ARITHMETIC CIRCUITS IN CMOS

VLSI

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Half-adder symbol and operation.

Adders

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Half-adder logic diagram.

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Alternate half-adder logic networks.

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Full-adder symbol and function table.

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CPL full-adder design.

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Full-adder logic networks.

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AOI full-adder logic.

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Evolution of carry-out circuit.

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Mirror AOI CMOS full-adder.

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Transmission-gate full-adder circuit.

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An n-bit adder.

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A 4-bit ripple-carry adder.

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Worst-case delay through the 4-bit ripple adder.

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4-bit adder-subtractor circuit.

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A basis of the carry look-ahead algorithm.

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Logic network for 4-bit CLA carry bits.

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Sum calculation using the CLA network.

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nFET logic arrays for the CLA terms.

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Possible uses of the nFET logic arrays in Figure 12.18.

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Static CLA mirror circuit.

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Static mirror circuit for c2.

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MODL carry circuit.

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Propagate, generate, and carry-kill values

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Switching network for the carry-out equation.

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Manchester circuit styles.

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Dynamic Manchester carry chain.

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An n-bit adder network.

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4-bit lookahead carry generator signals.

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Block lookahead generator logic.

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Multilevel CLA block scheme for a 16-bit adder.

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64-bit CLA adder architecture.

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Carry-skil circuitry.

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A 16-bit adder using carry-skip circuits.

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A 2-level carry-skip adder.

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A8-bit carry-select adder.

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Basis of a carry-save adder.

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Creation of an n-bit carry-save adder.

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A 7-to-12 reduction using carry-save adders.

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Bit-level multiplier.

Multipliers

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Multiplication of two 4-bit words.

Multipliers (2)

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Shift register for multiplication or division by a factor of 2.

Multipliers (3)

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Alternate view of multiplication process.

Multipliers (4)

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Using a product register for multiplication.

Multipliers (5)

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Shift-right multiplication sequence.

Multipliers (6)

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Register-based multiplier network.

Multipliers (7)

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An array multiplier.

Multipliers (8)

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Modularized view of the multiplication sequence.

Multipliers (9)

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Details for a 4 x 4 array multiplier.

Multipliers (10)

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Clocked input registers.

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Initial cell placement for the array.

Multipliers (12)

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Summary of booth encoded digit operations.

Multipliers (13)

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