Transcript of Advanced User Interfaces + Data Integration + Mobile Process Management = Save Yourself !! The...
- Slide 1
- Advanced User Interfaces + Data Integration + Mobile Process
Management = Save Yourself !! The WORKPAD project for supporting
emergency operators Mobile Process Management, Integrated Data and
Geo-collaboration for Emergency Teams Tiziana Catarci SAPIENZA
Universit di Roma Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica
[Department of System & Computer Engineering]
catarci@dis.uniroma1.it
- Slide 2
- WORKPAD Project 2 Objective & Partners Universit di Roma LA
SAPIENZA Italy (COORDINATOR) Universit di Roma TOR VERGATA Italy
Salzburg Research Austria Technische Universitaet Wien Austria IBM
Italia Center for Advanced Studies Italy APIF Moviquity S.A. Spain
Software602 A.S. Czech Republic Calabria Region Civil Protection
Department Italy An Adaptive Peer-to-Peer Software Infrastructure
for Supporting Collaborative Work of Human Operators in
Emergency/Disaster Scenarios
- Slide 3
- WORKPAD Project 3 Dealing with Emergencies We address response
and short-term recovery
- Slide 4
- WORKPAD Project 4
- Slide 5
- WORKPAD Project 5
- Slide 6
- 6 SUOR = Sala Operativa Unificata Regionale CCS = Centro
Coordinamento dei Soccorsi COM = Centro Operativo Misto Command
Coordination
- Slide 7
- WORKPAD Project 7
- Slide 8
- Main Innovations on top of reliable communication networks, we
build smart applications supporting teams on top of reliable
communication networks, we build smart applications supporting
teams Process management and coordination Provision of Integrated
Data Geo-collaboration WORKPAD Project 8
- Slide 9
- WORKPAD Project 9 Outline The Workpad user-centered methodology
Process Management and Coordination P2P Data Integration
Geo-collaboration User Validation
- Slide 10
- The WORKPAD Methodology: UCD (1) WORKPAD Project 10
- Slide 11
- The WORKPAD Methodology: UCD (2) WORKPAD Project 11
- Slide 12
- Requirement Engineering Top down Top down Regulations, laws,
initiatives and projects on a European basis Bottom up Bottom up
Case study: EM of Civil Protection Experience of users and system
engineers WORKPAD Project 12
- Slide 13
- Deployed HCI Techniques User group categorisation User group
categorisation Focus groups Focus groups Structured interviews
Structured interviews Scenario development Scenario development
Storyboards Storyboards Hierarchical task analysis Hierarchical
task analysis Usability tests Usability tests Mock-ups and real
prototypes WORKPAD Project 13
- Slide 14
- Requirement Classification User requirements User requirements
What will the user be able to do with the final system? System
requirements System requirements Which functionalities must be
implemented by the engineers? (in order to satisfy the user
requirements) WORKPAD Project 14
- Slide 15
- PROCESS MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION ROME4EU WORKPAD Project
15
- Slide 16
- Motivations Currently most teams are intra- coordinated through
transceivers and the operational knowledge is tight to the leader
Currently most teams are intra- coordinated through transceivers
and the operational knowledge is tight to the leader Formalize such
knowledge, and enact it through software applications offered on
mobile devices Formalize such knowledge, and enact it through
software applications offered on mobile devices WORKPAD Project
16
- Slide 17
- WORKPAD Project 17 1. A process designer defines a template for
a certain event class capturing best practices and protocols at
peace time. The template leaves some configuration option open
(e.g., a template for all earthquakes) WORKPAD at work / 1
- Slide 18
- P2P Back-end AN EMERGENCY FIRES!!! Daniele (Generic member)
Alessandro (Team leader) 1. Back-end sends the template 2. Template
instantiated to the specific emergency WORKPAD at work / 2 2. At
run-time Alessandro instantiates the template closing the open
options The abstract templates is made concrete by closing the open
options The concrete process schema is loaded into the PMS Alessio
(Generic member)
- Slide 19
- P2P Back-end 3. The process is enacted inside ROME4EU WORKPAD
at work / 3 3. The process is enacted to team members. Now some
tasks are ready to be assigned to team members. PMS assigns tasks
whose conditions are all fulfilled to an actor qualified to execute
them Alessandro (Team Leader) Alessio (Generic member) Daniele
(Generic member)
- Slide 20
- P2P Back-end WORKPAD at work / 4 4. Members join the team
specifying the capabilities they can provide Task assignment is
done by considering the capabilities required and those provided by
the members Alessandro (Team Leader) Alessio (Generic member)
Daniele (Generic member) 4. Members join the team
- Slide 21
- WORKPAD at work / 5 5. The Work-list handlers of certain
members receive the notification of the assigned tasks together
