Adapted with permission from: Step-Up! A Prosocial Behavior/Bystander Intervention program

created by Becky Bell, University of Arizona, in partnership with the NCAA, University of California - Riverside and the University of Virginia

• Belief that people have pro-social values and want to live by them.

• Respect for all participants and the process of change

Step Up! PhilosophyStep Up! Philosophy

• Help participants recognize reasons why people may not intervene when another is in trouble

• Empower participants to act on their values

• Create a safer environment for everyone

Step Up! Program GoalsStep Up! Program Goals

• 1 ½ - 2 hour program• Teaching Techniques – Audience Response Technology– Video Clips– Small group discussion

• Content– Explain the bystander effect– Review relevant research– Provide strategies for reaching each of the 5 stages– Population and topic –specific scenarios

Step Up! Program ComponentsStep Up! Program Components

• Scenarios, background information and resources are available on the following topics:– Academics– Alcohol and Alcohol Poisoning– Anger– Depression– Discrimination– Disordered Eating– Gambling– Hazing– Relationship Abuse– Sexual Assault

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Step Up! TopicsStep Up! Topics

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AWv1_cr2DoI&feature=player_embedded#!

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Step Up! VideoStep Up! Video

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•Drinking too much •Hazing •Being taken advantage of sexually•Discrimination (racial, sexual orientation, etc.)•Physical endangerment•None of the above

88%Believe in Intervention

People are less likely to offer help when they are in a group than when they are alone

• Kitty Genovese Case: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JozmWS6xYEw&feature=related

• Bystander Experiment: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OSsPfbup0ac&feature=PlayList&p=D781983E

Did anything in the video surprise you?

What do you think you would have

done?

Why do only 20% of people intervene when other bystanders are present?

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RECOGNIZEAwareness Test

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ahg6qcgoay4

Bystanders assume nothing is wrong because no one else looks concerned.

Pluralistic Ignorance

#1 reason students don’t act in hazing situations

Diffusion of Responsibility

Bystanders assume that someone else is better equipped to handle the situation.

REACT

ConformitySolomon Asch research

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qlJqR4GmKw

Ambiguity

Difficulty identifying problems and emergencies.

#1 reason students don’t act in alcohol situations

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http://abcnews.go.com/WhatWouldYouDo/

Difference in Perspective

Trouble seeing from another’s point of view.

Obedience to Authority

Deferring to positions of power.

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Obedience to Perceived AuthorityObedience to Perceived AuthorityThe Milgram Experiment

http://abcnews.go.com/Primetime/Video/playerIndex?id=2769000

Passive to Active: 5 Stages to Intervention

Passive to Active: 5 Stages to Intervention

Latane, B., Darley, J.M. (1970)

1. Notice the Event

2. Interpret the Event as a Problem/Emergency

3. Assume Personal Responsibility

4. Know How to Help

#1 reason students don’t act when someone was being taken advantage of sexually

5. Implement the Help

Reasons Students Reasons Students DidDid Intervene Intervene

• Right thing to do• We should look out for each other• I would want help• Someone needed help• Prevent escalation • Helping makes me feel good• Preserve my group’s reputation• Keep a friend out of trouble

INDIVIDUAL LEADERSHIPSHARED RESPONSIBILTY

S.E.E. the path to helping

• Safe

• Early

• Effective

#1 reason students didn’t act when they witnessed harassment

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Emergency Non- Emergency

Indi

rect

Dire

ct

Remove the person from situationAdminister CPRTake away car keys, drive the person home

Talk to the person about the problemEncourage your friend to report the problem/incident

Call 9-1-1 Distract the people involvedEnlist othersCall a sober friend

Speak to an RA, counselor, dean or other resourceLearn more about the topic

Helping When There Are High Emotions:

• Are you safe?

• Address emotions first, then address conflict

• Help people save face and calm down

Friends helping friends:Friends helping friends:The 5 Point Formula*The 5 Point Formula*

1. I care2. I see3. I feel4. I want5. I will

*Source: The BACCHUS Network’s Certified Peer Educator Training

ScenarioYou are at a party. During the past hour you notice that your friend Chris has been talking to one of your housemates, Sam. They seem to be having a good time but it is clear that Chris has had too much to drink. At one point you overhear Sam say, “I’m just going to get Chris ‘one more.’” A few minutes later you see Sam put an arm around Chris and start to lead Chris upstairs.

• What issues are ambiguous in this scenario?• What is the goal of a bystander intervention in this situation?• What are some direct and indirect ways to help?• How would you feel if you were Chris or Sam? What would you want

others to do for you?

Each one of us CAN make a difference

How to Start?Think about some of the things you would like

to continue or start doing over the next month1. List 1 thing you plan to continue doing to be an

active bystander2. List 1 new thing you plan to start doing in your

own life3. List 1 new thing you want your organization to

start doing

www.StepUpProgram.org

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