Oppositional Defiant Disorder

An Overview

What is ODD?According to the Diagnostic and

Statistical Manual of Mental Disordesr, 4th Edition, Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is a “recurrent pattern of negativistic, defiant, disobedient and hostile behavior toward authority figures that persists for at least 6 months” (p.100).

Rates of ODD= 2%-16 % (DSM-IV-TR)

Diagnostic CriteriaA. Negative, aggressive and disobedient behavior that lasts

for at least 6 months and at least four of the following must be present (DSM-IV-TR).

Child often:

1. looses temper2. argues with adults3. defies or refuses to comply with rules or

adult requests4. intentionally annoys others5. blames others for mistakes6. touchy or easily annoyed by others7. angry and resentful8. spiteful and vindictive

Diagnostic CriteriaB. Behavior causes quantifiable noteworthy

impairment in social, academic or occupational functioning.

C. Behavior(s) do not occur exclusively during the course of Psychotic or Mood Disorder.

D. Criteria are not met for Conduct Disorder- if the individual is under 18 years old, criteria are not met for Antisocial Personality Disorder.

(DSM-IV-TR)

ODD Age FeaturesODD symptoms increase with age

Onset is gradual

Typically evident before age 8

Typically is evident no later than adolescent years

• (DSM-IV-TR)

ODD Gender FeaturesMore common in males than females before

puberty

Male and female rates are similar after puberty

Symptoms similar in both genders Males may be more confrontational Males may have more unrelenting symptoms

(DSM-IV-TR)

Familial PatternODD symptoms often materialize in home

environments. More common when at least one parent has a

history of: Mood Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder, Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder, Antisocial personality Disorder, Substance Related Disorder

(DSM-IV-TR)

Familial PatternMore apparent in children who come from families with marital and environmental discord.

(DSM-IV-TR)

ODD and Other DisordersODD behavior is less severe than behavior

associated with Conduct Disorder.

ODD is often associated with:Mood DisordersPsychotic Disorders

(DSM-IV-TR)

ReferencesAmerican Psychiatric Association

(2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). 4th Edition. Arlington , VA.