with their inputs P2P Back-end 5.Assignment of tasks to team
members Alessio (Generic member) Daniele (Generic member)
Alessandro (Team Leader)
- Slide 22
- WORKPAD at work / 6 6. When a certain member completes a task
execution, her WLH alerts the PMS. This may cause other tasks to
become enabled P2P Back-end 6.Notification of task completion
Alessio (Generic member) Daniele (Generic member) Alessandro (Team
Leader)
- Slide 23
- WORKPAD at work / 7 7. PMS analyzes if new enabled tasks are
assignable If any tasks, then assigns tasks to the best available
peer (human and/or automatic service) that provides all required
capabilities. P2P Back-end 7. (Possible) Additional assignment of
tasks to team members Alessio (Generic member) Daniele (Generic
member) Alessandro (Team Leader)
- Slide 24
- ROME4EU: An adaptive PMS for smart devices / 1 ROME4EU is an
aPMS completely developed on Smart devices ROME4EU is an aPMS
completely developed on Smart devices PMS is in charge of carrying
out processes by assigning tasks to appropriate humans and/or
software resources. It is adaptive, able to automatically adapt the
process execution to deal with exogenous events breaking the
initial assumptions.
- Slide 25
- ROME4EU: An aPMS for smart devices / 2 ROME4EU is specifically
targeted to highly dynamic and mobile environments ROME4EU is
specifically targeted to highly dynamic and mobile environments
Dealing with unreliable and slow mobile networks Limiting the
battery consumption and the power usage. Dealing with reduced PDAs
screen size, which limit the amount of the information concurrently
visualisable.
- Slide 26
- Architecture Team Members Team Leaders
- Slide 27
- Lessons learned Process Management Systems are worthy using in
emergency management Process Management Systems are worthy using in
emergency management Processes show the same complexity as business
ones Practically feasible (small memory and CPU requirements) Well
understood by end users Automatic adaptation is necessary as a
number of unexpected contingencies may occur Automatic adaptation
is necessary as a number of unexpected contingencies may occur
Manual adaptation would delay the operation execution
- Slide 28
- At a Glance
- Slide 29
- INTEGRATING DATA - ONDA
- Slide 30
- Motivations Having data not only belonging to my organization
but also coming from other sources Having data not only belonging
to my organization but also coming from other sources Persons to
save in a given building: 10 (with prob. 10% as this is the number
of residents) 14 (with prob. 90% as this is the number of different
mobile phones registered in the area just 2 minutes before the
emergency) without establishing a centralized system without
establishing a centralized system
- Slide 31
- What is P2P Semantic Integration? Semantic data integration is
about integrating data at the conceptual level Semantic data
integration is about integrating data at the conceptual level With
centralized mediator-based systems, this is accomplished by a
global view (ontology) which is mapped to source DB schemas (GAV,
LAV, GLAV) With centralized mediator-based systems, this is
accomplished by a global view (ontology) which is mapped to source
DB schemas (GAV, LAV, GLAV) In decentralized environments, each
system (peer) acts both as source and mediator In decentralized
environments, each system (peer) acts both as source and
mediator
- Slide 32
- Aim of the component Allow rapid integration of information
flows of rescue organizations Support organzations of every kind,
even if they meet on the emergency for the first time Support
flexible design of command & coordination flows Support Geo
Data Manage event notification Command Coordination
- Slide 33
- Front-End Back-End Modeling & Configuration Modeling &
Configuration Queries & Notifications P2P Mappings &
Notifications Queries & Notifications Local Sources Mappings
with Local Sources FE/BE Link KP Ontology
- Slide 34
- Technical Overview Each Peer is a Semantic Data Integration
System wich Each Peer is a Semantic Data Integration System wich
Has an own ontology as global schema Integrates heterogeneous
sources through mapping with the local ontology Integrates other
peers through mappings between ontologies A Client is able to A
Client is able to Perform semantic conjunctive queries Receive
notifications about relevant data changes (Add and Remove
subscriptions) The WORKPADs Back-End network is a Peer-to-Peer
Semantic Data Integration System (P2P-DIS)
- Slide 35
- Architecture Information Layer Query & Reasoning Layer
Modelling Layer Resources Knowledge Base Management Conceptual
Modelling Dialogs Source Mappings Dialogs Administrator
Peer-to-peer Mapping Dialogs Reasoner Wrapper Reasoner Query
Processor Query Executor P2P Query Propagator Local Data
Ontologies, Mappings External Reasoner Front-end Applications
External Applications Interaction Layer Active Subscr.
