Algorithmic cultures & Machinic Creolization

@nicolasnova – 18 septembre 2018

(Drawing by Chris Gash)

A+. A#. Abap. Abc. Action! . ActionScript. Actor. Ada. Afnix. Agena. Aldor. Aleph. Algae. Algo. Algol. Alma-0. Alphard. Altran. AmigaE. Ampl. Ani. Anubis. ApeScript. Apl. AppleScript. APT. Arduino. ARS. Asm.js. AspectJ. ATLAS. Autocode. AutoIt. Averest. Awk. Axiom. Bash. Basic. BAL. BCPL BeanShell. Beta. Bigwig. Bistro. Bliss. Blocky. BODOL. Boo. Bourne shell. Bpel. C--. C++. C#. C Shell. Caché ObjectScript. Caml. Cayenne. Cecil . CeeBot. Ceylon. . CFScript. Cg. Charity. CHILL. CHR. Chrome. ChucK.m Cilk. Clarion. Clay. Clean. Clipper. Clojure. Clu. Cobol. CobolScript. Code. CoffeeScript. ColdFusion. Comal. Component Pascal. Comit. Cool. Coral66. Corn. Cowsel. Crack. Csh. See C Shell. Curl. Curry. Cyclone. Databus. Dart. DCL. Delphi. Dibol. Disco. DRAKON. Dylan. ECMAScript. Edinburgh IMP. Eiffel. Elan. elastiC. Elixir. Elm. EGL. Epigram. Erlang. Esterel. Euclid. Euphoria. Euler. Exec. F#. Fabric. Factor. Fantom. Felix. Ferite. FL. Flow-Matic. Focal. Focus. Foil. Forth. Fortran. Fortress. FP. Frink. Gams. Gml. Go. Godiva. Goedel. Gosu. GPSS. Groovy. Hack. Halide. Hal/S. HaScript. Haskell. Heron. HLA. Hugo. HyperTalk. H2o.IALICI. Icon. IDL. IMP. Inform. IPL. Intercal. IO. IswimJ. Java. JavaFX Script. JavaScript. JCL. Jif. Joss. Joule. Jovial. Joy. JSP. JScript. Julia. Jython. Kid. Kiev. Kogut. Kotlin. LabView. Lagoona. Lava. Leda. Lexico. Lfyre. Limbo. Linc. LinearML. Lingo: Macromedia Lingo, Lingo Allegro, Linn Lingo, Lindo Lingo. Lisaac. Lisp. LISt Processing. LLJS. LLVM. Logo. Lua. Lucid. Lush. Lustre. LYaPAS. M#. M4. MAD. Magma. Maple. Mary. Mathematica. Matlab. Mercury. Mesa. Metal. Metro. MicroScript. Mimic. Miranda. Miva. Mixal. ML. Moby. Modula-2. Modula-3. Mondrian. Mortran. Moto. MSIL. Mumps. Napier 88. Nemerle. Nesl. NetRexx. Newspeak. Newsqueak. Ngl. Nial. Nice. Nickle. Nimrod. Noop. Nu. Nosica. o:Xml. Oberon. Objective-C. Objective Caml. Objective J. Objective Modula 2. Obliq. OCaml. Occam: Occam-Pi, occam-π. Octave. OOC. Opal. OPL. Ops5. Orc. Oz. Pascal. PBasic. Perl. PHP. Pico. Pike. Pilot. Pizza. PL 11. PL/0. PL/B. PL/C. PL/I. PL/M. Planner. Plankalkül. Pliant. Pop-11. Poplog. Portran. Pov-Ray. Processing. Profan. Prograph. Prolog. P-Tac. Pure. Purescript. Python. QuakeC. QML. QPL. Quorum. R++. Rascal. Ratfiv. Ratfor. RC. Realbasic. Rebol. Red. Refal. Revolution. RPG. RPL. Rexx. Rigal. Rlab. RSL. Ruby. Rust. S2. Sail. SAM76. SAS. Sather. Scala. Scheme. Scratch. Scriptol. Sed. Stream EDitor. Seed7. Self. SETL. Short Code. SimsScript. Simmunity. Simula. SISAL. Slate. Slip. Smalltalk. Snobol. SOAP. Spitbol. SPARK. SP/k. SPL. Squeak. Squirrel. SR. SSL. Standard ML. Subtext. SuperCollider. SuperX++. Swift. SyncCharts. Synergy/DE. TACL. Tacpol. TADS. TAL. Transcript. Tcl. Telcomp. Tempo. Tinn-r. Titanium. TI-Basic. Tom. Tpu. Trac. TTCN-3. Turing. Tutor. TypeScript. TXL. Ubercode. Uncol . Unicon. UnrealScript. UrbiScript. UML. Verilog HDL. VHDL. VDS. Virt. Visual Basic. Visual Basic. VBScript. Water. Whitespace. Winbatch. Wiring. Wolfram. XOTcl. XPL. XL. Xtend. YAFL. Yorick. Z notation. ZPL.

