Post on 27-Jun-2020
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ANCESTRAL DOMAIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
AND PROTECTION PLAN
ADSDPP
Kankanaey and Bago Indigenous Peoples of Alilem,
Ilocos Sur
Organized under Alilem Municipal Tribal Council
thru the assistance of the
OFFICE FOR NORTHERN CULTURAL COMMUNITIES
(now NCIP)Regional Office, City of San Fernando,
La Union
ONCC Accreditation No.02-90-026
BACKGROUND:
A portion of the Alilem AD as viewed from Sitio Abatan, Daddaay.
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Alilem is inhabited by Kankana-eys and Bagos. Long before the Spanish colonizers
came to the Philippines, our predecessors were already living in this place. Our original
ancestors and early settlers were the descendants of the Kankana-ey and Bagos from
the provinces of Mt. Province and Benguet, respectively. The vast natural resources of
our Ancestral Domain had been the primary reason that attracted our forefathers to
permanently settle in this place, with the huge and historical Amburayan River serving
as the historical and traditional boundary with our non-tribal communities. This then was
the way of life of our forefathers long before the onset of colonization by the Spaniards:
tranquil, simple, yet prosperous.
A view of the Amburayan River from the edge of Barangay Batbato.
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The name of our municipality, “Alilem” was coined from two (2) local dialect
terms: “alicono” or whirlpool and “lemlem” or a continuous and heavy downpour. The
said historical account on how our domain got its name was transmitted to us by our
ancestors. Before the colonization, the original settlers of the domain lived in huts built
on the surrounding hills and steep mountains which now constitute its barangays. The
Poblacion proper was deep, uninhabited valley of about nine (9) square kilometers
which served as grazing lands of carabaos (water buffalo). For many years, the natives
lived simply and peacefully until such time that they were being disturbed by an unusual
and fearful environmental occurrence. It all started with a continuous heavy downpour
or “lemlem” which caused the Bakun River to swell to an extraordinary size and
overflow its banks making the valley area a big lake. In the middle part of the lake, there
was a big “alicono” or whirlpool that the people feared so much. The Alicono remained
Native dancers during an IP Celebration.
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even after the rain ceased so the people believed it’s Kabunian’s/God’s punishment for
their sins. As it was their custom, the people held a native feast called “Kaniaw” to
appease God’s wrath. After the Kaniaw, the Alicono vanished and Bakun River returned
to its course at the foot of the mountain in the Southern part leaving a dry leveled land
suited for residential lots and farms. The valley was then quickly inhabited and the place
was named “ALILEM” combining the first two syllables of “Alicono” and the first syllable
of “Lemlem”.
Such brief historical account of our ancestral domain reveals two distinct
characteristics of our tribe: our peace-loving nature and our strong belief to our Creator.
The stair-cased rice fields in Alilem are among the tribe’s cherished heritage. Some of
these are irrigated by spring waters from higher elevations.
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LEGAL BASES:
The rights of indigenous peoples/communities to their Ancestral Domains for the
social, cultural and economic well-being within the context of national development was
recognized by the 1987 Philippine Constitution (Sec. 16, Article II. Declaration of State
Policy, 1987 Phil. Constitution) Indigenous Peoples have the right to develop the
resources within their Ancestral Domains with the attendant responsibilities of
maintaining ecological balance and restoring denuded areas. (Sec. 9, Republic Act
8371, the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act or IPRA). More importantly, the IPs have the
exclusive right to decide for themselves development goals and projects, as owners of
the ancestral domain. Our domain, Alilem in particular, has already been issued with
Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title (CADT) last November 02, 2005, with CADT No.
RO1-ALI-1005-032.
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Photo copy of the Certificate of Ancestral Domains Title of Alilem, Ilocos Sur
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PART I THE ADSDPP DATA BASE
COMPONENTS
I. ANCESTRAL DOMAIN SITUATIONER:
1. PHYSICAL PROFILE OF OUR ANCESTRAL DOMAIN:
1.1. Geographical Location and Boundaries
The map of Ilocos Sur showing the Ancestral Domain of Alilem on its Southern tip.
