Antimicrobial Silver Fabric

ByAnjum HashmiMBBS,CCS(USA),MPHInfection Control DirectorMCH, Najran.

History •The use of silver for medical and therapeutic benefits dates back

thousands of years. •Romans were the first to note and document the “magical healing” powers of silver, and they use it to cover wounds.

•Cyrus the Great, in the 5th Century B.C., only allows his troops go to war if they were carrying water in silver utensils, something he knew would keep the water clean and safe.

History CONT

•At the start of the 19th century, silver was considered as the first antibiotic & silver foils were used as wound dressing.

•Today, silver is used for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties in healthcare products ranging from bandages to burn care treatments to catheters, medical stockings, diabetic stockings, anti-microbial and anti fungi underwear etc.

Mode of Action

Some examples of antimicrobial agents include: Metals and metal salts by deactivating

proteins Quaternary ammonium salts by damaging the

membrane N-Halamines by oxidation

Antimicrobial kills or inhibits microorganisms by: Cell wall damage Inhibition of cell wall synthesis Alteration of cell wall permeability Inhibition of synthesis of proteins & nucleic

acids Inhibition of enzyme action

Healthcare Acquired Infections (HAIs)•Healthcare Acquired Infections (HAIs), are

infections that appear after 48 hours of admission to a hospital or any healthcare facility. These are urinary tract, surgical site, lung and bloodstream infections.

•Despite the steps taken to reduce HAIs, they still remain one of the world's leading and most costly healthcare challenges.

•HAIs are extremely costly, in human and financial terms but all are preventable.

Cost of HAIs•The Human Cost

Each year, nearly 2 million1 patients in U.S. acquire HAIs, and nearly 0.1 million2 die as a result HAIs.

•70% of HAI is caused drug-resistant bacteria .

• 1,2 R. Monina Klevens, DDS, MPH, et al; Estimating Health Care-Associated Infections and Deaths in U.S. Hospitals, 2002; Public Health Reports, March-April 2007

Cost of HAIs cont•The Financial Cost

Hospital stays for patients who acquire a HAIs increase an average of 7-10 days, at an incremental treatment cost of over $30,000 per patient1.

•The total annual cost to the healthcare industry, is nearly $45 billion2.

•Again, much of which is preventable.

• 1. R. Douglas Scott II, Economist Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion National Center for Preparedness, Detection, and Control of Infectious Diseases Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;

• 2.The Direct Medical Costs of Healthcare-Associated Infections in U.S. Hospitals and the Benefits of Prevention, March 2009

Environmental Contamination.•Contamination of textiles in healthcare settings •A 2008 study1 for detecting the

contamination rate of privacy curtains, showed that "42% of hospital privacy curtains were contaminated with VRE (vancomycin resistant enterococci) and 22% with MRSA (methicillin resistant Staphylococcus

aureus)."

1 Infection Control Hospital Epidemiology 2008; 29:1074—1076

MDRO contamination is widespread on textiles. •A 2008 study1 on healthcare uniforms in a

550—bed general hospital showed that: ▫Up to 50% of uniforms used by doctors

and nurses are colonized by pathogenic bacteria.

▫Up to 28% of isolated pathogens are multidrug resistant.

1 M. Galuty, et al.; Clinical Findings, Healthcare Uniforms and Infections, Presented at the Infectious Diseases Society of America Conference, 2008

Cross-contamination of MDRO's from textile-to-human.

•A 2008 study for detection of contamination of hands from uniforms especially pockets showed, that pathogens were transferred to hands and MRSA contamination ranges 80.0%.1

• 1 Trillis F. Contamination of Hospital Curtains With Healthcare—Associated Pathogens. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. November 2008.

Bacterial Management of Soft Surfaces•Soft surfaces cover 90% of a patient's

contact environment, and are constantly exposed to bacteria between launderings.

•Due to this frequency of contamination, laundering of bed linens, scrubs, privacy curtains, patient gowns and divider curtains is insufficient to reduce cross-contamination.

•Hand hygiene is only effective until recontamination occurs—which happens immediately upon touching a contaminated soft surface.

Antimicrobial Textile is the answerAntimicrobial textile finishes must exhibit:

• Effective control of bacteria, molds and fungi.

• Absence of toxic effects for both the manufacturer and the consumer.

