem poles. easy entrance of food.
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CS of young Mongo root showing tetarch.
PARENCHYMA. not yet schlerenchyma
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VESSELS.
PERIDERM FORMATION - therefore breaking down of the structure.
CS of Mature Mongo Root showing vessels.
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LATERAL ROOT. from pericycle.
EXARCH.
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PERIDERM FORMATION.
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CS of Commelina benghalensis root showing polyarch
MONOCOT - polyarch. presence of pith.
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PITH.
EXARCH.
LACUNA
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CS of Zea mays root showing the polyarch formation.
vs. commelina: increase in the numbers of vessels, bigger pith, wider cortex
schlerenchyma
hypodermis.
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schlerenchyma
OUTER HYPODERMIS & INNER ENDODERMIS
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CS of old Pinus root showing secondary growth.
tracheids.
xylem ray.
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RESIN DUCT - secretes resin. Resin cells (casing cells) - "epithelium" of the resin canal.
casing cells
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CS of Tilia root.
PRIMARY XYLEM
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MATURE - presence of periderm
type of wood - RING POROUS.
ENDARCH.
POLYARCH.
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EXERCISE 15
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CS of Pinus insularis showing fascicle.
PINE MIDDLE - enlarged phyllode or petiole.
FASCICLE - LEAF BUD.
sunken stomata.
PLICATE MESOPHYLL. - folded or twisted
TRANSFUSION TISSUE -parenchyma - storage, tracheid - conduction
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CS of Cycas leaf showing midrib.
MIDRIB.
LAMINA.
ACCESSORY TRANSFUSION TISSUE.
LAMINA.
PALISADE
SPONGY.
BIFACIAL = DORSI-VENTRAL LEAF
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HYPOSTOMATIC
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CS of Zea mays showing lamina.
Bulliform cells - adaxial side.
cuticle.
bundle sheath.
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CS of Zea mays showing primary vein.
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CONVERGENT Mesophyll
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angular collenchyma
CS of Lilium sp. leaf showing primary vein.
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CS of Ixora coccinea showing midrib.
angular collenchyma.
secretory structures
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SECONDARY VEIN
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CS of Ficus elastica showing unifacial type
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MULTISERIATE - ADAXIAL
Ficus elastica midrib
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SYRINGA
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Laterally oriented vein. CS of Syringa.
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COMPOSITE Vascular Bundles.
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Laterally oriented vein.
SOURCES• Monique’s camera• Kuya YB’s multiply account– http://waybi0715.multiply.com/photos
• http://www1.fccj.cc.fl.us/dbyres/plants.htm
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