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General Elements ofGeneral Elements of
Architectural DesignArchitectural DesignDeveloped for the ChampaignDeveloped for the ChampaignCounty Early American HistoryCounty Early American History
MuseumMuseumBy Zachary D. CainBy Zachary D. Cain
AHTC ummer !ello"ship #$$%AHTC ummer !ello"ship #$$%
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&ntroduction&ntroduction
&n every type of house' there are many&n every type of house' there are manydi(erent types of architectural designdi(erent types of architectural designelements that are incorporated to created theelements that are incorporated to created the)nished product. The follo"ing *o"er*oint)nished product. The follo"ing *o"er*ointslide sho" "ill e+amine some of these ,asicslide sho" "ill e+amine some of these ,asicelements of architectural design and provideelements of architectural design and providevisual e+amples of the di(erent styles thatvisual e+amples of the di(erent styles that
have ,een used over time. -se yourhave ,een used over time. -se yourElements of Architectural Design GraphicElements of Architectural Design Graphicrgani/er to help you ta0e notes on thergani/er to help you ta0e notes on thevarious di(erent design elements.various di(erent design elements.
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Types of 1oofs Types of 1oofs
Houses have various di(erent roof2Houses have various di(erent roof2
top designs that are used to ,e ,othtop designs that are used to ,e ,oth
functional and visually appealing tofunctional and visually appealing tothe eye. Here are some e+amples ofthe eye. Here are some e+amples of
di(erent types of roof2top designs3di(erent types of roof2top designs3
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1oo)ng Materials1oo)ng Materials
4ust as there are various di(erent 4ust as there are various di(erent
types of roof2top designs' there aretypes of roof2top designs' there are
also di(erent types of materials thatalso di(erent types of materials thatare used to ma0e roofs ,othare used to ma0e roofs ,oth
functional and visually appealing.functional and visually appealing.
Here are some e+amples of roo)ngHere are some e+amples of roo)ngmaterials3materials3
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1oo)ng Materials1oo)ng Materials
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5alls and iding5alls and iding
There are many di(erent types of There are many di(erent types of
e+teriors that are used in thee+teriors that are used in the
construction of houses. !rom logs toconstruction of houses. !rom logs toconcrete ,ric0s' "alls and siding are notconcrete ,ric0s' "alls and siding are not
only used to 0eep out ,ad "eather andonly used to 0eep out ,ad "eather and
insects' ,ut also to sho" some aspectsinsects' ,ut also to sho" some aspects
of architectural design. Here are someof architectural design. Here are somee+amples of materials used for "alls ande+amples of materials used for "alls and
siding3siding3
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5indo"s5indo"s
5indo"s have al"ays ,een an important5indo"s have al"ays ,een an importantpart of many homes. !rom a sources forpart of many homes. !rom a sources for
allo"ing in natural light and a refreshingallo"ing in natural light and a refreshingsummer ,ree/e to a means of e+pellingsummer ,ree/e to a means of e+pellingnasty odors and smo0e from )res andnasty odors and smo0e from )res andstoves' "indo"s have an importantstoves' "indo"s have an important
function in the architectural design offunction in the architectural design ofmany homes. Here are some e+amplesmany homes. Here are some e+amplesof various di(erent types of "indo"s3of various di(erent types of "indo"s3
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DoorsDoors
Doors have long stood as the )rstDoors have long stood as the )rst
and most noticed part of a house.and most noticed part of a house.
!or this reason' many di(erent types!or this reason' many di(erent typesof doors have ,een designed andof doors have ,een designed and
used for ,oth a functional andused for ,oth a functional and
ascetic purpose. Here are someascetic purpose. Here are somee+amples of di(erent door designs3e+amples of di(erent door designs3
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*orches*orches
5hile the main function of a home is5hile the main function of a home isto ,e a place of safety and protection'to ,e a place of safety and protection'
many architects have alsomany architects have alsoincorporated a place "here peopleincorporated a place "here peoplecan sit outside and en6oy nature' "hilecan sit outside and en6oy nature' "hilestill having some aspect of protectionstill having some aspect of protection
from the "eather. ften "e refer tofrom the "eather. ften "e refer tothese areas as porches' "hich come inthese areas as porches' "hich come inmany di(erent architectural designs.many di(erent architectural designs.
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ther Detailsther Details
As one can see' houses have many di(erentAs one can see' houses have many di(erent
types of the same ,asic architectural designtypes of the same ,asic architectural design
elements such as roofs' doors' "indo"s'elements such as roofs' doors' "indo"s'"alls' siding' and porches. These elements"alls' siding' and porches. These elements
all serve the same functional purpose' ,utall serve the same functional purpose' ,ut
o(er di(erent visual and ascetic aspects.o(er di(erent visual and ascetic aspects.
Here are some other architectural designHere are some other architectural designdetails that are some times used in homedetails that are some times used in home
designs for visual and ascetic purposes.designs for visual and ascetic purposes.
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AssignmentAssignment
7o" that you have a "or0ing idea of the7o" that you have a "or0ing idea of the
various di(erent architectural designvarious di(erent architectural design
elements that are used in the construction ofelements that are used in the construction of
homes' you "ill use your 7eigh,orhoodhomes' you "ill use your 7eigh,orhood
&denti)cation 5or0sheet of General&denti)cation 5or0sheet of General
Architectural Design Elements to locate atArchitectural Design Elements to locate at
least t"o di(erent types of architecturalleast t"o di(erent types of architectural
designs for the follo"ing elements3 1oofs'designs for the follo"ing elements3 1oofs'
5indo"s' 5all8iding' *orches' Doors' and5indo"s' 5all8iding' *orches' Doors' and
ther Details.ther Details.