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Additive Manufacturing / 3D

Printing and Computer Aided Design

Seminar Nasional CAD 2013, UMM, Malang, Indonesia

Yudhi Ariadi, Loughborough Design School, UK

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing

ASTM F2792 - 12a Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Technologies:• additive manufacturing (AM), a process of joining

materials to make objects from 3D model data, usually layer upon layer, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing methodologies. Synonyms: additive fabrication, additive processes, additive techniques, additive layer manufacturing, layer manufacturing, and freeform fabrication.

• 3D printing, the fabrication of objects through the deposition of a material using a print head, nozzle, or another printer technology.

Definition

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing

Online Etymology Dictionary:• 1560s, "something made by hand," from Middle French

manufacture, from Medieval Latin *manufactura (source of Italian manifattura, Spanish manufactura), from Latin manu, ablative of manus "hand" + factura "a working,“

Oxford Dictionaries:• make (something) on a large scale using machinery• make or produce (something abstract) in a merely

mechanical way

MASS PRODUCTION:produce large quantities of (a standardized article) by an automated mechanical process:

Definition: manufacturing

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingManufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding

Mould development process

http://precision.moulds.asia/Molds-Design/

please pay attention on how to get a product from design to manufacture in injection moulding process, then compare it to the AM / 3D Printing process.

please pay attention on how to get a product from design to manufacture in injection moulding process, then compare it to the AM / 3D Printing process.

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingManufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding

Mould design

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9py3eIPUUTo

please pay attention on how to get a product from design to manufacture in injection moulding process, then compare it to the AM / 3D Printing process.

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingManufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding

Mould making

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=seZqq1qxW30

please pay attention on how to get a product from design to manufacture in injection moulding process, then compare it to the AM / 3D Printing process.

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingManufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding

Manufacturing process

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eUthHS3MTdA

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingManufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding

Injection moulding products

http://www.plastic-injectionmoulding.co.uk/injectionmoulding/Household-Parts.jpg

http://www.stylebistro.com/Daily+Dish/articles/hS5x__RWj7b/Wear+These+3D+Printed+Shoes

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingComplex shape products

http://www.textually.org/3DPrinting/2012/12/31/photo1032.jpeg

http://www.3d-printers.com.a

u/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/

quin_night_render.jpg

Can they be manufactured by injection moulding?

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingComplex shape products

http://d3vd8b39huo1pd.cloudfront.net/static/uploads/content/feature/slide/image/Josh-Harker-Feature-JH-Slide-01.jpg

Can they be manufactured by injection moulding?

3D printed bikini

What are these things? 

3D printed bikini

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingHow it works?

Source: Rapid Manufacturing Master Class 2008 – Econolist Ltd

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingHow it works?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mX6G-TluQHE

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingHow it works?

RepRap printers can print out just over half of the parts needed to build a new RepRap machine.

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingAdvantages: Case Study 1

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingAdvantages: Case Study 1

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingAdvantages: Case Study 1

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingAdvantages: Case Study 1

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingAdvantages: Case Study 1

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingAdvantages: Case Study 2

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingAdvantages: Case Study 2

Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D PrintingAdvantages: future development

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TyOgDlUWfFE

What are suitable CADs for AM / 3D Printing?

CAD for AM / 3D PrintingSupport algorithm computational complexity geometry

KX Design

CAD for AM / 3D PrintingSupport algorithm computational complexity geometry

KX Design

CAD for AM / 3D PrintingSupport algorithm computational complexity geometry

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pLd4-T-l2WM

CAD for AM / 3D PrintingSupport algorithm computational complexity geometry

Loughborough Design School

CAD for AM / 3D PrintingEasy to operate for general public (non-technical people)

(Web-based CAD)

https://tinkercad.com/things/aF35hrBVVkl-incredible-jofo-elzing/edit

CAD for AM / 3D PrintingEasy to operate for general public (non-technical people)