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The Ancestral Domain of the Kankanaeys and Bagos of Alilem is situated at the
Southern part of the Province of Ilocos Sur. It is divided by 9 barangays namely,
Dalawa, Poblacion – Alilem Daya, Kiat, Anaao, Apaya, Amilongan, Apang,
Batbato and Daddaay. It lies between 16-52 north latitude and 120 40’ east
longitudes. Its metes and bounds as identified by our elders and leaders and as a
result of settlements with ICCs/IPs from its adjacent Ancestral Domains and
Municipalities are:
NORTH: Municipality of Suyo, Ilocos Sur. Beginning South from Large
Stone as Landmark located at Taliktik creek near the mouth of the Chico River,
The map of Alilem showing adjacent ICCs
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going East at the top of the Mt. Palitog through Sitio Lap-angan connecting to a
large stone again as a landmark, going to Sitio Labilab/Pitak Bato, up to the Day-
as River to Sitio Macaag, where the landmark is the water tank (tangke). Then
connecting to a landmark located at Sitio Bayoyo to Mt. Telay to where the
Sibbun Ugsa River (Moling River and the Banata Creek met) this Sibbun Ugsa
River is the common Ancestral Domain boundaries between Alilem, Suyo and
Cervantes.
SOUTH: Municipality of Sugpon. From the West starting at the mouth of
the Amburayan River where a boundary (river) monument thereto is established,
going East to MBM # 9 (Kinelleng), to MBM # 8 (Baybayoka), to MBM # 7
(Manggaan), to MBM # 6 (Lukotan). From MBM # 9, determine the distance from
such point going north to a tree called “lupa”. The measured distance from MBM
# 9 to “lupa” tree shall be used as the determining distance to adjust the MBMs.
Starting from the river monument to the Lupa tree to MBM # 8 and MBM # 7, all
going northward, as stated in the CADC of the municipality of Alilem. From the
adjusted MBM # 7, a line shall be drawn from the same connecting MBM # 6 to
MBM # 5, to “Biwak” monument, to “Sangsang” monument and to “Panangki”
monument. This Panangki monument is the identified common Ancestral Domain
boundaries among the Indigenous Cultural Communities of Alilem and Sugpon,
Ilocos Sur and Bakun, Benguet.
However, shortly after the MOA signing, petitioners from Barangay Kiat,
Alilem filed a formal resolution asking for the ratification of the said MOA
executed by the parties. Acting on such petition, the Sanggunian Bayan of Alilem
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filed on May 26, 2003 a formal resolution (Resolution No. 03-33) asking for the
reconsideration of the said MOA. Thus a meeting was again scheduled for the
purpose of connecting some provisions of the MOA. Again, using the “tongtong”
mode of settlement, both parties agreed in a joint resolution signed by them on
July 15, 2003 at Kiat, Alilem to exclude the areas where they did not arrive at a
common agreement as to the Ancestral Domain boundary, and that such
excluded areas shall be the subject of future settlements.
EAST: Bakun, Benguet. The common Ancestral Domain boundary line
shall start from Mt. Liblibo to Kamanpangao and to Panangque adopting the
boundary line stated in the joint agreement executed on October 26, 1977 by
Mayor Bartolome Sacla of Bakun, Benguet and Mayor Paulino Apusen of Alilem,
Ilocos Sur and likewise signed by other representatives from both municipalities
and agreed not to disturb the said ancestral domain boundary conflict resolution.
NORTHEAST: Cervantes, Ilocos Sur. Starting from Mt. Liblibo-PBM # 8 to
Moling River, the meeting point of Banata and Batawang Creeks (nagsabatan ti
waig Banata ken Batawang)
WEST: Sudipen, La Union. From south (Kiat and Up-uplas) going north
(Dalawa and Namaltugan) the agreed tribal boundary shall be the Amburayan
River which is a natural landmark. However, at the southern portion, the
identifiable property (cemetery) of Sudipen (Poblacion and Up-uplas) altered by
the natural flow of the river due to the passage of time shall be respected and
form part of the territory of Sudipen, La Union. Regardless of the extra ordinary
flow of the river in the future, it shall not alter the natural land territory of both
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parties, such that the right of the party whose lands are affected shall not be
prejudiced, in accordance with the provisions of the New Civil Code.
