Air Force, Navy & USMC Librarians' Training Workshop -- June 24, 2010

Judith A. KuhagenPolicy and Standards Division

Library of Congress

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Scope of this presentation

Overview of RDA U.S. RDA Test Changes from AACR2 Your decisions/actions For more information

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RDA’s beginnings

Joint Steering Committee for Revision of AACR2 (representatives from Australia, Canada, U.K., & U.S.) known as the JSC

International conference in Toronto in 1997: changes from AACR2 wanted, e.g.: Base on principles Be more international Cover all resources libraries collect Resolve confusion between content vs. carrier

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AACR3AACR3

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RDA – The Goals Rules should be easy to use and interpret Be applicable to an online, networked environment Provide effective bibliographic control for all types of

media Encourage use beyond the library community Be compatible with other similar standards Have a logical structure based on internationally

agreed principles Separate content and carrier data Examples – more of them, more appropriate

Based on slide from Ann Chapman, UKOLN

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RDA based on IFLA’s international models & principles

Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR; 1998)

Functional Requirements for Authority Data (FRAD; 2009)

Statement of International Cataloguing Principles (ICP; 2009)

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Addresses user tasks

FRBR: Find Identify Select Obtain

FRAD: Find Identify Contextualize Justify

• ICP’s highest principle = “convenience of the user”

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For wider scope of resources

Response to what’s being acquired in librariesMore elements for non-printed text resourcesMore elements for non-text resourcesMore elements for unpublished resources

Compatible with specialist manuals (DACS, CCO, DCRM(B) etc.)

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Internationalization

No longer assuming an Anglo-American context

Choices relate to Language of additions to access points Language of supplied data Script and transliteration Calendar Numeric system

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What’s changing?

Changes in technologyImpact on descriptive/access data

• book catalogs to card catalogs• OPACs to next-generation catalogs• iPhones

Move from classes of materials to elements and values (more controlled vocabularies)

Move from individual library to international audience via Internet

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RDA developed for the future

Full advantage of RDA-based data:When authority and bibliographic data reside

in separate “packages” and records assembled when needed

When access points (if needed) can be assembled “on the fly”

When well-labeled data can be reused rather than being created over and over again

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RDA Structure

General introduction Identifying entities (their attributes)

Ch. 1-7: work, expression, manifestation, itemCh. 8-16: person, family, corporate body, place

Relationships: ch. 17-22, 24-32 Appendices Glossary

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US RDA Test

Library of Congress National Agriculture Library National Library of Medicine 23 other libraries

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U.S. RDA Test Timeline

June 2010: ALA releases RDA Toolkit June-Aug.: ALA allows free access to RDA

Toolkit to everyone who registers June-Sept.: U.S. testers get training and have

time to practice

Oct.-Dec.: U.S. test of RDA Jan.-Mar. 2011: analysis of test results; a

decision on implementation by U.S. national libraries soon after analysis period

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RDA records: test & non-test

New authority records not in LC/NACO Authority File before October 1RDA form added as 7XX in existing records

New bibliographic records in OCLC nowLC and CONSER records not until October 1

U.S. Test records available for downloading from LC site: October+

How identified?040 $a ___ $b eng $c ___ $e rda

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Changes from AACR2:bibliographic records

LC will continue to use: MARC 21 bibliographic format ISBD punctuation

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Choices by cataloging agencies

Additional elements selected by libraries beyond those identified in RDA as core elements

Alternatives Optional additions Optional omissions LC’s decisions on choices posted

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Transcribed elements

“Take what you see” and “accept what you get” Inputting information generally as found

on the resourceAccepting scanned/downloaded

information Capitalization: during the RDA Test,

some at LC will test using found capitalization

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Found capitalization?

Changing found capitalization:

245 10 $a Cairo : $b the city victorious / $c Max Rodenbeck.

250 ## $a First Vintage Departures edition.

Accepting found capitalization:

245 10 $a Cairo : $b THE CITY VICTORIOUS / $c Max Rodenbeck.

250 ## $a FIRST VINTAGE DEPARTURES EDITION.

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Not correcting errors in element

Monograph: 245 $a Teusday’s tasks*

246$ i Corrected title: $a Tuesday’s tasks

Serial: 245 $a Zoology studies 246 $i Misspelled title on number 1:

$a Zooology studies

* AACR2 = 245 $a Teusday’s [i.e. Tuesday’s] tasks

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Recorded/supplied elements

The information given in cataloger’s own words (e.g., extent of resource, illustrations, sound content)

For benefit of user: Very few abbreviations No longer Latin terms -- language of the

catalog instead

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General Material Designation (GMD) replaced

Three RDA elements developed with the ONIX publishing community:Content type MARC 336Media type MARC 337Carrier type MARC 338

Decide if displaying fields in OPAC, show icons instead, or just use for searching

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GMD replacement

AACR2:245 $a West Side story $h [videorecording]

