Post on 17-Mar-2021
Alchemy Unit
Investigation II:
Basic Building
Materials Lesson 1: A New Language
Lesson 2: Now You See It . . .
Lesson 3: What Goes Around
Lesson 4: Create a Table
Lesson 5: Breaking the Code
Qu i c k T im e ™ a n d a Qu i c k Dra w d e c o m p re s s o r a re n e e d e d to s e e t h i s p i c tu re .
Alchemy Unit – Investigation II
Lesson 1:
A New Language
Qu i c k T im e ™ a n d a Qu i c k Dra w d e c o m p re s s o r a re n e e d e d to s e e t h i s p i c tu re .
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
ChemCatalyst
There are two bottles on a shelf in a
chemistry lab. Both contain a shiny metal
substance that resembles gold. Bottle A
is labeled Au(s). Bottle B is labeled
FeS2(s).
• Do you think both bottles contain gold?
Why or why not?
• What do you think the symbols on the
bottles mean?
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
The Big Question
• What do the chemical symbols tells us
about the substance inside the bottle?
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
You will be able to:
• Make sense of chemical names and
symbols.
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
• An element is a unique form of matter
that serves as a building material for
more complex matter.
• Elements cannot be broken apart into
two different substances.
Notes
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Activity
Purpose: The goal of this lesson is to give you practice making sense of some of the “language” of chemistry, and translating chemical names and formulas.
(cont.)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Name Chemical
formula
Description
Vial 1
Vial 2 copper nitrate
Vial 3 copper
hydroxide
Cu(OH)2 (s) blue-green crystals
Vial 4
Vial 5 NaNO3 (s)
Vial 6
Vial 7
Vial 8
Vial 9 nitric acid
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Name Chemical
formula
Description
Vial 10 fine, brown powder
Vial 11 NaOH(aq)
Vial 12
Vial 13
Vial 14 clear liquid
Vial 15 zinc sulfate
Vial 16
Vial 17 Cu(NO3)2(aq)
Vial 18 ***STAMP CHECK***
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Making Sense
• When you turned the penny silver on the first day of class, you used zinc, Zn(s), and sodium hydroxide, NaOH(aq). Do you think the penny was coated with silver, Ag(s)? Explain your reasoning.
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
• A chemical formula is the set of
symbols a chemist uses to represent a
compound. Carbon dioxide is a
compound. Its chemical formula is
CO2.
• A compound is a substance that
consists of two or more elements
chemically combined together.
Notes
(cont.)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
• A substance is aqueous if it is
dissolved in water.
• The substance that is dissolved with
water is called the solute.
• The water is referred to as the
solvent.
Notes (cont.)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Check-In
• Imagine you find a vial that is labeled
Na2SO4(aq). What does the label tell
you about what is in this flask?
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Wrap-Up
• Chemical symbols represent the
elements that combine to form various
substances. Each element has either a
one or two letter symbol. The first letter
is always capitalized, the second letter
is always lower case.
• The chemical formula of a substance
tells us what elements are in it as well
as the relative amounts of each
element in that substance.
Alchemy Unit – Investigation II
Lesson 4:
Create a Table
Qu i c k T im e ™ a n d a Qu i c k Dra w d e c o m p re s s o r a re n e e d e d to s e e t h i s p i c tu re .
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
ChemCatalyst
In 1889 a Russian chemistry teacher
created an organized table of the
elements. At the time only 63 different
elements were known. Below is a
reproduction of that table.
• What do you think the numbers
represent?
(cont.)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
The Big Question
• How did Mendeleyev organize the
elements?
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
You will be able to:
• Explain how the periodic table of
elements is organized.
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
• Dimitri Mendeleyev is credited
with organizing the elements
into the first periodic table.
• The main properties that
Mendeleyev used to sort the
elements were reactivity with
one another and a number
describing the atomic weight of
each element.
Notes
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Activity
Purpose: The goal of this lesson is to acquaint you with Mendeleyev’s organization of the elements by allowing you to create your own table from the patterns you see in the elements.
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Making Sense
Below are five possible cards for the
element germanium. Where does
germanium belong in the table? Which
card seems most accurate to you? What
is your reasoning?
(cont.)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Germanium
Ge
62.7
Germanium
Ge
62.7
Germanium
Ge
66.0
Germanium
Ge
72.6
A B C
D E
Germanium
Ge
72.6
(cont.)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
• What would you add to the three empty
corners to complete the card?
Germanium
Ge
(cont.)
(cont.)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Completed Table (cont.)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Check-In
• Which of the following elements would
you find in the same group on the
periodic table? Explain your thinking.
Cadmium Cd
Moderately soft, silvery solid, metal
React very slowly with water
Found in CdCl2 (s)
Zinc Zn
Moderately hard, silvery solid, metal
Reacts very slowly with water
Found in ZnCl2 (s)
Iodine I
Purple solid, nonmetal
Reacts slowly with metals
Found in ICl (s)
Mercury Hg
Silvery liquid, metal
Does not react with water
Found in HgCl2 (s)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Wrap-Up
• Mendeleyev organized the periodic
table based on the properties of the
elements.
• Mendeleyev’s arrangement of the
elements helped to predict the
existence of undiscovered elements.
Alchemy Unit – Investigation II
Lesson 5:
Breaking the Code
Qu i c k T im e ™ a n d a Qu i c k Dra w d e c o m p re s s o r a re n e e d e d to s e e t h i s p i c tu re .
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
ChemCatalyst
• Where did Mendeleyev place copper,
Cu, on the periodic table he created?
(Note: The atomic weight of copper
is 63.)
• Where would you put copper, Cu, on
your periodic table? Explain your
thinking.
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
The Big Question
• How can you predict properties of
elements using a periodic table?
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
You will be able to:
• Interpret some of the information given
in the periodic table.
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Notes
(cont.)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Notes (cont.)
(cont.)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Notes (cont.)
(cont.)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
• The elements in the middle of the
table are referred to as the transition
elements, or the transition metals.
Notes (cont.)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Activity
Purpose: This lesson will help to identify many of the patterns that are contained in the periodic table of the elements.
(cont.)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
(cont.)
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Making Sense
• The elements copper and gold are
both relatively unreactive. It is easy to
bend and shape both metals. Both are
used to make coins and jewelry. Is the
similarity in their properties consistent
with their locations on the periodic
table? Explain why or why not.
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Notes
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Check-In
• Use the cards for Cu, copper, and Au,
gold, to describe all you can about the
element silver, Ag.
shiny, reddish
metal
found in
CuCl reacts
slowly in air
Copper shiny, yellow
metal
found in
AuCl
Not very
reactive
Gold
Cu
63.5
Au
197.0
© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.
Unit 1 • Investigation II
Wrap-Up
• Elements in each column of the
periodic table have similar properties.
• We can predict the characteristics of a
missing element based on the qualities
of the elements found adjacent to it in
a periodic table.