NORTHWEST: Tagudin, Ilocos Sur. From north going south, the point of
reference shall be a marked large rock (Pila) at the Taliktik along the Chico River
as appearing on both LC Maps, series of 1935 of Alilem and Tagudin, going to
the foot of Mt. Palakpak and its river, where a large stone is situated, going to the
mountain ridge of Bantay Baak and finally to monument (MBM) situated at “Siko”
in the Amburayan River.
The winding Amburayan River drains its waters to the China Sea passing thru the Amburayan Bridge at the boarder of Tagudin, Ilocos Sur and Sudipen, La Union.
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1.2. Accessibility
Poblacion, Alilem is accessible to any type of vehicle during rainy and dry
season from the National Highway in Sudipen, La Union. Remote barangays are
accessible only by foot.
Table 1
APPROXIMATE DISTANCE & NUMBER OF HOUSE HIKE FROM POBLACION
TO EACH BARANGAYS
Barangays
Distance in
kms.
No. of Hours
Hike
Poblacion to: Dalawa 3.5 30
Kiat 3.5 50
Anaao 5.0 1.5
Amilongan 12.422 3.5
Apaya 12.5 4.0
Apang 10.0 3.25
Batbato 6.3 3.0
Daddaay 15.5 5.0
Loose surface Poblacion-Aguiwas-Kiat farm to market road awaits road concreting.
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1.3. Ancestral Domain Area
The ancestral domain area of the Kankanaeys and Bagos of Alilem under
CADC No. 152, is Eight Thousand Three Hundred Forty One and 1505/10000
hectares (8,341.1505) as per actual ground survey in 2004 by NCIP accredited
geodetic surveyors.
The said total land area of the Ancestral Domain is the result of amicable
settlements done in a customary process with the neighboring municipalities. A
certain portion along the Suyo and Alilem boundary with an area of 270.2899
hectares and along the boundary of Alilem and Sugpon with an area of 23.1614
hectares were not included in the above Ancestral Domain area because it is
subject to future settlement by the concerned municipalities and barangays as
shown by their manifestation signed on the 13th day of October 2004.
Ilocos Sur SPTF and Survey Team identifying the location of the ADBM at Taliktik area
along the boundary of Alilem and Suyo, Ilocos Sur.
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Table 2
LAND AREA PER BARANGAY (Hectares)
Barangay Area (hectares) % Total
1. Poblacion 862.6850 5.52
2. Amilongan 559.5096 3.58
3. Anaao 987.3800 6.30
4. Apang 2,949.6230 18.88
5. Apaya 944.5315 6.05
6. Batbato 1,876.0872 12.01
7. Daddaay 5,172.8710 33.12
8. Dalawa 1,759.4527 11.26
9. Kiat 507.8608 3.30
Source: Alilem CLUP
From the table, Barangay Daddaay has the widest land area with a total of
5,172.8710 or 33.12%. Barangay Kiat has the least with an area of 507.8608
hectares. Poblacion, which is considered as the urban barangay ranks No. 7 with
a land area of 862.6850 hectares or 5.52% of the municipality’s total land area.
Out of the Provincial land area of 257.958 hectares, the municipality covers only
0.16%.
Land area covered by CADT
8,341.1505 hectares per approved CADT in November 2, 2005
except for 293.4513 hectares excluded portions due to unsettled
boundaries with Sugpon and Suyo
9,876.004 titled lots registered with the Register of Deeds of Ilocos
Sur
0_ lots unsurveyed agricultural and residential lands
3,880.272 lots classified as agricultural lands
167.6944 lots classified as residential lands
547,7917 lots covered by ISF issued by the DENR and classified as
forest reserves
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Table 3
LAND AREA PER BARANGAY INCLUDING DISPUTED AREAS
MUNICIPALITY OF ALILEM
Barangay Undisputed
Area
Common
Area
Total Land
Area/Brgy.
%
Total
1. Poblacion 862.6850 862.6850 5.52
2. Amilongan 559.5096 559.5096 3.58
3. Anaao 987.3860 987.3860 6.30
4. Apang 2,949.6230 2,949.6230 18.88
5. Apaya 944.5315 944.5315 6.05
6. Batbato 1,876.0872 1,876.0872 12.01
7. Daddaay 4,902.5901 270.2899 5,172.8710 33.12
8. Dalawa 1,759.4527 1,759.4527 11.26
9. Kiat 483.6794 23.1614 507.8608 3.30
1.4. Topography
Mountainous areas of Alilem comprise a greater portion of Alilem Ancestral Domain area
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The Ancestral Domain of Alilem is hilly and mountainous. It is moderately
slopping, strongly rolling to hilly relief. The natural drainage ways are various
creeks: the Bagu, Pilingan, Bakun and Amburayan Rivers.
