Post on 03-Jun-2018
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Abstract
Antibody based therapies using monoclonal orpolyclonal antibodies are emerging as an important therapeutic
approach for the treatment of a number of diseases. With
increasing emphasis on new technologies associated with
monoclonal antibody expression and purification, the clinical
need of polyclonal therapeutics for treatment of a variety of
specific illnesses and infections is often overlooked. Despitebeing largely abandoned in the early twentieth century due to the
development of antibiotics, polyclonal antibody therapeutics are
today widely used in medicine for viral and toxin neutralization
and for replacement therapy in patients with immunoglobulin
deficiencies. Over the past 20 years, intravenous
immunoglobulins have shown beneficialimmunomodulatory andanti-inflammatory effects in many illnesses. Hyperimmune
antibody preparations have been used over the past century for
the treatment of a variety of infectious agents and medical
emergencies, including digoxin toxicity, snake envenomation and
spider bites. Here, we examine the contemporary techniques and
applications, and assess the future therapeutic potential, forpolyclonal-derived antibody therapeutics.
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Antibodies play an important role in
the defense against pathogens. They
specifically recognize and bind toforeign antigens, resulting in the
activation of a number of immune
effector functions capable ofselectively eliminating foreign
micro-organisms, viruses and
molecules.
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TRANSGENIC POLYCLONAL THERAPEUTICS
L A R G E - S C A L E P R O D U C T I O N O F H U M A N
P O LY C L O N A L A N T I B O D I E S U S I N G H U M A N
A R T I F I C I A L C H R O M O S O M E ( H A C ) W I T H
T R A N S G E N I C P R O C E S S .
H A C C O N T A I N C H R O M O S O M E N U M B E R 2 2
W I T H A N T I B O D Y E X P R E S S I O N .
H E M A T E C H L C C ( C O N N E C T I C U T, U S A ) C A L V E S ;
T H E R A U P E T I C H U M A N P O LY C L O N A L S I N C .
( C A L I F O R N I A , U S A )
R A B B I T ; O R I G E N T H E R A P E U T I C I N C ( U S A )A V I A N
E M B R Y O N I C C E L L .
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POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES FOR
BIODEFENSE APPLICATIONS
C O M B AT B I O L O G I C A L W A R FA R E A G E N T S B Y
M I M I C K I N G T H E P A S S I V E I M M U N I Z A T I O N .
W I L L B E A D VA N TA G E O U S , B U T T H E R E R E
S O M E F A C T O R S N E E D T O B E C O N S I D E R E D :
Immune response to a pathogen doesnt always
correlate to protective immunity;
Role of memory B cells in long term immunity often
depends on the incubation period of pathogen. O F F E R I N G C L I N I C A L P R O T E C T I O N
I M M E D I AT E L Y A F T E R E X P O S U R E T O
PAT H O G E N I C B A C T E R I A S O R V I R U S E S .
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THE FUTURE OF POLYCLONAL ANTIBODY
THERAPEUTICS
M O N O C L O N A L A N D P O L Y C L O N A L
A N T I B O D I E S .
N E O VA C S S A ( F R A N C E )A N T I - C Y T O K I N E
T H E R A P E U T I C S , T R E AT M E N T O F H I V.
A D VA N TA G E S O F P O LY C L O N A L A N T I B O D Y.
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