Subscriptions & Notifications Peers Change Synch BE peers
publish conceptual schemas (ontologies), then define mappings with
local and remote systems The core element is a query processor that
is able to evaluate \ propagate \ reconcile queries according with
ontologies and mapping semantics
- Slide 36
- 1. Schemas are specified by rich logic languages (Description
Logics) City is_a Place(NAME) 2. Semantic mappings (GAV) with data
sources are established CAPITAL(ID) City(f(ID)) TOWN(NM)
City(f(NM)) 3. Queries are expressed in terms of ontology concepts
x,y | Place(x) AND NAME(x,y) 4. Queries get reformulated in terms
of source schemas, based on mappings How WORKPADs Semantic
Integration Works \ 1 E1E2E3 S1S2S3 C1 C2 C3 Wrapping Mapping
Ontology Query: get C1 instances
- Slide 37
- 5.Suitable sub-queries are propagated to wrapped sources
6.Consistency of local data is up to local DBMS 7.Updates are
propagated through a publish-subscribe mechanism Peers subscribe
updates on specific views (queries) Notifications may be used to
optimize data access or raise alerts How WORKPADs Semantic
Integration Works \ 2
- Slide 38
- Peer Configuration Ontology Ontology Protg Peer Configuration
Peer Configuration Modeling Environment Peer Manifest Unique
Identifier Services URLs Ontology URL Sources Sibling Peers Local
and P2P Mappings The Ontology translated in DL-Lite (XML)
Translation Log (details about translated, approximated and omitted
ontology elements)
- Slide 39
- The user configures a peer by loading the systems ontology and
mapping it with local databases
- Slide 40
- Novelty With state-of-the-art centralized systems, information
integration is accomplished by a single schema (global view) which
is statically mapped to information sources However, this would
require every organization to rely on a single integration system
and rigidly adopt the very same conceptualization In WORKPADs
decentralized environment, on the contrary, each system (peer) acts
both as source and mediator This gives the possibility to every
system (organization) to keep its legacy and provide contributions
to global knowledge in a flexible and yet controlled way
- Slide 41
- Lessons learned In many cases, mapping legacy sources to
ontologies may be not very easy Development of rich
conceptualizations, such as ontologies, cannot be entirely made at
crisis time P2P conceptual mapping could be facilitated if based on
semantic standards Information integration infrastructures for
crisis management should be therefore prepared in advance for some
extent
- Slide 42
- GEO-COLLABORATION
- Slide 43
- Motivations To offer operators location- awareness To offer
operators location- awareness annotated with relevant information
(coming from the integrated data) annotated with relevant
information (coming from the integrated data) and the possibility
of annotating back and disseminating the new knowledge and the
possibility of annotating back and disseminating the new
knowledge
- Slide 44
- Other features Enrichment of aerial photos with geographic
features Enrichment of aerial photos with geographic features
Real-time location indication of objects- and persons-of- interest
Real-time location indication of objects- and persons-of- interest
Real-time distribution of data input/modifications Real-time
distribution of data input/modifications Interaction with layered
geo-information on handheld devices Interaction with layered
geo-information on handheld devices Creating and annotating
relevant points-of-interests Dynamic updates of geo-information
within WORKPAD front-end teams Dynamic updates of geo-information
within WORKPAD front-end teams Querying and persisting into
back-end systems Querying and persisting into back-end systems No
need of central server for operation No need of central server for
operation Decentral P2P-based information distribution Possible BE
interaction with semantically integrated information from various
sources Possible BE interaction with semantically integrated
information from various sources
- Slide 45
- GIS component architecture Java EE based server + GeoServer Web
Service stub to access BE Distributed tuple space- based
information distribution J2ME based viewer/editor of SVG data
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Lessons learned Presentation of geographic information is
greatly appreciated A great part of coordination is location-based
Currently mostly deployed on desktop machines Much conceptual
contributions could be achieved to Mobile GeoCollaboration Long way
from concept to implementation to product Evaluation based on
research prototype is difficult Functionality is the first step,
