Background

informationWarm-up activities

A. What idioms do Chinese people hav

e about time?

B. What are the major differences betw

een Chinese and western culture?

• Time works wonders.

• Time tries truth.

• Time is the best healer.

• Time and tide wait for no man.

• All time is no time when it is past.

What are the major differences between Chinese and western

culture

What are the major differences between Chinese and western

culture 1. ___________ is based on individualism.

2. _______________ adventurous and exploration based.

3. ____________ based on masses (collectivism).

4. _________ focuses on balance and mean.

5. ________ pays homage to heaven and earth

What are the major differences between Chinese and western

culture

What are the major differences between Chinese and western

culture

Attempting to resolve people and nature's relationship

Attempting to resolve people and nature's relationship

______ culture is based on science.______ culture is based on science.

________ attempts to fuse the human and 'heaven' as one.

________ attempts to fuse the human and 'heaven' as one.

What are the major differences between Chinese and western

culture

What are the major differences between Chinese and western

culture

To resolve people's relationship,To resolve people's relationship,

______ culture uses law. ______ culture uses law.

________ uses ethics and tolerance .________ uses ethics and tolerance .

What are the major differences between Chinese and western

culture

What are the major differences between Chinese and western

culture

To resolve human and spiritualism relationship,

To resolve human and spiritualism relationship,

______ culture uses 'god' and religion . ______ culture uses 'god' and religion .

________ emphasizes internal cultivation .________ emphasizes internal cultivation .

What are the major differences between Chinese and western

culture

What are the major differences between Chinese and western

culture

As to ways of expanding,As to ways of expanding,

______ culture expands and develop outwards.

______ culture expands and develop outwards.

________ expands internally rather than outwards.

________ expands internally rather than outwards.

A.Western culture is based on

individualism rather than on mass

(collectivism). For instance, in the US,

you always talk about individual rights,

instead of placing the whole society

above your own self. This is clearly

different in China where a country,

society or families are placed above

your own self.

What are the major differences between Chinese and western

culture

What are the major differences between Chinese and western

culture

B.Western culture is adventurous and

exploration based. Westerners like to

discover new things, invention and

expand outwards. For instance,

bungee jumping is considered

adventurous and common in western

culture, but you will probably find no-

one doing such a thing in China.

C.Western culture is based on

science, which attempts to resolve

people and nature's relationship.

D.West uses law to resolve people

and people's relationship. You can

never find 'law' well-established in

China. For 2000 years, China is a

land that's based on human

relationship rather than law.

E.West uses 'god' and religion to

resolve human and spiritualism

relationship. In case of problems

with your own self, you just pray to

god.

F. A culture that expands and develop

outwards.

A. A culture based on masses (collectivism). People placed country and family above their own self.

B. A culture that is based on humanism and people.

C. To resolve the relationship between man and nature, the Chinese attempts to fuse the human and 'heaven' as one ( 天人和一 ).

D. To resolve people and people's relationship, Chinese uses ethics and tolerance ( 中恕之道 ).

E. To resolve human and spiritualism, Chinese emphasizes internal cultivation ( 修身养性 ).

Chinese Culture

F. A focus on balance and mean. By 'mean', it means 'middle way'. You don't go into extremism. Peace is always honored.

G.Pay homage to heaven and earth, as well as bearing a remembrance to the homeland. ( 敬仰天地 , 思乡怀土 ) This was accorded to the fact that Chinese had been a farming civilization and therefore will be more prone to remember their land.

H. A culture that expands internally rather than outwards.

Some of the disadvantage of old Chinese

culture:

• Debase women and chauvinistic

• An over-emphasis on past history

instead of present (lacks

pragmatism)

Text Structure

• Question (Para.1)

• What are the two things Americans try to

save?

• Time and labor

Way 1Way 1

Way 2Way 2

Way 3Way 3

Way 4Way 4

The ways Americans save time include:

(Para. 2-7)They treat time seriously.

They do everything in a hurry.

They start talking business quickly.

They use modern devices to communicate with each other efficiently.

Conclusion: different ideas (Para.8)

To successfully solve a problemand to fulfill a job with speedis taken by ________ as a sign of

The _________ consider it

proper to _________________

Translation&

Paraphrase

1. Americans believe no one stands still. If you are not moving ahead, you are falling behind. (L1)

I. Paraphrase

①become bit by bit further behind ②(with) fail to produce sth. at the proper time

Americans think no one keeps

motionless, everyone moves and

advances. If you are not moving ahead,

you will become further behind. 

2. This attitude results in a nation of people committed

to researching, experimenting and exploring. (L2)

后置定语后置定语

As a result of this attitude, Americans tend to devote their time and energy to researching, experimenting and exploring.

①commit sb./sth. to (doing) sth.②commit oneself to sth. —devote to (doing) sth.

Practice

Decide your choice and tell why:

1. Everybody ______ on earth is pulled downwards

by the earth.

A. located B. locating

2. The gardens ________ with beautiful flowers

sparkled in the heavy dew.

A. crowding B. crowded

3. He didn’t wish it ___________ .

A. mentioned B. mentioning

B

B

A

3. They’ll miss the ritual interaction that goes with a

welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be a

convention in their own country. (L23)

They’ll be sad because they’ll not have the usual exchanges that go with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee. These exchanges may be a common and regular practice on similar occasions in their own country.