The highest mountain peak has a maximum elevation of 1,500 feet above
sea level particularly at Barangay Daddaay. The elevation drops gradually at
other barangays to the minimum of about 16.40 feet above sea level particularly
at Barangay Alilem Daya (Poblacion)and Dalawa.
Most of the leveled portions of every barangay usually planted with rice,
corn, legumes, root crops and other cash crops. At the higher level areas,
bananas, avocados, mangoes and coffee are the common fruit tree panted being
grown and the other portions aside from the forest areas are grasslands.
>>>>> picture of crops
Hilly portions and slopes are utilized by planting different farm crops. The above area is
planted to bananas and fruit trees and intercropped with other legumes.
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Table 4
TOPOGRAPHY
Slope% Description Location A R E A
Hectares/Percentage
0-3 Level-
nearly
level
Dalawa,Anaao
Poblacion,Kiat,Apaya
Apang, Amilongan
1,326.0 8.49
3-18 Gently
sloping to
undulating
Undulating
to rolling
Dalawa, Poblacion,
Batbato, Kiat, Apang
Anaao, Apaya,
Amilongan, Daddaay
1,835.0
11.74
18-30 Rolling to
Moderately
steep
Anaao,Amilongan
Apang 284.2 1.82
30-50 Steep hills
and moun-
tainous
Anaao, Daddaay,
Amilongan, Dalawa
Kiat, Apaya, Apang,
Batbato,poblacion
3,528.0
22.60
Above
50
Dalawa, Poblacion,
Kiat, Anaao, Apang,
Apaya, Amilongan,
Batbato, Daddaay
8,647.0
55.36
1.5. Climate, Temperature and Rainfall
The climate within the ancestral domain falls under the first type of climate
in the Philippines characterized by two (2) distinct seasons, wet and dry. The
onset of the wet season starts in May and ends in November, while the rest of
the year is dry. However, prevalence of more rains and a cooler climate is
experienced in the eastern barangays particularly Apang, Apaya, Batbato and
Daddaay.
The average temperature is 27.12 degrees Celsius which is moderately
hot. The coldest month is February with 25.5 degrees Celsius and the hottest is
May with a recorded temperature of 28.5 degrees Celsius.
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The annual average number of rainy days is 89 and the month of August
has the highest number of rainy days. However, the highest volume of monthly
rainfall recorded was in July.
1.6. Soil Type/Class
There are two types of soil as determined by the Ilocos Sur Soil Services,
Department of Agriculture:
Bauang Soil Series – characterized by light brown to light reddish brown,
friable, coarse granular clay, loam surface light brown to light reddish brown,
friable, coarse granular clay, loam surface soil.
The Amburayan River overcast by fogs especially during rainy season.
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Peñaranda Series – member of the fine loamy, characterized by clark
brown to grayish brown loam to silt loam.
1.7. Water Tributaries
The ancestral domain is traversed by two major rivers, the Amburayan
and Bakun Rivers, and two secondary rivers, the Bago and Pilingan Rivers,
which originated in Benguet Province particularly the municipalities of Bakun and
Kibungan. These rivers leading down to the China Sea pose danger especially
during rainy season to the barangays along the river banks due to erosion and
flooding.
A portion of the Bago River over Barangay Apang, Alilem, Ilocos Sur. It is one of the two secondary rivers contributory to the Amburayan River.