ISBN 978-2-9700992-1-5

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Dadabot—An Introduction to Machinic Creolization ........ 005........ 011, 021, 027, 031, 049, 053, 059, 075, 079, 097, 101, 107 ..................................................................123,127, 149, 155, 195, 291

Matthew Plummer-Fernandez .......................................... 015–018Silvio Lorusso .......................................................................... 039–042Holly Herndon ......................................................................... 111–118Florian Hecker and Dimitri Bruni (NORM) ................ 135–138Constant Dullaart .................................................................. 159–165

The New Plastic MalleabilityMaxime Guyon ........................................................................ 171–176

............................................................................................................ 85–92

�ÍD�������ÍF�ʘ���ÍA��������� ............................................... 61–66Amazon Mechanical Turk—�ÍQ��ÍM���4J���� �ʘ�ÍT����ʘ�� ...................185, 186, 193, 194

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Nicolas Nova & Joël Vacheron (2015), Dadabot, ID Pure: Morges. http://idpureshop.ch/web/catalogue.aspx?cat=39

The Next Rembrandt

Google Deep Dream

Generated Detective (Greg Borenstein)

“Algorithmic Cultures”

« An algorithm is a finite set of rules that gives a sequence of operations for solving a specific type of problem” (Donald Knuth, the art of programming (1969), p.27)

�13

Striphas, Ted. (2015). Algorithmic culture, European Journal of Cultural Studies, Vol. 18 (4-5), 395-412.

1. filters and recommendations

2. generative art/content

Manfred Mohr, Cubic Limit (1973-1974)

content analysis of a corpus

a corpus of projects selected based on various criteria : workable prototypes (no simulation), released in the public sphere, recent (< 5 years), authors recognized in their field (new media art, net culture, media and interaction design)

comparison with other manifestations of algorithmic cultures out of these fields

Research approach

Two Headlines (Darius Kazemi)

“Kazemi does see his work as a way to expose the mechanics of automation by putting it front and center in surprising new ways—‘sort of an attempt to educate people,’ he says and ‘prompt them to do some of that thinking on their own’. “ Leon Neyfakh in an interview of Darius Kazemi (Boston Globe)

Listen to Wikipedia (Stephen LaPorte and Mahmoud Hashemi)

Dadabots

GHOST WRITER (Traumawien and Bernhard Bauch)

�26GHOST WRITER (Traumawien and Bernhard Bauch)

GHOST WRITER (Traumawien and Bernhard Bauch)

�28A ship adrift (James Bridle)

�29A ship adrift (James Bridle)

�30

�31

�32A ship adrift (James Bridle)

wait a minute, what’s going on here?

Uncreative writing, K. Goldsmith, 2012.

