Jesse McCarthy

Arminianism, the English Civil War, and

Historiography

English Civil War

Monarch supreme governor of the Church of EnglandElizabethan Religious SettlementJames I vs. Charles I

Catholic and Reformed

Adiaphora

Nonconformity

Church of England

Absolute and Double Predestination

Preaching/word centered liturgy

Relatively tolerant of nonconformity

Connected to continental Reformed/Calvinist tradition

English Arminianism

English Calvinism

Conditional Predestination

Sacrament centered liturgy

Very intolerant of nonconformity

Reliant on monarchy

Redefinition of Puritanism

A Plea to An Appeale (1626) Ibis ad Caesarem (1626)

A New Gagg (1624) Appello Caesarem (1625)

Arminian Pelagian Semi-Pelagian Pontifician Arminian Lutheran pseudo-Lutheran Montagutian Roman Catholic PapistArian

War of Words

Acrimonious religious conflictArminianism major issue in English Parliament

1624-1629 and 1640 until execution of Charles I and William Laud

Massive religious unrest in Scotland and political unrest in Ireland

Arminianism becomes inextricably linked to monarchy

Politics

Stubborn and PigheadedSupport of ArminianismContinued conflict with

ParliamentExtraparliamentary rule

Personal ruleTaxation

George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham (1592-1628)

Charles I r. (1625 – 1649)

Francis Rous (1579-1659)

Richard Montague (1577-1641)

What was the English Civil War

Why did it happen?What role did religion play?What role did politics play?

Historiography

S.R. Gardiner, H.M. Treveylan British constitutional parliamentary

democracy History follows a predetermined pathProgressEnglish Civil War

Grasping despotic kings vs. heroic Parliamentarian champions of liberty

Puritan Revolution vs. Conservative Church

Whig

Christopher HillClass struggleProgressEnglish Civil War

Bourgeois revolutionPuritan revolution vs. Conservative Church

Marxist

Nicholas Tyacke, Conrad Russell, Sears McGee

ContingencyMost important causes lie in the years

immediately preceding the English Civil War not inevitable

Long term problems of English body politicCharles IInsurgent English Arminianism vs. Calvinist

Establishment

Revisionist