RDA:245 $a West Side story336 $a two-dimensional moving image $2 rdacontent 337 $a video $2 rdamedia338 $a videodisc $2 rdacarrier

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MARC 300 $a, 336-338

Book:300 $a 123 pages, 28 unnumbered pages336 $a text $2 rdacontent337 $a unmediated $2 rdamedia338 $a volume $2 rdacarrier

Music CD:300 $a 1 audio disc {or: 1 CD}336 $a performed music $2 rdacontent337 $a audio $2 rdamedia338 $a audio disc $2 rdacarrier

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MARC 300 $a, 336-338

Map:300 $a 1 map336 $a cartographic image $2 rdacontent337 $a unmediated $2 rdamedia338 $a sheet $2 rdacarrier

Online PDF:300 $a 1 online resource (39 pages)336 $a text $2 rdacontent337 $a computer $2 rdamedia338 $a online resource $2 rdacarrier

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MARC 300 $a, 336-338

Website (with maps, text, and photographs):300 $a 1 online resource336 $a text $2 rdacontent336 $a cartographic image $2 rdacontent336 $a still image $2 rdacontent337 $a computer $2 rdamedia338 $a online resource $2 rdacarrier

Or repeat subfield $a in 336 field:336 $a text $a cartographic image $a still image $2 rdacontent

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Statement of responsibility

AACR2 has a “rule of 3” for names in a single statement

RDA: as many names as there are on the resourceOption to omit all after the first

Don’t need to include all names to give access points (added entries)

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Statement of responsibility example

245 $a … / $c by Susan Brown, Melanie Carlson, Stephen Lindell, Kevin Ott, and Janet Wilson.

Or, if option applied:

245 $a … / $c by Susan Brown [and four others]

(no longer “[et al.]”)

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Edition information

Transcribe as found: do not abbreviate or convert numerals

250 $a Third revised edition

250 $a 2nd enlarged ed., revised

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Place of publication

If giving only one, don’t prefer a U.S. place Don’t add higher jurisdiction Don’t abbreviate names Don’t correct information in element If no place or no probable place, give

“[Place of publication not identified]” instead of “[S.l.]”

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Examples: place of publication

260 $a LondonOn resource: London -- New York -- Boston

260 $a Red Oak [Iowa]

260 $a [Place of publication not identified]

260 $a Minneapolis500 $a Actually published in St. Paul

260 $a Arlington, Virginia

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Publisher and date

Don’t abbreviate words in publisher’s name If no publisher, give “[publisher not

identified” rather than “[s.n.]” If no date or probable date, for single-part

monographs, give “[date of publication not identified]

Copyright date is a separate element rather than a substitute for date of publicationCan have two dates in MARC 260 $c

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MARC 260 examples

260 ## $a Chicago : $b CAC Publishing Company, $c 2010, ©2009.

260 ## $a Miami : $b [publisher not identified] $b Florida Distributors, Incorporated, $c [2009?]

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MARC 300 $a and $b

No abbreviations except for duration

300 $a 266 pages : $b color photographs

300 $a 4 volumes : $b illustrations

300 $a 1 DVD (98 min.) : $b color, sound

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Numbering: serials & series

Transcribe terms and months as on the resource

Record numerals according to agency decision (in U.S., usually give as on the resource)

362 0# $a Volume X, number 1-362 0# $a January 2010-490 1# $a … $v volume 32490 1# $a … $v Band LXXXVIII

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100-130 and 700-730 fields

Specific families can be authors, etc., if presented as such on resources: important for archival materials

“Person” expanded to include fictitious characters if represented as responsible

100 0# $a Miss Piggy.245 10 $a Miss Piggy’s guide to life / $c

by Miss Piggy as told to Henry Beard.700 1# $a Beard, Henry.

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Change: form of access point

Not abbreviating “Department” (actually not abbreviated in AACR2 -- U.S. didn’t follow)

Retaining frequency in name of conference

111 $a Biennial Conference on Underwater Research

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Change: form of access point

Almost all treaties under the first signatory (AACR2: more than three signatories, entered under title; 2-3, entered under first in English alphabetic order)

Not abbreviating “Old Testament” and “New Testament”Omitting name of testament for single book or

group of books

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Bible examples

130 $a Bible. $p New Testamentnot 130 $a Bible. $p N.T.

130 $a Bible. $p Genesis not 130 $a Bible. $p O.T. $p Genesis

130 $a Bible. $p Gospels not 130 $a Bible. $p N.T. $p Gospels

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Compilations of works

AACR2: often identified by first work in the compilation (result = misidentifying the work as a whole)

RDA:Single creator: creator + title of work as

a wholeDifferent creators: title of work as a

whole

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Compilation: one creator

AACR2:100 1# $a Miller, Arthur, $d 1915-2005240 10 $a Archbishop’s ceiling245 10 $a Two plays / $c Arthur Miller.505 0# $a The Archbishop’s ceiling -- The

American clock.

