Basic Washes Basic Washes in Denim in Denim

FabricFabric

Presented By:Presented By:Arooge FiazArooge Fiaz05-NTU-14905-NTU-149

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HISTORYHISTORY DenimDenim

Serge de nimesSerge de nimes

Serge-a kind of materialSerge-a kind of material

Nimes-a town in FranceNimes-a town in France JeansJeans

GenoaGenoa

Worn by Genovese sailors in Italy in 1500. Worn by Genovese sailors in Italy in 1500.

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DENIM WASHINGDENIM WASHING

Aesthetic finish Aesthetic finish Dry denim-Not washed after dyeingDry denim-Not washed after dyeing Washed denim-Natural distressing of dry denim Washed denim-Natural distressing of dry denim

is attempted to replicateis attempted to replicate

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WHEN IT STARTED?WHEN IT STARTED?

The concept of washing the Denim jeans was The concept of washing the Denim jeans was started by Jack Spencer for the brand Lee.started by Jack Spencer for the brand Lee.

Stone-wash was first started by Francois Stone-wash was first started by Francois Girbaud.Girbaud.

The concept of sandblasting was started in The concept of sandblasting was started in 1988 by a number of branded companies in 1988 by a number of branded companies in Italy.Italy.

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TYPES OF DENIM WASHESTYPES OF DENIM WASHES

1. Chemical washes1. Chemical washes

-  Denim bleaching-  Denim bleaching

-  Enzyme wash-  Enzyme wash

-    Acid wash-    Acid wash

2. Mechanical washes2. Mechanical washes

-  Stone wash-  Stone wash

-  Microsanding -  Microsanding 

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CHEMICAL WASHESCHEMICAL WASHESDENIM BLEACHDENIM BLEACH

Strong oxidative bleaching agent such as Strong oxidative bleaching agent such as sodium hypochlorite or potassium sodium hypochlorite or potassium permanganate.permanganate.

Bleaching methodsBleaching methods Bleaching effectBleaching effect

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Process cycle:Process cycle:

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Limitations:Limitations:

Process is difficult to control Process is difficult to control Problem of yellowing Problem of yellowing Required antichlor treatment Required antichlor treatment Causes corrosionCauses corrosion Harmful to human health Harmful to human health Source of environmental pollution Source of environmental pollution

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ENZYME WASHENZYME WASH

Application of organic enzymes Application of organic enzymes Easy to stop the action of enzymesEasy to stop the action of enzymes Environment friendly wash Environment friendly wash

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Limitations:Limitations:

Garment load size of the machine is limited.Garment load size of the machine is limited. Post treatment required.Post treatment required.More advantages than disadvantages:More advantages than disadvantages: Soft handleSoft handle More reproducible resultsMore reproducible results Increased lusterIncreased luster Less corrosiveLess corrosive Less damage to seamsLess damage to seams Less wear & tear of machineryLess wear & tear of machinery Applicable to cotton and its blendsApplicable to cotton and its blends

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  ACID WASHACID WASH

Pumice stones presoaked in Pumice stones presoaked in a solution of sodium a solution of sodium hypochlorite or potassium hypochlorite or potassium permanganate.permanganate.

Non-uniform contrast.Non-uniform contrast.

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Process cycleProcess cycle

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LimitationsLimitations  

Yellowing; residual manganeseYellowing; residual manganese

Remedy:Remedy:

Using ethelene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid Using ethelene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid as chelating agent. as chelating agent.

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MECHANICAL WASHESMECHANICAL WASHESSTONE WASHSTONE WASH

Tumbled with pumice stonesTumbled with pumice stones Variations in composition, hardness, size, shape Variations in composition, hardness, size, shape

and porosity make these stones multifunctional. and porosity make these stones multifunctional.

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Selection of stoneSelection of stone According to the end product & effect required.According to the end product & effect required. Large, hard stones last longer and may be suited for Large, hard stones last longer and may be suited for

heavy weight fabrics only.heavy weight fabrics only. Smaller, softer stones would be used for light weight Smaller, softer stones would be used for light weight

fabrics and more delicate items.fabrics and more delicate items. Stone wt. /fabric wt. = 0.5 to 3 /1 Stone wt. /fabric wt. = 0.5 to 3 /1

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LimitationsLimitations

Outcome of a load of jeans is never uniform.Outcome of a load of jeans is never uniform. Damage to wash machineries and garment due Damage to wash machineries and garment due

to stone to machine abrasion.to stone to machine abrasion. Increase in labor to remove stone particles from Increase in labor to remove stone particles from

finished garments.finished garments. Water pollution during disposal of used liquor.Water pollution during disposal of used liquor.

  

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MICROSANDINGMICROSANDINGThere are 3 ways for this technique: There are 3 ways for this technique: Sandblasting Sandblasting Machine sanding Machine sanding Hand sanding or hand brushing Hand sanding or hand brushing

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Used in various ways:- Flat surfaces (tables, ironing boards)- On the dummy (inflatable dummies, sometimes standing, sometimes flat, sometimes 'seated')- Various templates can be used to create a 3D effect

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SAND BLASTINGSAND BLASTING

This technique is based This technique is based on blasting an abrasive on blasting an abrasive material (mostly sand) in material (mostly sand) in granular, powdered or granular, powdered or other form through a other form through a nozzle.nozzle.

It is purely mechanical It is purely mechanical process.process.

It is a water free It is a water free process.process.

Variety of distressed or Variety of distressed or abraded looks possible.abraded looks possible.

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MACHINE SANDINGMACHINE SANDING

In this fabric treatment process, a In this fabric treatment process, a series of cylindrical rolls in a horizontal series of cylindrical rolls in a horizontal arrangement, either wrapped with an arrangement, either wrapped with an abrasive paper or chemically coated abrasive paper or chemically coated with an abrasive. with an abrasive.

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HAND SANDING OR HAND HAND SANDING OR HAND BRUSHINGBRUSHING

Use of sandpaper to Use of sandpaper to abrade surface.abrade surface.

Variety of looks and Variety of looks and designs can be designs can be created. created.

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WHISKERINGWHISKERING

Also known as Cat's Also known as Cat's Whiskers.Whiskers.

Crease lines around the Crease lines around the crotch. crotch.

Knee whiskers. Knee whiskers. Honeycombs. Honeycombs. Industrially done using Industrially done using

different techniques.different techniques.

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LASER ENGRAVINGLASER ENGRAVING

Uses a beam of light that Uses a beam of light that burns away the indigo burns away the indigo dye to produce a worn dye to produce a worn look. look.

Design can be placed Design can be placed anywhere on the jeananywhere on the jean

Different degrees of Different degrees of degradationdegradation

Less air contaminationLess air contamination Less wear & tearLess wear & tear Much fasterMuch faster

Thank You!!Thank You!!