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Table 5
WATER TRIBUTARIES
Major Rivers Origin Tributaries Areas
Supplied
(in
hectares)
1.Bakun
River
Bakun
Municipality
Bago River, Pilipil,
Sunap, Asin,
Pagogo, Tucao,
Tungeb, Macdaar,
Pukipok, Kulipkip,
Ayusan & Tukao
Creeks
Amilongan,
Dalawa and
Poblacion
2.Bago River Urzadan and
Sayangan
Creek
Kinpadako, Saped,
Pilaodan, Kinkuteng,
Payaw, Anglabi,
Malanas, Kangguan,
Kinbuagi,
Kamanpayok,
Tabuliling, Tuyakap
and Gusadan
Apang
3.Pilingan
River
Daddaay Pilingan(Man-
ubak)Pilingan(Panong
an)Leyang Magay-
udang
Apaya,
Macmacyas,
Man-ubak,
Paytokan &
Dadda-ay
4.Amburayan
River
Benguet Gambong, Pasing,
Kinalugong,
Palanpas,
Kenlino, Tanggawan,
Ken Sidio, and
Pangda Creek,
Balingawan Brook
(11.5
hectares)
1.8. Water Resources
Table 6
DIVERSE WATER SPECIES FOUND IN ALILEM
Species Status Usage
Fresh
Water
Fish
Species
Udang/Padaw
Karpa
Sumayet
Tibek
Abundant
Abundant
Abundant
Seasonal
For food
Food
Food
Food
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Bukto/purong
Tilapia
Kampa
Ampo
Paltat
Dalag
Kiwet/egat
Butabot
Sisiam
Birot
kurileng
Seasonal
Seasonal
Seasonal
Seasonal
Seasonal
Seasonal
Rare
Rare
Rare
Rare
>said to be
an
endangered
specie
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
food
Frog Tengbean
Kalabad/karabad
Pattangan
Bakala
Lat-o
Dadapi
Burarong
Bagsang
Bulanbulan
Babalnga
Babalnga
bintaan
2nd class
2nd class
Rare
Rare
Rare
}Near to
}extenation
}
Rare
Rare
Rare
rare
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Fresh
Water
Shells
Gusipeng
Birabid/ginga
Taggingging
Bisokol/snail
Lesdeg
Cappo
Bennek
Agatol/kappi
Seasonal
Seasonal
Seasonal
abundant
Seasonal
Few
Seasonal
abundant
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Food
Fresh
water
vegetables
Balangeg
Gabi
Tansoy
Pako
Pikan
Bilagot
Bulbuldok
Lagewey
Kinawang
Kalonay
Akwey/sagibsib
Abundant
Abundant
Seasonal
Seasonal
Seasonal
Seasonal
Seasonal
Few
abundant
Food
Food
Food
Food
food,
also
}food
for
}pigs
Food
Food
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Table 7
Native Trees Place Usage Status
Adaan
Sagat
Acasia
Dalipawen
Balite
Banaba
narra
Pakak
Mango
Avocado
Kaimito
Longboy
Scattered in
the mountains
Backyards,
farm and
mountains
Scattered in
the mountains
Scattered
anywhere
Backyards/far
ms
-do-
-do-
-do-
Lumber,firewood
Lumber/firewood
Lumber/firewood
Lumber/firewood
habitat of
wildlife,protection
from flood
lumber/firewood/habit
at of wildlife/herbal
med.
Lumber,habitat of
wildlife
Lumber/food
Fruitbearing tree
Fruitbearing tree
Fruitbearing tree
Fruitbearing tree
Abundant
Abundant
Still
abundant
abundant
abundant
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
Fresh water fishing along Alilem waters augments the IP farmers’ proceeds from their major agricultural crops. Diverse water species abound in the rivers and brooks. The picture shown is a kileb strategically constructed across the river to catch fresh water species.
