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8/8/2019 Agricultural Biotech in Msia
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AgriculturalAgricultural
BiotechnologyBiotechnology
In MalaysiaIn MalaysiaLum Mok Sam
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Lecture Layout
1. Introduction
2. Development in Biotechnology3. Biosaf et y Rules and Regulations
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Introduction
A gricult ural sect or contribute
subst antially t o t he growt h anddevelopment of t he Malaysian economy
1985 1995: relative contribution of t he agricult ure sect or t o employment generation decline f rom 31.3% t o 19%;export earnings f rom 36.7% t o 19.2%
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Issue s & Challeng e s A cute labor short age
Limited availabilit y of suit able land
Ever-increasing cost of production (resources)
Financial crisis 1997
Food crisis Cost of food
Low-productivit y in rural sect orLow commodit y prices
Greater competition under WTO & CEPT
scheme of A SE AN FT A implement ation
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3rd National A g ricultural Policy
Launched in Dec 1999
A ddresses t he issues & challenges for1998-2010
Objective: To maximize income t hrough
eff icient and optimal use of resources
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S trate g ie s of Development s
1. To integrate agricult ure and forestrydevelopment using an agroforestryapproach t o provide a large,productive base t o bot h sect ors whileoptimizing resource usage
2. To encompass a product-basedapproach for commodit y development based on market demand,pref erences, and potential
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Development in Biotechnolo g y
1st phase
Research and development (R&D)
Human resources development (HRD)
Funding for research facilities
Setting up of more incubation centers
Mid 1980s, 1st Government R&D fundst o public instit utes - Intensif ication of Research in Priorit y A reas (IRP A )
MOSTI
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R&D Activitie s Pha se 1
1.Micropropagation
2.Microbial f erment ation for t heproduction of koj i for soy sauce andot her f ermented foods
3.Solid st ate f erment ation for producingcompost
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2nd phase (1990s)High-end advanced biotechnologies
Genetic manipulation of plant s and
microbesSetting up of molecular biology and ot herspecialized biotechnology laborat ories
1995, National Biotechnology Direct orate
(NBD)
t ook over t he management of biotechnology research, development,
and commercialization in Malaysia
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National Biotechnolo g y DirectorateObjectives
1.To initiate and develop collaboration wit h
research organizations and industries t hat will lead t o commercialization of biotechnologies and promote sust ainable
economic development 2.To build national research capabilit y in
biotechnology
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Biotechnolo g y Cooperative Center s (BCC)
1. Plant Biotechnology
2. A nimal Biotechnology3. Food Biotechnology
4. Environment al / Industrial
Biotechnology5. Medical Biotechnology
6. Molecular Biology
7. Biopharmacy
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Bionexu s Malay sia
- M A RDI &UPM Centre of excellence for agro-biotechnology
- UK M Centre of excellence for genomic andmolecular biology
- USM & UPM Centre of excellence for pharmaceuticals and nutraceucals
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Malaysian Research and DevelopmentOrganizations in Biotechnology
Instit utes Forest Research Instit ute Malaysia
Instit ute for Medical Research
Malaysian A gricult ural Research and Development Instit ute
Malaysian Cocoa BoardMalaysian Instit ute for Nuclear Technology Research
Malaysian Palm Oil Board
Malaysian Rubber Board
St andard and Industrial Research Instit ute of Malaysia
Veterinary Services Depart ment
UniversitiesUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Universiti Malaya
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
Universiti Malaysia Sabah
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Source: Nair and A bu-Bakar (2001).
