Acoustic tagging studies – beyond presence/absence

Kevin Kumagai, Sam Johnston, and Colleen SullivanHydroacoustic Technology, Inc.

47th Annual Conference of the California-Nevada Chapter AFSApril 4th - April 6th, 2013

Davis Veterans Memorial Center

Overview

• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish populations. For example, presence/absence.

• If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of precision, these detections can assess fish behavior.

• Example behaviors include:• Moving towards and away• Holding• Defecation• Downstream migration• Fish passage• Searching• Predator avoidance

Acoustic tags = information

• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish populations. For example, presence/absence.

Single hydrophone deployments

• Can provide presence/absence

Hydrophone 1

Upstream

Barrier

Downstream

Hydrophone 12

Detection histories

• Are chronology of time-stamped tag detections

Fish survival and fish passage

• Can measured from the these detection histories

Uniform spacing, high precision: fish behavior

• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish populations.

• If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of precision, these detections can assess fish behavior.

Tag ID encoded in unique period

(adapted from Ehrenberg and Steig, 2009)

Acoustically tagged fish movement animation

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Single hydrophone example behaviors

• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish populations.

• If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of precision, these detections can assess fish behavior.

• Behaviors in this example include:• Moving toward and away• Holding• Defecation

Single upstream hydrophone example moving toward and away

Single downstream hydrophone example moving toward and away

Moving toward and away

Single hydrophone example behaviors

• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish populations.

• If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of precision, these detections can assess fish behavior.

• Behaviors in this example include:• Moving toward and away• Holding• Defecation

Single hydrophone example holding behavior

Time duration 1 hour

Defecation

• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish populations.

• If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of precision, these detections can assess fish behavior.

• Behaviors in this example include:• Moving toward and away• Holding• Defecation

Defecation

Time duration 1 hour

Hydrophone

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Basic Tracking

Flow

Nearest Green Hydrophone

Nearest Maroon Hydrophone

Nearest Orange Hydrophone

Nearest Turquoise Hydrophone

Nearest Yellow Hydrophone

Nearest Blue Hydrophone

Hydrophone Detections: Summary

2D tracks example behaviors

• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish populations.

• If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of precision, these detections can assess fish behavior.

• Behaviors in this example include:• Holding• Downstream migration• Searching• Fish passage• Predator avoidance

Multiple hydrophone deployment

Downstream

Upstream

Barrier

Time Slider

Steelhead 2D positions(green)

Striped bass 2D positions(red)

Sun and moon gadget

Holding, 23:03-23:04

Tagged striped bass (red spheres) holding between blue and yellow hydrophones. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Holding, 23:04-23:05

Tagged striped bass continues holding. Steelhead tag (light green spheres) approaching array below pink and green hydrophones. Data

courtesy of CDWR.

Downstream migration, 23:05-23:06

Steelhead tag continues moving downstream through upstream array. Striped bass continues to hold. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Downstream migration, 23:06-23:07

Steelhead tag approaching barrier while striped bass continues to hold. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Searching, 23:07-23:08

Steelhead tag begins searching along barrier. Striped bass continues to hold. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Searching, 23:08-23:09

Steelhead tag continues searching along barrier. Striped bass continues to hold. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Searching, 23:09-23:10

Steelhead tag continues searching along barrier. Striped bass continues to hold. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Searching, 23:10-23:11

Steelhead tag continues searching along barrier. Striped bass continues to hold. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Fish passage, 23:11-23:12

Steelhead tag passes barrier via culvert. Striped bass continues to hold. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Fish passage, 23:12-23:13

Steelhead tag continues past barrier. Striped bass continues to hold. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Fish passage, 23:13-23:14

Steelhead tag continues past barrier. Striped bass begins to move. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Predator avoidance, 23:14-23:15

As steelhead tag passes over striped bass, steelhead tag appears to avoid bass moving counter-clockiwse. Striped bass also moves

downstream. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Predator avoidance, 23:15-23:16

Steelhead tag continues circling counter-clockwise as striped bass moves slightly downstream. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Predator avoidance, 23:16-23:17

Steelhead tag continues circling counter-clockwise as striped bass moves slightly downstream. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Predator avoidance, 23:17-23:18

Steelhead tag continues circling counter-clockwise as striped bass moves slightly downstream. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Predator avoidance, 23:18-23:19

Steelhead tag continues circling counter-clockwise as striped bass moves slightly downstream. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Predator avoidance, 23:19-23:20

Steelhead tag appears to avoid striped bass again as passes by. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Predator avoidance, 23:20-23:21

Both tags moving downstream. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Predator avoidance, 23:21-23:22

Steelhead tag leaves downstream. Striped bass holding further downstream. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Summary 2D tracks

2010 Animation

Eonfusion screen capture showing concurrent tag tracks, hydrophone positions, tidal, velocity, flow, flap gate operation, sun and moon phase within a geo-referenced image of the ORT area. Data courtesy of CDWR.

2011 Animation

Eonfusion screen capture showing concurrent tag tracks, hydrophone positions, river stage height, sun and moon phase within a geo-

referenced image of the ORT area. Data courtesy of CDWR.

Summary

• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish populations. For example, presence/absence.

• If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of precision, these detections can assess fish behavior.

• Example behaviors include:• Moving towards and away• Holding• Defecation• Downstream migration• Fish passage• Searching• Predator avoidance

References

• Ehrenberg, J. E., and Steig, T. W. 2009. A study of the relationship between tag-signal characteristics and achievable performances in acoustic fish-tag studies. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1278–1283.

• Kumagai, K.K., S.V. Johnston, C. Sullivan, and P.A. Nealson. 2010. Two-dimensional fish tracking study in the Old River at Tracy barrier in 2010. Report to California Department of Water Resources, Sacramento, Calif., by Hydroacoustic Technology, Inc., Seattle, Wash.

• Tunnicliffe, C., K.K. Kumagai, and S.V. Johnston. 2011. Two-dimensional fish tracking study in the Old River at Tracy barrier in 2011. Report to California Department of Water Resources, Sacramento, Calif., by Hydroacoustic Technology, Inc., Seattle, Wash.

Acknowledgments

• California Department of Water Resources (CDWR)

Questions?

Kevin Kumagai, Sam Johnston, and Colleen SullivanHydroacoustic Technology, Inc.

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