An Introduction An Introduction to maritime transportto maritime transportin Latin America in Latin America and the Caribbean and the Caribbean

Panama, 13-15 NovemberJHoffmann@ECLAC.cl.

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Outline of the presentationOutline of the presentation

Introduction

Track AShipping

Track BPorts

Track CIntermodal

Challenges to research

JHoffmann @ ECLAC.clJHoffmann @ ECLAC.cl

Outline of the presentationOutline of the presentation

Introduction

Track BPorts

Track CIntermodal

Challenges to research

Track AShipping

Specialization

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PanamaPanamaWorld Market Share

Flag

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HondurasHondurasWorld Market Share

Seafarers

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ChileChileWorld Market Share

MEEZ

Coast

Carriers

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South American Operators South American Operators 20020022, , TEUTEU

Fuente: cepal/ Fairplay

foreign flag

national flag

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Open registriesOpen registries

Source: UNCTAD

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ExampleExample

Moves 6.9% of Chilean trade

Obtains 83% of its turnover abroad

Owns 5% of the ships it operates

Source: directemar, csav, dynaliner

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““Clustering” of countriesClustering” of countries

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““Clustering” of sectorsClustering” of sectors

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Maritime Transport in LACMaritime Transport in LAC

Introduction

Track AShipping

Track CIntermodal

Challenges to research

Track BPorts

Privatization

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PrivatizationPrivatizationConcessioned public (common user) ports Argentina Brazil Colombia Chile Mexico Panama Uruguay

… … 2244 other Latin American and other Latin American and Caribbean countries Caribbean countries

still pendingstill pending

W h W h y ?y ?

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Opposition of national Opposition of national private sectorprivate sector

Venezuela

Ecuador

Peru

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Unemployment, poverty, Unemployment, poverty, political difficultiespolitical difficulties

Guatemala

El Salvador

Honduras

Nicaragua

Costa Rica

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Monopolistic portsMonopolistic ports

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Labour reformLabour reformCapital / labour

C

L

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Customs, ...Customs, ...

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First: use more efficiently what you have

TEU/ ship-hour-port

Benchmark,

Central American ports (excl. Panama):

TEUs por hora-buque-puerto

34

2826

24 2421

8 7 64

Meta A B C D E F G H I J

New ports?New ports?

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Maritime Transport in LACMaritime Transport in LAC

Introduction

Track AShipping

Track BPorts

Challenges to research

Track CIntermodal

natural and

home madeobstacles

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A natural barrier to intermodal transport….A natural barrier to intermodal transport….

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Another natural barrier Another natural barrier to intermodal transport….to intermodal transport….

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TelematicsTelematics

Danger to miss the train - again…

30 years ago:30 years ago:ContainerizationContainerization30 years ago:30 years ago:ContainerizationContainerization

Today:Today:TelematicsTelematicsToday:Today:TelematicsTelematics

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Global networksGlobal networks APLAPL

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Global networksGlobal networks Maersk-SealandMaersk-Sealand

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Intra-block tradeIntra-block trade

Cargo reservationCargo reservation

for cabotage

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Maritime Transport in LACMaritime Transport in LAC

Introduction

Track BPorts

Track CIntermodal

Track AShipping

Challenges to research

An Introduction An Introduction to maritime transportto maritime transportin Latin America in Latin America and the Caribbean and the Caribbean

Panama, 13-15 NovemberJHoffmann@ECLAC.cl.