Post on 19-Feb-2020
Types of Skin Infections
Bacterial
Impetigo
Folliculitis
Acne
Fungal /Parasitic
Tinea Pedis
Tinea Cruris
Tinea Versicolor
Tinea Corporis
Toenail fungus
Allergic/Irritation conditions
Dermatitis
Eczema
Impetigo
Superficial bacterial infection of the skin
Most commonly caused by Staphylococcus or Streptococcus
Thin vesicles with honey colored crusting
Usually on face, hands, neck & extremities
Spread occurs via contact from fingers, towels, clothing
Folliculitis
Superficial or deep infection of the hair follicle
Usually result of Staphylococcus infection
May also occur as a result of contact/plugging with
oil, dirt, sweat, etc
Rash appears as small, dome shaped yellow pustules
with a hair shaft in the center
Acne
Obstruction of sebaceous follicles (oil glands)
Open comedones or closed comedones
Usually on the face, chest, back
Causes:
Bacteria Acne vulgaris
Stressful events (hormonal changes)
Friction acne
Tinea Pedis
Fungal infection - Athlete’s Foot, is caused by fungi such as
Epidermophyton floccosum or fungi of the Trichophyton genus.
Globally, athlete's foot affects about 15% of the population.
It is a contagious skin disease that causes itching, scaling, flaking,
and sometimes blistering of the affected areas.
Tinea Versicolor
Fungal infection of the skin
Multiple patchy lesions (oval shape with fine scales) either light in
color or brown
Typically occurs on the back, neck, chest, shoulders
More prominent in the summer when the affected areas do not tan
Recurrence is common.
Tinea Corporis
Fungal infection of skin - Ring Worm
Well defined circular patches with scaly borders
Found on non-hairy surfaces – face, arms, legs, truck
Occurs after contact with another person/object that is carrying the fungus
Toenail Fungus
Toenail fungus, or onychomycosis, is an infection underneath the surface of
the nail caused by fungi.
When the tiny organisms take hold, the nail often becomes darker in color and
smells foul.
Debris may collect beneath the nail plate, white marks frequently appear on
the nail plate, and the infection is capable of spreading to other toenails, the
skin, or even the fingernails.
Dermatitis
Inflammation of the superficial dermis/epidermis
Atopic Dermatitis:
Heriditary disorder – may also have Hx of asthma, allergic rhinitis, rash
Usually along cheeks, face, trunk, extensor surfaces of extremities
Dry and papular rash, scratching makes it worse, due to loss of natural oils in skin
Aggravated by stress, anxiety, dry conditions
Contact Dermatitis:
Papular and itchy rash resulting from contact with an allergen
Commonly – nickel (cheap jewelry, buckles), soaps, perfumes, cosmetics, posion
ivy/oak
Eczema
Dryness of the epidermis
Usually seen on extremities/trunk
Worse in winter or when bath too much
Rash is itchy, red, scaly, patchy with a cracked appearance
Secondary bacterial infections due to scratching
Antibacterial – Ofloxacin
Ofloxacin is a broad spectrum fluoroquinolone group of antibiotic.
It inhibits the DNA gyrase enzyme (topoisomerase-IV)and thus
inhibits bacterial cell division.
Among other anti-bacterials, ofloxacin offers better MIC with
minimal resistance.
It is effective against various type of bacterial infections such as
Impetigo, Folliculitis, Acne etc.
Antiprotozoal - Ornidazole
Ornidazole is a nitro-imidazole which has broad spectrum cidal activity
against protozoa and some anerobic bacteria.
It shows broad spectrum antiprotozoal activity.
It exerts its action by damaging DNA and other critical biomolecules.
DNA helix destabilization and strand breakage has been observed with
ornidazole.
It is used to treat superficial infections like trichomonas vaginitis, Giardisis,
and bacterial vaginosis.
Anti-fungal - Terbinafine
Terbinafine is mainly effective on the dermatophyte group of fungi.
It is used topically for superficial skin infections such as jock itch (tinea
cruris), athlete's foot (tinea pedis), and other types of ringworm (tinea
corporis).
Terbinafine cream works in about half the time required by other
antifungals.
It shows higher mycological cure rate
Corticosteriods – Clobetasol
Propionate
It is a superpotent corticosteroid of the glucocorticoid class used to treat
various skin disorders.
clobetasol propionate has anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, and
vasoconstrictive properties.
It act by the induction of phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins, collectively
called lipocortins.
Brand Name :-
Composition:-
Indication:- In Mixed Skin Infections Bacterial Vaginosis Yeast vaginitis