RDA:100 1# $a Miller, Arthur, $d 1915-2005245 10 $a Two plays / $c Arthur Miller.505 0# $a The Archbishop’s ceiling -- The

American clock.

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Compilation: 2+ creators

AACR2:100 1# $a Polk, Sharon.240 10 $a Community band concerts245 10 $a Community band concerts / $c Sharon

Polk. Fall harvest festivals / Terri Swanson.

RDA:245 00 $a Community band concerts / $c Sharon Polk. Fall harvest festivals / Terri

Swanson.

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Relationships

Between persons, families, corporate bodies and resources (in bibl. records)

Between resources (in bibl. records)

Between persons, families, corporate bodies and other persons, families, and corporate bodies (in auth. records)

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Relationships expressed

Choice of conventions: Identifier (new to RDA)NoteAuthorized access point (a heading)

Cataloger’s judgment to use designators (subfield $e or subfield $i with terms from RDA appendices I-K) to explain the relationship -- MARC already gives some explanations

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Example: persons to resource

100 1# $a Lindgren, Astrid, $d 1907-2002, $e author.

240 10 $a Pippi Långstrump. $l English245 10 $a Pippi Longstocking / $c Astrid

Lindgren ; translated by Tiina Nunnally.

700 1# $a Nunnally, Tiina, $d 1952- $e translator.

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Example: between resources

700 1# $i Translation of: $a Brown, Dan, $d 1964- $t Digital fortress.

500 ## $a Translation of: Digital fortress / Dan Brown. -- 1st ed. -- New York :

St. Martin’s Press, 1998. – 371 pages ; 22 cm

765 0# $a Brown, Dan, 1964- $t Digital fortress $b 1st ed. $d New York : St. Martin’s Press, 1998 $h 371 pages ; 22 cm $w (DLC) 97033118

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Reproductions

U.S. libraries never implemented AACR2 for reproductions and have continued to catalog the reproductions as if they were the originals

During the RDA Test, LC will catalog reproductions (reprints, digitized texts, microfilm, etc.) as reproductions per RDA

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Changes from AACR2:authority records

LC will continue to use: MARC 21 authority format AACR2 punctuation, order

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Authority control concept

Not in AACR2 -- U.S. libraries developed separate cataloging documentation in addition to MARC authority format

RDA: authority data includedNew separate fields in MARC authority

format in addition to including information in the 1XX field

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New authority fields: persons

046: Special coded dates 370: Associated place 371: Address 372: Field of activity 373: Affiliation 374: Occupation 375: Gender 377: Associated language

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New authority fields: families

046: Special coded dates 370: Associated place 376: Family information

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New authority fields: corporate bodies

046: Special coded dates 370: Associated place 371: Address 377: Associated language

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New authority fields: works and expressions

046: Special coded dates 370: Associated place 380: Form of work 381: Other distinguishing characteristics

of work or expression 382: Medium of performance 383: Numeric designation of a musical

work 384: Key

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New MARC authority fields: more information

LC Network Development and MARC Standards Office site (new fields highlighted in red):

Information on LC’s RDA Test documentation site: Examples folder of authority records MARC encoding document giving LC’s practice for the

RDA Test

http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ecadhome.html

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Your decisions/actions

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New MARC fields

Usual practice for MARC format updates

Display in OPAC? With what labels?

Vendors and contractors for new records?

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Legacy bibliographic records

Change 1XX/7XX/8XX fields to match RDA forms?Bibliographic file maintenance locally?Revised records from OCLC?Cooperative relationships with other libraries?

During the Test, RDA forms recorded in 7XX fields in authority records (to be flipped with 1XX fields if LC implements RDA)

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New bibliographic records

From vendors with items purchased Contract cataloging Copy cataloging

Both AACR2 and RDA records -- policy to accept or change?

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If your changes involve money

Contact FEDLINK to discuss additional services (e.g., revised records from OCLC):

Holly Kerwin

email: hmic@loc.gov

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For more information

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RDA?

Questions?

email: LChelp4rda@loc.gov

Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA’s site:

http://www.rda-jsc.org/rda.html

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RDA Toolkit?

Publishers’ website:

http://www.rdatoolkit.org/

Publishers’ site includes information on June-August free open-access period:

http://www.rdatoolkit.org/openaccess

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U.S. RDA Test?

General information about the Test:

http://www.loc.gov/bibliographic-future/rda/test-partners.html

LC’s documentation for the Test:http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/RDAtest/rdatest.html

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FRBR and International Cataloguing Principles?

Webcasts by Barbara Tillett (LC’s representative tothe JSC and Chief, Policy and Standards Division):

“FRBR: Things You Should Know, But Were Afraid to Ask”http://www.loc.gov/today/cyberlc/feature_wdesc.php?rec=4554

“Cataloging Principles and RDA”http://www.loc.gov/today/cyberlc/feature_wdesc.php?rec=4327

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Questions?