Aftershocks of Abu Ghraib Scandal

• Story broke - April 2004• Donald immediately

after – Bush refused• resigned Nov after

in Afghanistan and Iraq

May 2004

• George – June 2004• 2004 Congressional Hearings• Congress passed (2005)• US army updated

Aftershocks of Abu Ghraib Scandal

(p. 31, Terrorism)

UPDATEIn 2009, President Obama issued an executive order

requiring that the CIA abide by the restrictions set by the Army Field Manual in regards to the interrogation of prisoners.

• George Tenet resigned – June 2004• 2004 Congressional Hearings• Congress passed Detainee Treatment Act (2005)• US army updated manual on interrogation

• various have asserted that the legal Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, Boumediene v. Bush, Al Odah v. USsee “habeas corpus”

Aftershocks of Abu Ghraib Scandal

(p. 31, Terrorism)

Habeas Corpus• Habeas corpus – Latin for “you have a

body”• A claims that a person is being

held illegally ( /reason) and requests release

• Habeas corpus a person’s right being held indefinitely and .

• detained in camps during used habeas corpus to claim

• Abu Ghraib passed to Iraqi authorities – 2006• some reports by various human rights organizations

suggest that the abuse at Abu Ghraib was among US military as well as Afghan & Iraqi forces

• Guantanamo Bay today: – Closure: President Obama sought to close the prison, – Trials: conducted by military (see p. 29, Terrorism, for )– As of March 2013, 166 detainees remain– more details – p. 29-30, Terrorism

Aftershocks of Abu Ghraib Scandal

Extraordinary Rendition• means “handing over”• US captures • suspects , Jordan, Morocco, Pakistan –

handed over• WHY? – • Human rights groups, like Amnesty International,

claim this is • Bush v. Obama – anecdotal evidence suggests

rendition is , but the practice continues• more details – p. 31-32, Terrorism

“The torture? A more serious blow to the United States than September 11, 2001 attacks. Except that the blow was not inflicted by terrorists but by

Americans against themselves.”- Archbishop Giovanni Lajolo, foreign minister of the Vatican

What do you think? Did the US administration’s policy

on treatment of suspected terrorists help or hurt the US in

the War on Terror?

War on Terror & Civil Liberties• Treatment of prisoners: Abu Ghraib,

Guantanamo Bay, extraordinary rendition

• The – passed by Congress in October of 2001– of citizens and non-citizens in

response to 9/11, in preparation – key issues: surveillance, detention w/o

charges, • see box on p. 28, Terrorism

• Additional Notes:

• Additional Notes:

Liberty v. Security?

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IraqAfter “Mission Accomplished”

The Occupation (p. 46-47, Iraq)

• set up by US-led coalition: Provisional Authority (CPA)

• members removed from positions of power

• Iraqi army, police, and other • CPA hired private companies ( ) to

and provide services• CPA gave control to Iraqis in 2004 –

Fighting in Iraq (p. 47-48, Iraq)

various v. US-led coalition– Iraqis v. foreigners

(referred to as “civil war”)– Iraqis v. Iraqis

–

Fighting in Iraq (p. 47-48, Iraq)

various insurgents v. US-led coalition– Iraqis v. foreigners

Sunni v. Shia (referred to as “civil war”)– Iraqis v. Iraqis

v. US-led alliance– foreigners* v. foreigners

Al Qaeda v. Shia– foreigners*v. Iraqis *Later in the war, stopped

being a purely foreign force and began to

Challenges after US left Iraq War – problems w/basic services: , medical

facilities (p. 50-51, Iraq)

War brought Sunni v. Shia hostilities to the forefront

War brought foreign fighters with own agenda: Al Qaeda, Iran?

War increased “ ” (p. 52, Iraq)

The US in Iraq Now• See p. 54, Iraq, for answer to:

– “How did Iraqis feel about the occupation?”

The US in Iraq Now• See p. 56, Iraq, for answer to:

– “How did the war affect the United States’ relationship to other countries?”

The US in Iraq Now• Turn to p. 49 of your Iraq booklet• Start reading in the right hand column –

begin with the sentence that mentions Barack Obama.

The US in Afghanistan Now• See p. 37-38, Afghanistan, for answer

to:– “What are the plans for the US

withdrawal from Afghanistan?”

The US in Afghanistan Now• See p. 38-39, Afghanistan, for answer

to:– “How has support for the war declined in

the US and other countries?”

The US in Afghanistan Now• See p. 39, Afghanistan, for answer

to:– “How has the killing of Osama bin Laden

affected the region?”