• Durability to laundering and dry cleaning.• No adverse effects on the fabric.• Acceptable moisture transport properties.• Compatibility with other finishing agents.• Easy application, compatibility with common

textile processing.

What is it X-STATIC ? • The X-STATIC fiber has a

layer of pure silver permanently bonded to the surface of a textile fiber. The process is such that the fiber, with its silver layer, retains traditional textile and tactile characteristics. It can be used in knits, woven and non- woven as a filament or yarn.

• X-STATIC offers all the benefits known to be inherent to pure silver, only in a new format: A textile fiber.

X-STATIC® - Pure Protection.

•Fibers are permanently bonded with a layer of 99.9% pure metallic silver. This silver layer is the key for powerful antimicrobial properties, as it creates an ionic shield that permanently inhibits the growth of bacteria and fungi.

•Broad-spectrum antimicrobial fibers are the right solution for long-term bacterial management for soft surfaces by eliminating bacteria on the textile surface, thus can reduce the risk of cross-contamination.

X-STATIC® - Pure Silver.Fabrics made with X-STATIC® fibers are flexible, with the natural look and feel of traditional textiles, while offering all the benefits of pure silver.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

•X-STATIC® is registered as antimicrobial agent by EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency).

• In addition to its use in healthcare settings, X-STATIC® is also used by-

•NASA for dresses under space suits. •Athletes in Olympics. •Military for uniforms. •Because X-STATIC eliminates 99.9% of

bacteria from the fabric, giving ongoing, comprehensive & proactive anti-microbial protection.

X-STATIC® Benefits:•Clinically proven efficacy.•Broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties.•Fast acting - up to 4-log reduction within

one hour.•Long lasting - continuous performance

until the life of the product.•Safe – No chemical treatment. No nanotechnology. No bacterial resistance issues. Non-toxic.

Research Studies CLINICAL STUDY on Privacy Curtains

•"MRSA contamination was found 63% less in

silver curtains than in control curtains."

• Dr. Tim Boswell, QMC Hospital, November 2008

CLINICAL STUDY on Linens & Patient Pajamas•Clinical trial for MRSA control showed

"66.7% of patients using the silver fabric had eradicated MRSA while 0% eradicated MRSA in the control group"

• Dr. P. Wilson, Lister Hospital, 2009

CLINICAL STUDY on Nurses' Uniforms•X-STATIC uniforms even after the 100

washing showed "The total contamination was reduced by 72.2%. The total number of all HAIs pathogens was reduced by an average of 93.6% within an hour."

• Klaus-Dieter Zastrow, M.D., Physician in Environmental Medicine, July 2009

Antimicrobial fabric Products • Privacy Curtains• Due to infrequent washing

(twice per year in most facilities) and being continuously touched by caregivers, patients and visitors, untreated privacy curtains harbor staggering rates of bacterial contamination and are a major cause of infection transmission.

• Privacy curtains made with X-STATIC fabric deliver comprehensive and continuous protection.

Antimicrobial fabric Products •Door Handle

Protectors• Door handles are the

most frequently touched object in a healthcare setting.

• To prevent cross-contamination door handle covers made with X-STATIC fabric can provide comprehensive and continuous protection.

Antimicrobial fabric Products • Furniture Seats • These can't be washed,

only spot cleaning is possible so seat fabric requires the highest level of antimicrobial performance to ensure safety.

• X-STATIC fabric seats cover offers a great opportunity to control bacterial cross-contamination.

Antimicrobial fabric Products •Lab coats• Lab coats made with

X-STATIC protect the lab coat from bacterial growth.

• These lab coats also provides superior comfort by regulating temperature & eliminating odors.

Antimicrobial fabric Products •Scrubs• Uniforms made

with X-STATIC eliminate 99.9% of bacteria directly on the fabric, giving ongoing comprehensive and proactive anti-microbial protection.

Antimicrobial fabric Products •Support Surfaces•Bedding•Patient Positioning

Products Laundering alone

isn't effective, because recontamination of fabrics begins immediately after being put in use.

In 2012 An Historic Moment: DNA Imaged with Electron Microscope for the

First TimeCorkscrew Thread of the DNA Double Helix

The Future………….

HUBBLE TELESCOPE IN SPACE

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