stability the second for acceptance Tradeoff between platform
independence and device coverage (=Java) vs. performance (=native,
Windows Mobile) Emulator real device discrepancy Pervasive
computing: more (uncontrollable) variables (e.g. changing context
factors, immaturity of technologies) Testing, testing, testing (in
the wild in particular)
- Slide 48
- At a Glance
- Slide 49
- USER VALIDATION
- Slide 50
- Overview User Test Methodology User Test Methodology Online
Pre-Tests Mock-ups and Questionnaires Controlled Experiments
Cooperative Evaluation Test with External Users The WORKPAD
Showcases The WORKPAD Showcases Without and with WORKPAD
- Slide 51
- User Test Methodology
- Slide 52
- User Test Methodology (2)
- Slide 53
- Controlled Experiments Lab environments under controlled
conditions Lab environments under controlled conditions 2 parts: 2
parts: First: during Prague meeting for technical partners
(English) Second: extra, bilateral meeting for users (Italian)
Direct feedback given to technical partners responsible for the
relevant components Direct feedback given to technical partners
responsible for the relevant components
- Slide 54
- Cooperative Evaluation First real user tests with prototypes on
mobile devices in the real-world context
- Slide 55
- Cooperative Evaluation: Summary of Results
- Slide 56
- First Showcase without WORKPAD In the scope of the 100th
anniversary of the Messina earthquake event of PCRC In the scope of
the 100th anniversary of the Messina earthquake event of PCRC
Intention of the WORKPAD team: Intention of the WORKPAD team:
Better understanding of real world activities Verifying if
storyboards are feasible and realistic Become familiar with the
showcase site Pentidattilo Practical issues (logistics, power,
toilets etc)
- Slide 57
- The location
- Slide 58
- Second Showcase with WORKPAD Goal: Show and evaluate the
prototypical implementation of the reference architecture proposed
in the project WORKPAD One week of showcase User organisations
Carpo Nazionale dei Vigili del Fuoco (VVF) The Fire Brigade
Provincial Headquarters Corpo Nazionale Soccorso Alpino e
Speleologico (CNSAS) Alpine Aid and Speleologic National Body
Servizio di Urgenza ed Emergenza Medica (SUEM) Service of Urgency
and Medical Emergency Croce Rossa Italiana (CRI) Italian Red Cross
Europa Unita (EU) Voluntary organisation Confraternita Misericordia
(CM) Voluntary organisation Four storyboards
- Slide 59
- The four storyboards SB1: Assessing an area SB2: Establishing a
medical point SB3: Evacuation of people SB4: Configuration of the
data integration
- Slide 60
- Some Results Metrics Metrics Time span, number of required
assists, correct task outcome, number of errors Evaluation is based
on task execution forms and interviews Evaluation is based on task
execution forms and interviews Trial and real execution Trial and
real execution For interesting conclusions: all mean values dropped
meaning that users accustomed quickly
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Current Modus Operandi vs. WORKPAD Improvements
- Slide 63
- Users Conclusions Active involvement of Protezione Civile both
as institution and as individuals Active involvement of Protezione
Civile both as institution and as individuals Satisfactory project
results Satisfactory project results Impact of the project on
actual procedures and workflows Impact of the project on actual
procedures and workflows Willingness to further exploit project
results in real everyday activity Willingness to further exploit
project results in real everyday activity
- Slide 64
- CONCLUDING
- Slide 65
- Lessons Learned Innovative software solutions -- developed on
top of reliable emergency communication infrastructures -- have the
potential to improve emergency management Innovative software
solutions -- developed on top of reliable emergency communication
infrastructures -- have the potential to improve emergency
management Coordination Integration of data and knowledge
Geo-collaboration Users should be involved in research projects
Users should be involved in research projects UCD approaches
- Slide 66
- Summary and Final Remarks Is a Net-centric approach to disaster
risk management feasible? Yes If yes, what kind of R&D is
needed ? In addition to communication infrastructures, software
systems should be conceived, with disruptive approaches to the
current way of working What features should the Future Internet
have in order to support emergency management effectively ?
Built-in support for mobile devices, high bandwidths also in case
of ad-hoc networks To what extend multi-disciplinary research
should be part of new projects ? Not an option, a must