Post on 25-Dec-2015
Learning Scale – I can …4 – Differentiate between the various groups on the periodic table.
3 - Describe the various groups on the periodic table.
2 - Use the periodic table to determine the number of protons, neutrons, or electrons.
1 - Identify patterns on the periodic table.
Development of the Periodic TableIn 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev noticed that patterns appeared when he arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass.
In 1913, Henry Moseley rearranged the periodic table according to atomic number.
Organization of the TableHorizontal rows are called periods.
Vertical columns are called groups.
Atomic Mass= # of protons and neutrons
Atomic Number = # of protons (or # of electrons)
Characteristics of MetalsLuster (shiny)Ductility (ability to be pulled into thin wires)
Malleability (ability to be hammered)
ConductorAlmost all are solid at room temperature
Characteristics of NonmetalsMany are gases at room temperature.
Solids are brittleNo luster (dull)Good insulators
Characteristics of MetalloidsProperties of both metals and nonmetals
Semiconductor – conducts electricity at high temperatures, but not at low temperatures.
Families on the Periodic TableElements on the periodic table can be
grouped into families bases on their chemical properties.
Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table.
Elements in each family react differently with other elements.
ALKALI METALSGroup 1Hydrogen is not a member
Soft and silvery metals
Very reactive, esp. with water
Conduct electricity1 Valence electron
Image: http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups2.html
ALKALINE EARTH METALSGroup 2White and malleable
Reactive, but less than Alkali metals
Conduct electricity
2 Valence electrons
Halogens Group 177 Valence electrons
All are non-metals
Very reactive -react with metals to form salt
often bonds with Group 1
Noble Gases Group 18GasesNon-metals8 Valence electrons = Full (except He = 2)
Not reactive with other elements
Rare Earth MetalsLanthanides & Actinides
Some are Radioactive
The rare earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals.
Conduct electricity