BC4. 7th century and Ezekiel

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The third of five sessions on the OT prophets at Bible & Culture 2010.

Transcript of BC4. 7th century and Ezekiel

↑ ↑ ↑ 767 740 732 Uzziah Jotham Ahaz

0 . . . . 760 . . . . 750 . . . . 740 . . . . 730 . . . . 720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670

Menahem Pekah Hoshea 752 742 740 732

↓↓↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 716 687 641 Hezekiah Manasseh Josiah

720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670 . . . . 660 . . . . 650 . . . . 640 . . . . 630 . . . . 620 . .

↑ ↑ ↑ 767 740 732 Uzziah Jotham Ahaz MICAH

ISAIAH

0 . . . . 760 . . . . 750 . . . . 740 . . . . 730 . . . . 720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670

Menahem Pekah Hoshea 752 742 740 732

↓↓↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

722: Shalmanezer Vdestroys Israel

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 716 687 641 Hezekiah Manasseh Josiah

720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670 . . . . 660 . . . . 650 . . . . 640 . . . . 630 . . . . 620 . .

↑ ↑ ↑ 767 740 732 Uzziah Jotham Ahaz

0 . . . . 760 . . . . 750 . . . . 740 . . . . 730 . . . . 720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670

Menahem Pekah Hoshea 752 742 740 732

↓↓↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 716 687 641 Hezekiah Manasseh Josiah

720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670 . . . . 660 . . . . 650 . . . . 640 . . . . 630 . . . . 620 . .

↑ ↑ ↑ 767 740 732 Uzziah Jotham Ahaz

0 . . . . 760 . . . . 750 . . . . 740 . . . . 730 . . . . 720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670

Menahem Pekah Hoshea 752 742 740 732

↓↓↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 716 687 641 Hezekiah Manasseh Josiah

720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670 . . . . 660 . . . . 650 . . . . 640 . . . . 630 . . . . 620 . .ISAIAH

MICAH

701: Sennacheribattacks Judah

↑ ↑ ↑ 767 740 732 Uzziah Jotham Ahaz

0 . . . . 760 . . . . 750 . . . . 740 . . . . 730 . . . . 720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 716 687 641 Hezekiah Manasseh Josiah

720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670 . . . . 660 . . . . 650 . . . . 640 . . . . 630 . . . . 620 . .

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 716 687 641 Hezekiah Manasseh Josiah

0 . . . . 760 . . . . 750 . . . . 740 . . . . 730 . . . . 720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670 . . . . 660 . . . . 650 . . . . 640 . . . . 630 . . . . 620 . .643: Amon

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 716 687 641 Hezekiah Manasseh Josiah

0 . . . . 760 . . . . 750 . . . . 740 . . . . 730 . . . . 720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670 . . . . 660 . . . . 650 . . . . 640 . . . . 630 . . . . 620 . . ZEPHANIAHZEPHANIAH

NAHUM

JEREMIAH

↑↑ ↑↑ 609 597 Jehoakim Zedekiah

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 716 687 641 Hezekiah Manasseh Josiah

720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670 . . . . 660 . . . . 650 . . . . 640 . . . . 630 . . . . 620 . .620 . . . . 610 . . . . 600 . . . . 590 . . . . 580 . . . . 570 . . . . 560 . . . . 550 . . . . 540 . . . . 530 . . . . 520 . .609: Jehoahaz

ZEPHANIAH

NAHUM

JEREMIAH

↑↑ ↑↑ 609 597 Jehoakim Zedekiah

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 716 687 641 Hezekiah Manasseh Josiah

720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670 . . . . 660 . . . . 650 . . . . 640 . . . . 630 . . . . 620 . .620 . . . . 610 . . . . 600 . . . . 590 . . . . 580 . . . . 570 . . . . 560 . . . . 550 . . . . 540 . . . . 530 . . . . 520 . . ZEPHANIAH

NAHUM

JEREMIAH

↑↑ ↑↑ 609 597 Jehoakim Zedekiah

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 716 687 641 Hezekiah Manasseh Josiah

720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670 . . . . 660 . . . . 650 . . . . 640 . . . . 630 . . . . 620 . .620 . . . . 610 . . . . 600 . . . . 590 . . . . 580 . . . . 570 . . . . 560 . . . . 550 . . . . 540 . . . . 530 . . . . 520 . . ZEPHANIAH

NAHUM

JEREMIAH

612: Nabopolassar of Babylon defeated

Assyria

HABAKKUK

↑↑ ↑↑ 609 597 Jehoakim Zedekiah

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 716 687 641 Hezekiah Manasseh Josiah

720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670 . . . . 660 . . . . 650 . . . . 640 . . . . 630 . . . . 620 . .620 . . . . 610 . . . . 600 . . . . 590 . . . . 580 . . . . 570 . . . . 560 . . . . 550 . . . . 540 . . . . 530 . . . . 520 . . ZEPHANIAH

NAHUM

JEREMIAH

DANIEL

605: Nebuchadnezzar defeats Assyria/Egypt at

Battle of Carcemish

HABAKKUK

This segment covers 605-594 BC

•Battle of Carcemish•Accession of

Nebuchadnezzar•Appointment of

Zedekiah • Judean exile

Babylonian Chronicle

Babylonian empire

Ishtar gate

Ishtar Gate

Ishtar Gate

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 716 687 641 Hezekiah Manasseh Josiah

