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George CainesSophie Pain

Katie Laverick

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` D efinition of Acculturation

` Factors affecting Acculturation

`

Methods of measuring Acculturation` Review of research

` Identify future directions for study

` Conclusion

` Quiz!

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http://youtu.be/Vc9_lFbqrbE

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1) Maintenance of original cultural identity

2) Adjustment of relations to target population

B erry (1994, 1997)

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` Schumann studied human development

` D escribed acculturation through social distance

` D eveloped in 1986

` Highlights 7 factors affecting acculturation

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` D ominance- Language of the target group` Enclosure- degree of community among the

learner group`

Cohesiveness- degree of socialisation among thelearner group` Size- how large the learner group is` Congruence- the similarities between the target

and learner groups` Attitude- how the groups view one another ` Intended length of residence

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` Socio-economic statusEducation and Employment

`

Language use and preference

` Ethnicity of friends

` Psychological differencesCognitive style, personality, identity, acculturative stress

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` Education- a school environment encompassesphysical activity

` Greater fluency in target language enables the

learner group to integrate more into sports andleisure clubs` Greater intended length of residence may drive

the learner group to adopt the physical activity

routines of the target group` Greater diversity among friends may increase

opportunity to take part in LPA

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Assessment of integration into target society

` Age of immigration - Older indicating reducedintegration

` Fluency of English - Less fluent indicating reducedintegration

` Languages spoken with friends and family - LessEnglish reduced integration

` Ancestry of friends - Less American friendsindicating reduced integration

Bal c aza r et al ., (1995)

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Assessing adherence to traditional values andattitudes- Example questions

` ³D uty to one family comes before personal

desires´` ³ Arab Americans should not disagree among

themselves of there are Caucasians around´` ³ Marrying within the Arab American community is

good´` Responses of each question ranged from 1 (lowacculturation ) to 4 (high acculturation ).

J ab er et al ., (2003 )

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` Leisure time physical activity increased from22.6% to 47%

` Prevalence of walking or bicycle errandsdecreased from 25.2% to 18.2%

` Prevalence of standing or walking during the daydecreased from 82.8% to 65.6%

B errig a n et al ., (2006)

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` Acculturation is linked to a greater likelihood of 3unhealthy behaviours:

1. High alcohol intake2. Current smoking

3. High BMI

` However, it is also linked to greater likelihood of recent exercise

Ab r a ido-L a nza et al ., (2005)

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C ross Sectional Longitudinal (10 years)G ha dd a r et al ., 2010 G ordon-L a rsen et al ., 2003

Findings D espite having the knowledgeof healthy behaviours, they stillincreased in weight.

Rapid acculturation of overweight related behaviourssuch as diet, smoking andinactivity.

Limitations Captures only one moment intime.

All participants had low levelsof acculturation- wider variety

needed.No allowance for inferringcausality (correlations ).

Not all of the data wasstatistically significant.Subjective nature of datacollection.

Small sample led to omissionof later generations

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` Standardised measurement of acculturationo More reliable results and ease of comparison.

`

More longitudinal research over longer timeperiods through generations.

` No widely accepted underlying theories.

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W hich of these is not a measurement of acculturation?

A) Age of immigration

B) Place of birth

C) Ancestry of friends

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W hich of these is not a measurement of acculturation?

A) Age of immigration

B) Place of birth

C) Ancestry of friends

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W hich of these is not one of Schumann¶s 7 factors?

A) Geographical location of residence

B) Intended length of stay

C) Size of learner group

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W hich of these is not one of Schumann¶s 7 factors?

A) Geographical location of residence

B) Intended length of stay

C) Size of learner group

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W hat community did R ode & Sheph a rd (1994)study?

A) Hispanic

B) Inuit

C) Latino

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W hat community did R ode & Sheph a rd (1994)study?

A) Hispanic

B) Inuit

C) Latino

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In B errig a n D et al ., (2006) , what decreased to65.6%?

A) Leisure time physical activity

B) Prevelance of walking or bicycle errands

C) Prevelance of standing to walking

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In B errig a n D et al ., (2006) , what decreased to65.6%?

A) Leisure time physical activity

B) Prevelance of walking or bicycle errands

C) Prevelance of standing to walking

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W hat was the cleaner carrying when he walked onstage in the BG T video?

A) A Mop

B) A Broom

C) A Hoover

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W hat was the cleaner carrying when he walked onstage in the BG T video?

A) A Mop

B) A Broom

C) A Hoover

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` Acculturation has two main dimensions` Language is the main factor preventing

acculturation

` Acculturation tends to increase structured exercisebut decrease LPA, and causes an increase inother unhealthy behaviours.

` Current studies are conflicting` Further research is needed