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Bassiwey
Bayabas
Bugnay
Kalutit
dadaay
Salnges
Anteng
Bariwangwang
Appas
Aglan
Dao
Dalipawen
Aludig
Kalantas
bulala
kantingen
balansiagaw
apprit
Kanarem
Kuasi
Playen
Sabbang
Tebbeg
Abbal
Kiskistong
Lingolingo
Damortis
Dummanay
Liwliw
Kasiben
Rakrakipa
Pokipok
Kades
Ballay
Pamolilising
en
Balingasay
Langsan
Kottapi
Kudday
Sanak
Bullos
Baringao
Anywhere
-do-
Anywhere
Scattered
along creeks
Tamungan
Marmarsang
marmarsang
Takapan,Tubo
Public/privte
lands
-do-
Along
riverbanks
Riverbanks
kimet
Birds food/firewood
Fruitbearing tree
Firewood,fruit tree
Food
Fruitbearing,lumber
Firewood
Firewood/lumber
Firewood
Bird’s
food/firewood
Firewood
Firewood
Flood protection
Firewood/protection
from flood
Firewood/protection
from flood
Firewood
Firewood
Lumber,furniture
Furniture
Lumber
Water preservation
-do-
Firewood
Firewood
Medicinal purposes
Firewood,fruit tree
Firewood
Fence post,firewood
Lumber,furniture
-do-
-do-
-do-
-do-
Endangere
d tree
abundant
3rd class
-do-
-do-
Last
class
Endandered
Endangered
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Table 8
Oldest Tree Location Usage Status
Dao
Addaan
Mangga
Balite
Acasia
Pangew
Sagat
Anteng
Narra
Dalipawen
Pamunagen
Kanarem
Kuasi
Pamoklaten
Abal
Panantolen
Bangar
Gunadong
Kalontas
Kanila
Panglongboyen
Banaba
Kalautit
Abneg
Obyen
Bongon
Salngen
Kantingen
Sigyat
Talingan
Bitnong
Aluyaw
Kublay
Luy-ok
Tumadeng
Libu
Kandaruma
Abnig
Pakak
Tikoyen
Banaba
Bulala
Tomongon
Bito
Amilongan
Karayan pilipil
Karayan pilpil
Nangomalip
Balungabing
}
}
}public/private
}lands
}
Lumber
Furniture/lumber
Food/furniture
Shade
Shade/lumber
Wildlife refuge
Lumber
Wooden pistel
Bark for binding
Lumber
Lumber
Medicine & Lumber
Furniture
Food
Food & Lumber
Firewood
Shade
Lumber
Food & Lumber
Lumber
Lumber
Endangered
Endangered
Endangered
Endangered
Endangered
Endangered
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1.10. Power Supply
Table 9
Source Area Covered Household Covered
ISECO Poblacion 258
LHC Amilongan 91
LHC Anaao 141
LHC Apang 62
LHC Apaya 74
LHC Batbato 80
LHC Daddaay 73
ISECO Dalawa 178
LHC Kiat 86
The 70 megawatt Hydro-Electric Power Plant of Luzon Hydro Corp. in Sitio Pilpil, Amilongan, Alilem. A project of the NPC covering an aggregate area of 6.2 hectares of the ancestral domain of Alilem, Ilocos Sur.
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1.11. Land Classification Uses
The total land area of the municipality is 15,620 hectares. Classified as
alienable and disposable and has an area of 4,001.78 hectares or 25.60% and
forest zone is 11,618.22 or 74.38% of the municipality’s land area.
Residential – this occupies a total area of 12.077 hectares or 1.4% of the
total land area of the urban barangay. Most of the residential buildings are
single-detached and built along thoroughfares. Residential settlements
development followed a grid type formed by parallel rectangular blocks.
Most of the residential buildings are built of permanent and semi-permanent materials. Indigenous materials are mostly used for temporary shelters and crop storage in the farms.
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Commercial – there is no such as large as commercial center existing in the
municipality except for seventeen (17) sari-sari stores and one small
establishment offering wholesale trade and other services oriented
establishments. The total land area occupied by the above mentioned
establishments is 0.1062 hectares or 0.012% of the urban area.
Industrial – industrial activities are undertaken in an area of 0723 hectares
or 0.01% of the urban area. Among existing industries operating in the area are
hollow blocks making, furniture making and welding shops. Rice mills are found
within residential district.
Institutional – this existing land use occupies 3.62 hectares or 0.42% of
the urban area. The institutional uses are as follows: municipal building and other
government offices, health stations, church and schools. The municipal buildings
housed the various local government offices including the Philippine National
Police (PNP) headquarters, Post Office, COMELEC, Telecom Office and the
Municipal Circuit Trial Court while the Municipal Health Clinic is a separate
building.
Agricultural – an area of 378.4335 hectares or 46.14% is devoted to
agricultural purposes. Most of the crops produced are palay, vegetables, corn,
root crops, tobacco and others. The elevated portions are devoted for banana
and fruit tree crops and the fresh water portions are utilized for non-commercial
fishing areas.