720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670 . . . . 660 . . . . 650 . . . . 640 . . . . 630 . . . . 620 . . ↑↑ ↑↑ 609 597 Jehoakim Zedekiah

620 . . . . 610 . . . . 600 . . . . 590 . . . . 580 . . . . 570 . . . . 560 . . . . 550 . . . . 540 . . . . 530 . . . . 520 . . ZEPHANIAH

NAHUM

JEREMIAH

HABAKKUK

DANIELDANIEL

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 716 687 641 Hezekiah Manasseh Josiah

720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670 . . . . 660 . . . . 650 . . . . 640 . . . . 630 . . . . 620 . . ↑↑ ↑↑ 609 597 Jehoakim Zedekiah

620 . . . . 610 . . . . 600 . . . . 590 . . . . 580 . . . . 570 . . . . 560 . . . . 550 . . . . 540 . . . . 530 . . . . 520 . . ZEPHANIAH

NAHUM

JEREMIAH

DANIELDANIEL

597: Babylonians besiege Jerusalem

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 716 687 641 Hezekiah Manasseh Josiah

720 . . . . 710 . . . . 700 . . . . 690 . . . . 680 . . . . 670 . . . . 660 . . . . 650 . . . . 640 . . . . 630 . . . . 620 . . ↑↑ ↑↑ 609 597 Jehoakim Zedekiah

620 . . . . 610 . . . . 600 . . . . 590 . . . . 580 . . . . 570 . . . . 560 . . . . 550 . . . . 540 . . . . 530 . . . . 520 . . ZEPHANIAH

NAHUM

JEREMIAH

DANIELDANIEL

597: Babylonians besiege Jerusalem

597: Jehoiachin

620 . . . . 610 . . . . 600 . . . . 590 . . . . 580 . . . . 570 . . . . 560 . . . . 550 . . . . 540 . . . . 530 . . . . 520 . . DANIEL

JEREMIAHJEREMIAH

EZEKIEL

↑↑ ↑↑ 609 597 Jehoakim Zedekiah

620 . . . . 610 . . . . 600 . . . . 590 . . . . 580 . . . . 570 . . . . 560 . . . . 550 . . . . 540 . . . . 530 . . . . 520 . . DANIEL

JEREMIAHJEREMIAH

EZEKIEL

↑↑ ↑↑ 609 597 Jehoakim Zedekiah

587: Babylonians destroy Jerusalem

620 . . . . 610 . . . . 600 . . . . 590 . . . . 580 . . . . 570 . . . . 560 . . . . 550 . . . . 540 . . . . 530 . . . . 520 . . DANIEL DANIEL

HAGGAI

ZECHARIAH

. . . 510 . . . . 500 . . . . 490 . . . . 480 . . . . 470 . . . . 460 . . . . 450 . . . . 440 . . . . 430 . .

. . . 510 . . . . 500 . . . . 490 . . . . 480 . . . . 470 . . . . 460 . . . . 450 . . . . 440 . . . . 430 . .MALACHI

EZEKIEL

The importance of Ezekiel can hardly be overstressed.

Henry McKeating, Ezekiel

1What is the historical context?

Setting

30th year of Ezekiel’s life

… when he should have started as a priest

5th year of Jehoiachin’s exile = 593 BC

Six years before the fall of Jerusalem

5th day of 4th month = 31 July

Dates in Ezekiel

1:2

8:1

20:1

24:1

26:1

29:1

29:17

July 593

September 592

August 591

January 588

587

December 588

April 571

30:20

31:1

32:1

32:17

33:21

40:1

March 587

May 587

February 585

March 585

January 585

April 573

A people in exile

surrounded by pagan religion

cut off from the city

cut off from the temple

cut off from the land

experiencing God’s judgment

defeated + displaced

disillusioned + discouraged

Exile was not simply displacement from the land, but it was the experience of the end of creation, the exhaustion of salvation history, the demise of king, temple, city, land and all those supports which gave structure and meaning to life.

Walter Breuggemann, ‘Weariness, Exile and Chaos’

2How does the prophet present his message?

structure

I. Judgment on Jerusalem

4:1 – 24:27

II. Oracles against nations

25:1 – 32:32

III. Restoration

33:1 – 48:35

I. Judgment on Jerusalem

•The vision of God’s glory (1:1–28)

•Ezekiel’s commission (2:1 – 3:27)

•The coming fate of Jerusalem (4:1 – 7:27)

• Jerusalem’s sin; God’s glory departs(8:1 – 11:25)

•Reasons for the exile (12:1 – 24:27)

II. Oracles against nations

•Oracles against Ammon, Moab, Edom, Philistia (25:1–17)

•Oracles against Tyre and Sidon (26:1 – 28:23)

• Israel’s restoration (28:24–26)

•Oracles against Egypt (29:1 – 32:32)

III. Restoration

•Ezekiel call renewed (33:1–20)

• Jerusalem falls; oracles of salvation; vindication of Israel (33:21 – 37:28)

•God’s future victory over nations (38:1 – 39:29)

•God’s glory returns; a renewed city, temple and land (40:1 – 48:35)

genres

The vision of God’s glory

1:1–28

50

Majesty

Holiness

Glory

Activity

Awesomeness

Movement

Beauty

SplendourPower