ROLE PLAY OF DIFFERENT TYPE

OF FARMING

F.A - 3

About the agriculture

The word agriculture is derived from Latin words ager or agri meaning soil and culture meaning ,cultivation .

The science and art of cultivation on soil , raising crops and rearing livestock it is called farming or agriculture

History of farming

Agriculture involving domestication of plants and animals was developed at least 10,000 years ago, although even earlier people began altering plant and animal communities for their own benefit through other means such as fire-stick farming. Agriculture has undergone significant developments since the time of the earliest cultivation. The Fertile Crescent of Western Asia, Egypt and India were sites of the earliest planned sowing and harvesting of plants that had previously been gathered in the wild. Independent development of agriculture occurred in northern and southern China, Africa's Sahel, New Guinea, parts of India and several regions of theAmericas Agricultural practices such as irrigation, crop rotation, fertilizers, and pesticides were developed long ago but have made great strides in the past century. The Haber-Bosch method for synthesizing ammonium nitrate represented a major breakthrough and allowed crop yields to overcome previous constraints.

In the past century, agriculture in the developed nations, and to a lesser extent in the developing world, has been characterized by enhanced productivity, the replacement of human labor by synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, selective breeding, and mechanization. The recent history of agriculture has been closely tied with a range of political issues including water pollution, biofuels, genetically modified organisms, tariffs, and farm subsidies. In recent years, there has been a backlash against the external environmental effects of mechanized agriculture, and increasing support for the organic movement and sustainable agriculture .

Types of agriculture

Sericulture - commercial rearing of silk worms .

Pisciculture – Breeding of fish in

specially constructed tanks and ponds.

Viticulture - cultivation of grapes .

Horticulture – Growing vegetabales , flowers and fruits for commercial use .

Images of types of agriculture

Types of farming

Subsistence Farming

Commercial farming

Subsistence farming

This type of farming is practised to meet the needs of the farmer’s family . Traditionally low levels of technology and household labour are used to produced on small output

Classification of subsistence farming Intensive agricultureShifting cultivation Nomadic herding

Commercial farming

Commercial farming crops are grown and animals are reared for sale in markeyt the area cultivated and the amount of capital used is large .

Classification of commercial farming Mixed farming plantation

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