“Having a computer write poems for you is old hat. What’s new is that, like Wershler and Kennedy, writers are now exploiting the language-based search engines and social networking sites as source text. [...] At first glance, armies of refrigerators and dishwashers sending messages back and forth to servers might not have much bearing on literature, but when viewed through the lens of information management and uncreative writing—remember that those miles and miles of code are actually alphanumeric language, the identical material Shakespeare used—these machines are only steps away from being programmed for literary production, writing a type of literature readable only by other bots”

“All new media objects, whether created from scratch on computers or converted from analog media sources, are composed of digital code.” Lev Manovich, The Language of New Media (2001)

REMIX"People Funny Boy" (Perry) Lee (King) Perry JJ Records, 1968.

MEDIAHYBRID

AUTOMATED

Data traces as “cultural elements”… … which are transformed (remediation, glitch)… … and hybridized… …to create original assemblages

Generated Detective (Greg Borenstein)

CREOLIZATION

“the result of this hybridization is not simply a mechanical sum of the previously existing parts but new species. This applies both to the visual language of particular designs, and to the operations themselves. When an old operation is integrated into the overall digital production environment, it often comes to function in a new way”

Lev Manovich

“meeting of multiple cultures, or at least of multiple elements from distinct cultures, in a single place in the world, resulting in the emergence of something new and totally unforeseeable when considered only as the sum or synthesis of its elements.”

Edouard Glissant

Creolization: the linguistic, and cultural, process that takes place between different cultural elements when they interact and then creatively merge with pre-existing traditions to create new and unexpected forms.

Machinic creolization: the process by which machines, among other digital technologies, foster a (new?) type of creolization.

so?