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Policy and Priority1.Third National A gricult ure Policy
(1998-2010)
a. Improving food securit yb. Increasing productivit y and
competitiveness of t he agricult ure sect or
c. Strengt hening relationships wit h t he ot hersect ors
d. Est ablishing new industries
e. Conserving and using nat ural resources
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2.Second Industrial Master Plan
a. A gro-based and food product s industry
b. Fruit s and veget ablesc. Floricult ure
d. Chemical industry
e. Nat ural product s
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F ocu s of A g robiotechnolo g y Re searche s on
7th, 8th & 9th Malay sia Plans1.Genetic engineering for crop improvement,
disease and herbicide resist ance, and value-added
product s2. Increased rice yields
3. Increased shelf -lif e of f ruit s and f lowers
4. Improved f lower color
5. Cell cult ure /bioreact or for producing chemicals6. Tissue cult ure
7. Vaccine development and livest ock production
8. A dvanced reproductive biotechnology for improvedbeef cattle production
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H uman Re source Development Develop suff icient human capit al t o support t his high-technology, knowledge-based
disciplineLocal universities off er degree andpost graduate programs and conduct short training courses
National Science Foundation (NSF) has beencreated t o sponsor post graduate st udies
Ot her government-sponsored f ellowships
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Re search and Development Malaysian Top-Down Biotechnology Pro ject s
Projectsa
Molecular Manipulation and Engineering of Rice for Resist ance t o Diseases
(t ungro and sheat h blight )Improvement of Orchids and Tulips Through Genetic Engineering
Construction of Recombinant Bacteria for Vaccine Delivery
Development of DNA Markers for Identif ication of Color Varieties and Sex inTiger Barbs
Molecular A pproaches t o Determination of Biomarkers for Diseases and DiseaseSusceptibilit y and Development of A ppropriate Techniques for DiagnosisInteraction of Tumor, Host and Virus Fact ors in Growt h and Progression of Malignant Lymphomas
Production of Sodium Citrate by Ferment ation of A spergillus niger Using SagoHydrolysate
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Development of an Integrated Landf ill Treat ment System Using MicrobialProcesses
Biodiversit y Prospecting and Screening
Exploration of Gene Function and Organization During Development alEvent s
St udies on Gene Struct ure and Function: Cloning, Sequencing,Expression, and Modif ication of Selected Genes f rom Bacteria and Fungi
A pplication of Biotechnology for t he Production of Flavor Ingredient s
Utilization of Microorganisms and Enzymes for t he Production andImprovement of St arch-Based Foods and Food Ingredient s
DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid.a Funded by Government of Malaysia Intensif ication of Research in Priorit y A reas Program.Source: Nair and A bu-Bakar (2001).
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Developmental Research Projects in Malaysia Year Project Title
1997 Scale-Up Production and Market Testing of Clarif ied Tropical Fruit Juices
Semi-Scale Production of Goniot halamin Through Bioreact or Propagation for Clinical Trial
1998 Commercial Production of Bacterial Innoculant s as Biof ertilizer and Enhancer
Furt her Improvement of Pasteurella Spray Vaccine A gainst Pneumonic Pasteurllosis in Sheepand Goat
Commercial Production of a Local Live Inf ectious Bronchitis (UREMI A ) IB (U) Vaccine
Development of Ferment ation Biotechnology for t he Commercial Production of Malaysian Isolates of Bacillus sphaericus, a Mosquit o Control A gent
1999 Production of Molecular Biological Reagent s for Local Market Commercialization of Brugia malayi Research and Development Findings Int o Diagnostic Kit
Commercial A pplication, St ate of t he A rt Biotechnological A dvancement s for Clonal Propagation of Bananas
Commercial Environment al-Controlled Production of Tulips and Ornament al Bulbs
Development of Prot ot ype Kit for t he Rapid Diagnosis of Typhoid Carrie
Source: Nair and A bu-Bakar (2001).
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Malaysian Bilateral Collaborative Projects In Agricultural Biotechnology
Partners Project Title
Malaysia Thailand Cryopreservation of Bovine Oocytes and in vitro Produced Bovine Embryos
Development of Biosensor for A pplication in Environment and Food Industry
Malaysia Hungary Genetic Engineering of Chili for Disease Resist ance
Recombinant Vaccine for Inf ectious Boval Diseases
Malaysia NewZealand
Properties and A pplication of St arch-Based Food Ingredient s Produced Throught he Use of Microbial and Enzyme Technologies
Development of Transformation and Regeneration System for GeneticManipulation of Flowering and Insect Resist ance in Teak (Tect ona grandis)
A dvanced A nimal Reproductive and Embryo Transf er Technologies t o Produce High Qualit y A nimals f rom Sexed Embryos
Malaysia Massachusett s Instit ute of Technology
Biotechnology Partnership Programme
Subprogram: Oil Palm Biotechnology
Subprogram: Nat ural Product Discovery
Source: Nair and A bu-Bakar (2001).
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Bio safety Rule s and Re g ulations
Biosaf et y law GMO Food & f eed
Genetic Modif ication A dvisoryCommittee (GM A C) Malaysia
Communication and net working system
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