4. In the U.S., however, it’s taken as a sign

of skillfulness or being competent to solve a

problem, or fulfill a job successfully, with

speed. (L51)

In the U.S., however, if you can solve a problem or do a job quickly, you will be considered as a person having skill orability.

be able to do be able to do

1. We are slaves to nothing but the clock. (L5)

II. Translation

译文译文 ::只有时间才能支配我们。只有时间才能支配我们。

onlyonly

slave to drink; slave to money

more:more:more:more:

3. However, people are meeting increasingly on

television screens, conducting teleconferences

to settle problems not only in this country but

also—by satellite—internationally. (L40)

译文译文 : : 然而现在人们越来越多的是在电视屏幕上见然而现在人们越来越多的是在电视屏幕上见面，开电信会议不仅能解决本国的问题，而面，开电信会议不仅能解决本国的问题，而且还能通过卫星解决国与国之间的问题。且还能通过卫星解决国与国之间的问题。

伴随状语伴随状语

Word Using

fall behind sb./sth.(L1)(L1) ① become bit by bit further behind

e.g.e.g.

If you’re not moving ahead, you’reIf you’re not moving ahead, you’re falling behindfalling behind..

KeyKey

He’s been falling behind his group

members in English.

TranslationTranslation

他在英语方面一直落后于同组同学。

fall behind with sth. ② fail to produce sth. at the proper time

e.g.e.g.

fall behindfall behind with the rentwith the rent

KeyKey

I’mI’m falling behind withfalling behind with my work; I must my work; I must

try to catch up.try to catch up.

TranslationTranslation我工作拖下来了，我得想办法赶上。

to be slaves to… (L. 5) 受 ······ 支配

意志坚强的人主宰自己的人生，而意志薄弱者甘愿受命运摆布。

A man of strong will feels in control of his own life

while a man of weak will feels himself to be a slave

to his fate.

result in (L2)(L2) cause, have as a result, lead to

e.g.e.g.

The accident The accident resulted inresulted in the death of the death of two people.two people.

KeyKey

Acting before thinking alwaysActing before thinking always results inresults in

failing.failing.

TranslationTranslation做事不先考虑总是会失败的。

*result from —*result from —be caused by, because ofbe caused by, because of Nothing has resulted from his efforts.他的努力终成泡影。

account for (L6)(L6) ① give a satisfactory explanation for … e.g.e.g.

The man couldn’tThe man couldn’t account foraccount for the fact the fact that the money was found in his that the money was found in his house.house. KeyKey

Jenny had toJenny had to account account to her fatherto her father for for

every penny she spent.every penny she spent.

TranslationTranslation珍妮不得不向父亲说明每一个便士是怎么花的。

account for ②be a proportion of sth. e.g.e.g.

North Sea oil North Sea oil accounts foraccounts for a high a high proportion of our trade earningproportion of our trade earning..

KeyKey

GirlsGirls account foraccount for half of the class.half of the class.

TranslationTranslation女生占我们班一半人数。

*phrases: *phrases: on account of on account of 由于由于 ; on no account ; on no account 绝不；绝不； take actake account of = take … into account count of = take … into account 考虑到考虑到

count (L9)(L9) vi. If sth. counts, it’s important or valuable; vt. calculate e.g.e.g.

We want every minute to We want every minute to countcount..

KeyKey

Every minuteEvery minute counts counts before the exam.before the exam.

TranslationTranslation考试前，每一秒钟都很重要。

*phrases: *phrases: count in count in 把 …… 算入；把 …… 算入； count on/upon = rely on count on/upon = rely on 指指望；望； count out count out 逐一数出；逐一数出； count up count up 总计总计

convention (L24)(L24) n. customary practice 习俗，惯例 e.g.e.g.

ConventionConvention now allows women to now allows women to smoke in public.smoke in public.

KeyKey

It’s theIt’s the conventionconvention for men to wear for men to wear

suits on formal occasions.suits on formal occasions.

TranslationTranslation男子在正式场合穿西装是一种惯例。

much less (L28)(L28) still less, let alone and even less likely 更不用说 e.g.e.g.

They’re always short of water to drink, They’re always short of water to drink, much lessmuch less to bathe in. to bathe in.

KeyKey

The old man can hardly walk,The old man can hardly walk, much lessmuch less

run.run.

TranslationTranslation这位老人几乎不能行走，更不用说跑了。

given + noun (L35)(L35) = (given that clause) prep. taking into account

e.g.e.g.

Given Given her interest in children, her interest in children, teaching should be the right career for teaching should be the right career for her.her. KeyKey

Given Given their inexperience, they’ve done their inexperience, they’ve done

a good job.a good job.

TranslationTranslation考虑到他们缺乏经验 , 他们算做得不错了。

Cf.Cf.

GivenGiven that they’re inexperienced, that they’re inexperienced,

they’ve done a good job.they’ve done a good job.

be worthy of (L50)(L50) deserving 值得

e.g.e.g.

It seems as if the task were not It seems as if the task were not worthy of worthy of proper respect.proper respect.

KeyKey

He He is worthy ofis worthy of our praise.our praise.

TranslationTranslation他值得我们表扬。

QuestionQuestion

What What is worthy ofis worthy of your working hard?your working hard?

worth, worthy 句型差别

be worth + n. = be worthy of +n.be worth doing = be worthy of being donecf. of being done. sth. is worthy to be done.

Assignment

• Learn Section A with the help of the website.

• Finish the exercises to Section A