Adaptable Protection

Authors:Roy Moxley, Farel BeckerSiemens, USA

Texas A&M Relay Conference 2018

Constantly and/or Automatically Changing Settings

CRAZY

Renewables Impact Transmission and Distribution

Replacing Nuclear with Wind

High AvailabilityHigh InertiaDynamic Voltage SupportSignificant Fault Contribution

Non-DispatchableLow InertiaNo Dynamic Voltage SupportMinimal Fault Contribution

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Massive Wind Farms Installed and Planned for the North Sea

8 GW Installed and 2.9 Awaiting Installation

Loss of Northern Power Plant

Loss of 80% Power Transfer

Power Oscillation

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P=V1V2sinΘ/X

System Impact of a Line Trip

Loss of 50 MW Power Transfer

Loss of 13 MVar

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Power Plant Trip in Southern Area

Loss of about 600 MW

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Impact of System Changes On Protection Settings

Fault Duty – Overcurrent PickupCritical Clearing Time, Breaker Failure

Load Changes – Load EncroachmentOvercurrent Coordination

Load Balance – Islanding ConsiderationsPower Swing Settings

Real – World Distribution Example

Real – World Transmission ExampleNot Knowing Compromises Protection

A

B

C

10 kA

10 kA 10 kA

6 Ohms 4 Ohms

4 Ohms

Headlines Impact System Stability

Note the Concentration of Nuclear Plants along the West Edge and the SouthWest

Current Account Balance

2013 2023

Bulk Power Flows

Adjusting to Dynamic Load Limits

Changing Setting Groups and Files

In Service Application Considerations

Setting Groups and Setting Files

Loss of Protection during Group Change ?Time Required for Setting File Input ?Security of File Transfer

Time RequiredControl Center CalculationsData TransmissionTime inside relay

In Service Results

Setting Groups and Setting Files

No Loss of Protection during Group Change

Security of File Transfer

Time to Transfer and Implement New Settings File10 Seconds for Control Center Calculations and transmission1 second within the relay

SecurityEncrypted files to Station and to RelayBackup / Fallback Settings Always in Place

Questions

Author

Roy MoxleyPrincipal Power Systems ConsultantSiemens Industry, Inc. Mobile: (509) 288-0847roy.moxley@siemens.com

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