Post on 05-Apr-2018
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By
Darwin v Tomy
(713511421001)
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INTRODUCTION Ensure that the appropriate resources will be available
precisely when required. Avoid different activities competing for the same resour
the same time.
Produce a detailed schedule showing which staff carry ou
activity.
Produce a detailed plan against which actual achievementbe measured.
Produce a timed cash flow forecast.
Replan the project during its life to correct drift from
target.
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THE OBJECTIVES OF ACTIVITY
PLANNING
FEASIBILITY ASSESSMENT
RESOURCE ALLOCATION
DETAILED COSTING
MOTIVATION PROVIDING
COORDINATION
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WHEN TO PLAN
Planning is an ongoing process ofrefinement, each iteration becoming
more detailed and more accurate than
the last. Over successive iterations,the emphasis and purpose of planning
will shift.
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PROJECT SCHEDULES
Before work commences on a project orpossibly, a stage of a larger project,
the project plan must be developed to
the level of showing dates when eachactivity should start and finish and
when and how much of each resources
will be required. Once the plan has
been refined to this level of detail wcall it a project schedule
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Creating a project schedulecomprises four main stages.
Ideal activity plan
Activity risk analysis
Resource allocation
Schedule production
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PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES A project is composed of a number of interrelated activiti
A project may start when at least one of its activities is
ready to start.
A project will be completed when all of the activities itencompasses have been completed.
If an activity must have a clearly defined start and a cledefined end-point, normally marked by the production of atangible deliverable.
An activity requires a resource (as most do) then that resrequirement must be forecastable and is assumed to be requat constant level throughout the duration of the activity.
The duration of an activity must be forecastable assuminnormal circumstances, and the reasonable availability ofresources.
Some activities might require that others are completed be
they can begin (these are known as precedence requirements
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IDENTIFYING ACTIVITES
Activity-based approach.
Product-based approach.
Hybrid approach.
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THE ACTIVITY-BASED
APPROACHCreating a list of all the activitiesthat the project is thought to involve.This might involve a brainstorming sessioinvolving the whole team or it might stemfrom an analysis of similar past projectWhen listing activities, Particularly fora large project, it might be helpful tosub-divide the project into the main lifestyle stages and consider each of theseseparately.
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THE ACTIVITY-BASED
APPROACHProject
Analyse Design Build
Datadesign
Processdesign
Physicaldesign
Relationaldata
analysis
Logicaldata
design
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THE PRODUCT-BASED APPROAC
It consists of producing a ProductBreakdown Structure and a flow diagram.The PFD indicates, for each product, whiother products are required as inputs. ThPFD can therefore be easily transformed
into an ordered list of activities byidentifying the transformations that turnsome products into others .Proponents ofthis approach claim that it is less likelthat a product will be left out of a PBSthan that an activity might be omittedfrom an unstructured activity list.
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THE PRODUCT-BASED APPROACRequirementsSpecification
Data catalogueRequirements
catalogue
Processingspecification
Attribute/ data
itemdescriptions
Grouped domaindescriptions
User role/function matrix
Functiondefinitions
Required systemlogical data
model
Entity lifehistories
Effectcorrespondence
diagrams
I/O structuresEnquiry access
paths
Elementaryprocess
descriptions
Logical datastructure
Entitydescriptions
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THE HYBRID APPROACH
Level 1 : Project Level 2 : Deliverables such as software,
manuals and training courses.
Level 3 : Components which are the key woritems needed to produce deliverables, suchas the modules and tests required to produthe system software .
Level 4 : Work-packages which are major woitems, or collections of related tasks,required to produce a component.
Level 5 : Tasks which are tasks that will
normally be the responsibility of a singleperson.
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THE HYBRID APPROACH
Installed SystemSoftware
ComponentsUser manuals Training course
Project
Analyserequirements
Reviewrequirements
Analyserequirements
Analyserequirements
Outline design Outline design Design manual Design course
Detailed designDetailed design Write test
Write manual
Integratesystem
Code software Capture screens Print handouts
Test system Test software Do page layout Deliver course
Deliver system Print manuals
User testing
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