(Web-based CAD)

http://www.3dtin.com/

CAD for AM / 3D PrintingEasy to operate for general public (non-technical people)

http://www.shapeways.com/creator/sake-set/

(Web-based CAD)

Trends, surrounding CADProduct - Production

Hand made/manual makingCraft customisation- Home industry- made one-of-a-kind product

Fragmentedproduction

Rapid Manufacturing- Home industry- made one-of-a-kind

Massproduction

Mass production- Variety at low cost

Mass customisation-Flexible manufacturing

Industry

Small Medium Enterpris

e

Home Industry

Family In

dustry

Individual worker

User/Customer

1

2

34

5

6

Production Technology Cycle

Trends, surrounding CADTechnology trend: Everything becomes easier

Text-based

Voice recognition

handwriting

typewriter

Handwriting recogniser

Icon-based

Com

era

puter

Text Generation

Trends, surrounding CADTechnology trend: Everything becomes easier

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qdv7hxQ8uFE

Trends, surrounding CADTechnology trend: Everything becomes easier

DAVID

David, sculpted from 1501 to 1504

Yudhi, manufactured from 13:10 to 16:10

(1:10pm to 4:10pm ;)

3 years

3 hours

GOLIATH

Sculpting

Trends, surrounding CADTechnology trend: Everything becomes easier

Old way Current way

Photography & photoprinting

Trends, surrounding CADHaptic: touching the 3D models

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2gk5GT-kEo

Trends, surrounding CADHaptic: shaping the 3D models

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=leWCb1WGw7M

Future CADAssumption

Modernman makes virtual product directly

from his mindNo sketch, no drawing

Cavemen makes product directly from his mind.No sketch, no drawing

Design sketch

2D drawing on table

DesignTechnology Cycle

2D drawing by CAD

3D modelling by CAD

1

2

3

4 5

7

Haptic Aided

Design

6

The Flying Machine-Leonardo Da Vinci

Haptic Virtual RakeVirtual Sculpting

Virtual Reality aided Design

Future CADPrediction

CONSUMERS

CACODE CAID CAD/CAE CAD/CAM

Production stage – from consumers to end use products

Computer aided development step – from industries to customers

STYLISH DESIGNINGor MODELLING

DESIGN ENGINEERING

MANU-FACTURING PRODUCT

Consumers’ tool Designers’ tool Engineers’ tool Manufacturers’ tool

Computer aidedManufacturing

Computer aidedEngineering

Computer aidedIndustrial Design

Computer aidedConsumer Design

Future CAD?Prediction

Easy

Simple

User- friendly

Non-TechnicalUser

THE KEYWORDS

Virtual sculpting,

Virtual rake

Manufacturing becomes simple

Data becomes shareable/accessible

CAD becomes easy

Product digital data + visualisation become “real”

Mass productionFlexible Manufacturing

Additive Fabrication

Digital photos mp3 Videos 3D data

2D

3D

3D Display

CAVE, HMD, etc..

3D content central, TurboSquidGoogle 3D Warehouse, 3DVIA, etc..

General

Specific CAD

Haptic

Design Template

Sensable, Immersion,

Force Dimension,

Haption, etc..

vrml, 3dxml,

jt, kml, 3

ds,

stl, etc..

dxf, igs, stp,

etc..

Youtube,Google Video,etc..

Napster,Blubster,etc..

MyPhotoAlbum,Ovi, PhotoBox,etc..

Engineering CAD: CAM, CAE

Specific Product CAD:

BikeCAD, FootCAD, DentCAD

Kid’s CAD: LEGO designer

Powerful CAD:

CATIA, NX, Pro/E

SolidWOrks, Inventor, etc..

Easy CAD: SpaceClaim, G/SketchUp pro

Simple CAD: G/SketchUp, 3DVIA shape

Just-In-Timeproduction

Computer Controlled

Manufacturing System3D printer, SLS, SLA, FDM, Fab@home, etc..

THE TRENDS

Ponoko, Xoddo, JuJups,

NIKEid, Sciom

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