machine/art

wikipedia bots

CENTAUR

FAUXTOMATION

A+. A#. Abap. Abc. Action! . ActionScript. Actor. Ada. Afnix. Agena. Aldor. Aleph. Algae. Algo. Algol. Alma-0. Alphard. Altran. AmigaE. Ampl. Ani. Anubis. ApeScript. Apl. AppleScript. APT. Arduino. ARS. Asm.js. AspectJ. ATLAS. Autocode. AutoIt. Averest. Awk. Axiom. Bash. Basic. BAL. BCPL BeanShell. Beta. Bigwig. Bistro. Bliss. Blocky. BODOL. Boo. Bourne shell. Bpel. C--. C++. C#. C Shell. Caché ObjectScript. Caml. Cayenne. Cecil . CeeBot. Ceylon. . CFScript. Cg. Charity. CHILL. CHR. Chrome. ChucK.m Cilk. Clarion. Clay. Clean. Clipper. Clojure. Clu. Cobol. CobolScript. Code. CoffeeScript. ColdFusion. Comal. Component Pascal. Comit. Cool. Coral66. Corn. Cowsel. Crack. Csh. See C Shell. Curl. Curry. Cyclone. Databus. Dart. DCL. Delphi. Dibol. Disco. DRAKON. Dylan. ECMAScript. Edinburgh IMP. Eiffel. Elan. elastiC. Elixir. Elm. EGL. Epigram. Erlang. Esterel. Euclid. Euphoria. Euler. Exec. F#. Fabric. Factor. Fantom. Felix. Ferite. FL. Flow-Matic. Focal. Focus. Foil. Forth. Fortran. Fortress. FP. Frink. Gams. Gml. Go. Godiva. Goedel. Gosu. GPSS. Groovy. Hack. Halide. Hal/S. HaScript. Haskell. Heron. HLA. Hugo. HyperTalk. H2o.IALICI. Icon. IDL. IMP. Inform. IPL. Intercal. IO. IswimJ. Java. JavaFX Script. JavaScript. JCL. Jif. Joss. Joule. Jovial. Joy. JSP. JScript. Julia. Jython. Kid. Kiev. Kogut. Kotlin. LabView. Lagoona. Lava. Leda. Lexico. Lfyre. Limbo. Linc. LinearML. Lingo: Macromedia Lingo, Lingo Allegro, Linn Lingo, Lindo Lingo. Lisaac. Lisp. LISt Processing. LLJS. LLVM. Logo. Lua. Lucid. Lush. Lustre. LYaPAS. M#. M4. MAD. Magma. Maple. Mary. Mathematica. Matlab. Mercury. Mesa. Metal. Metro. MicroScript. Mimic. Miranda. Miva. Mixal. ML. Moby. Modula-2. Modula-3. Mondrian. Mortran. Moto. MSIL. Mumps. Napier 88. Nemerle. Nesl. NetRexx. Newspeak. Newsqueak. Ngl. Nial. Nice. Nickle. Nimrod. Noop. Nu. Nosica. o:Xml. Oberon. Objective-C. Objective Caml. Objective J. Objective Modula 2. Obliq. OCaml. Occam: Occam-Pi, occam-π. Octave. OOC. Opal. OPL. Ops5. Orc. Oz. Pascal. PBasic. Perl. PHP. Pico. Pike. Pilot. Pizza. PL 11. PL/0. PL/B. PL/C. PL/I. PL/M. Planner. Plankalkül. Pliant. Pop-11. Poplog. Portran. Pov-Ray. Processing. Profan. Prograph. Prolog. P-Tac. Pure. Purescript. Python. QuakeC. QML. QPL. Quorum. R++. Rascal. Ratfiv. Ratfor. RC. Realbasic. Rebol. Red. Refal. Revolution. RPG. RPL. Rexx. Rigal. Rlab. RSL. Ruby. Rust. S2. Sail. SAM76. SAS. Sather. Scala. Scheme. Scratch. Scriptol. Sed. Stream EDitor. Seed7. Self. SETL. Short Code. SimsScript. Simmunity. Simula. SISAL. Slate. Slip. Smalltalk. Snobol. SOAP. Spitbol. SPARK. SP/k. SPL. Squeak. Squirrel. SR. SSL. Standard ML. Subtext. SuperCollider. SuperX++. Swift. SyncCharts. Synergy/DE. TACL. Tacpol. TADS. TAL. Transcript. Tcl. Telcomp. Tempo. Tinn-r. Titanium. TI-Basic. Tom. Tpu. Trac. TTCN-3. Turing. Tutor. TypeScript. TXL. Ubercode. Uncol . Unicon. UnrealScript. UrbiScript. UML. Verilog HDL. VHDL. VDS. Virt. Visual Basic. Visual Basic. VBScript. Water. Whitespace. Winbatch. Wiring. Wolfram. XOTcl. XPL. XL. Xtend. YAFL. Yorick. Z notation. ZPL.

ISBN 978-2-9700992-1-5

IDP

UR

E é

diti

ons

Alg

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Dadabot—An Introduction to Machinic Creolization ........ 005........ 011, 021, 027, 031, 049, 053, 059, 075, 079, 097, 101, 107 ..................................................................123,127, 149, 155, 195, 291

Matthew Plummer-Fernandez .......................................... 015–018Silvio Lorusso .......................................................................... 039–042Holly Herndon ......................................................................... 111–118Florian Hecker and Dimitri Bruni (NORM) ................ 135–138Constant Dullaart .................................................................. 159–165

The New Plastic MalleabilityMaxime Guyon ........................................................................ 171–176

............................................................................................................ 85–92

�ÍD�������ÍF�ʘ���ÍA��������� ............................................... 61–66Amazon Mechanical Turk—�ÍQ��ÍM���4J���� �ʘ�ÍT����ʘ�� ...................185, 186, 193, 194

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Nicolas Nova & Joël Vacheron (2015), Dadabot, ID Pure: Morges.http://idpureshop.ch/web/catalogue.aspx?cat=39

merci! @nicolasnova

nicolas.nova@hesge.ch

tinyletter.com/nicolasnova/