Post on 17-Jan-2016
African Migration in Latin- America and Institucional
Framework
National Imigration Council
Brazilian Ministry of Labour and Employment
Topics:
1) Brazilian Migration Institucional Framework;
2) Migration context;
3) African Immigration in Brazil;
4) Key points and perspectives.
Brazilian Migration Institucional Framework
• Legislation: Law 6.815/1980 – Foreigners Estatute;
• National Immigration Council: Deliberative Tripartite Body: Government + Social Partners (Trade Unions and Employers). Responsible for the immigration policy;
• Main International Agreement: Freedom of Residence for nationals from MERCOSUL, Bolivia and Chile
• Policy core principle: Protect migrants human rights
Brazilian Population: 190 millions (census
2010);
Immigrants: 614.026 (census 2000)
956.867 (Federal Police - 2011)
Immigrants as a percentual of the population:
0,5%
Brazilian Migrants: 3 millions (estimated by
Ministry of External Relations)
Brazilian Migrants as a percentual of the
population: 1,5%
Fonte: Departamento de Polícia Federal
Foreigners with residence – major nationalities
Country immigrants
PORTUGAL 277.463
JAPÃO 92.162
ITÁLIA 71.949
ESPANHA 59.322
BOLÍVIA 50.640
ARGENTINA 42.163
CHINA 35.265
EUA 30.839
ALEMANHA 30.145
URUGUAI 29.932
CHILE 26.602
CORÉIA 18.649
FRANCA 17.797
PARAGUAI 17.604
PERU 16.949
LÍBANO 15.174
GRÃ-BRETANHA 10.507
HOLANDA 7.461
COLÔMBIA 7.452
SUICA 6.511
POLÔNIA 6.149
ANGOLA 4.230
OTHERS 81.902
Total 956.867
EUROPE 56%
LATI N AMERICA + CARI BE 22%
ASIA 18%
EUA + CANADÁ 3%
AFRICA 1%
Anistia 2009 – Major Nationalities
BOLIVIA 18.004
REPUBLICA POPULAR DA CHINA 5.811
PERU 4.974
PARAGUAI 4.274
REPUBLICA DA COREIA 1.167
LIBANO 1.157
PORTUGAL 850
SENEGAL 823
CHILE 738
NIGERIA 655
ANGOLA 622
ARGENTINA 570
COLOMBIA 521
OTHERS 4.842
TOTAL 45.008
EUROPE 2%
LATI N AMERICA + CARI BE 72%
ASIA 20%
EUA + CANADÁ -
AFRICA 6%
Migration context
In few words, presently, the number of immigrants in Brazil is growing. Besides, the international migratory flow is more diversified. Furthermore, the number of returns of brazilians from abroad is increasing.
African Immigration in Brazil• Africa has a strong influence in the brazilian
culture and ethnical composition of the population. Unfortunately this is linked to the past slavery system that brought more than 4 million africans to Brazil.
• New migration flows from Angola were identified in the 1970’s and increased in the 1990’s related to the Angolan conflict. More than 1.600 angolans were recognized as refugees in Brazil in this period.
Africans with residence – major nationalities
Country I mmigrants
ANGOLA 4230
NIGÉRIA 1856
CABO VERDE 1005
SENEGAL 842
ÁFRICA DO SUL 820
EGITO 613
MOÇAMBIQUE 521
MARROCOS 342
GANA 226
CAMARÕES 193
REP DEM CONGO 170
SAO TOME E PRÍNCIPE 141
COSTA DO MARFIM 106
OTHERS 907
TOTAL 11996
Anistia 2009 – Major Africans Nationalities
SENEGAL 823
NIGERIA 655
ANGOLA 622
GUINE BISSAU 204
GANA 101
REPUBLICA DEMOCRÁTICA DO CONGO 95
OTHERS 435
TOTAL 2935
Key issues about the human mobility between Brazil and Africa
• Creation of the CPLP – Portuguese Speaker
Countries Community;
• Graduation and Post Graduation Brazilian
scholarship program to less developed countries
– PEC-G: 5.000 africans (total 6.000);
• Intensification of the political and commercial
relationship between Brazil and Africa;
Perspectives
• Tendency: increase the immigration flows to Brazil in the next years: related to development, friendly immigration policy, global events (olympic games in Rio de Janeiro, Football World Cup);
• Tendency: diversification of immigration flows: due to the policy on strengthening the cooperation south-south, specially with african countries;
• Tendency: Continuation on the restrictive immigration policy at Europe and North America; and
• Tendency: stabilization or increase the number of foreiners asking for the refugee estatute in Brazil.
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