A New Nation

I. Economics• Alexander Hamilton convinced Congress to

create a nat’l bank -opponents argued that it was not Enumerated

Pwrs. -Art. 1 Sec. 8= Necessary & Proper Clause -Implied Pwrs.A. Whiskey Rebellion = gov’t put a tax on a

whiskey -angered western farmers b/c they used it

to barter -1794= Penn. farmers began rebellion -15,000 troops sent = farmers dispersed

w/out a fight

II. Political Parties• Debate over Hamilton’s financial programs split

Congress into factions

1) Federalists- Hamilton’s supporters

2) Democratic-Republicans- opponents led by Jefferson and Madison

Federalists Dem.-Rep.

National gov’t supreme State gov’t supreme

Ruling pwr given to wealthy, educated

Ruling pwr given to all landowners

Gov’t should promote manufacturing

Gov’t should promote agriculture

Loose interpretation of the Constitution

Strict Interpretation

Protective Tariffs protect domestic industries

Protective tariffs burden farmers

III. Politics

• 1789- French Rev. began

-Rev. seized control and began war w/ G.B.

-US treaty w/ France required US to help w/ attacks on colonies in the Carribbean

-G.W. was afraid of war w/ G.B.

-it would hurt trade and unaffordable

A. Jays Treaty

• prevented war & saved fragile economy -angered Dem. Rep.

B. Pickney’s Treaty = treaty w/ Spain -granted U.S right to navigate Miss.

C. Washington Leaves Office = @ end of his 2nd term

-farewell address cautioned Americans against dividing country between North & South

D. Quasi War = w/ France

1) XYZ Affair= French attempted to bribe Americans before talks

2) U.S. suspended trade & began capturing French ships

3) Convention of 1800 = ended conflict & released U.S. from Treaty of 1778

E. War Between Parties =

Alien & Sedition Acts- 4 laws

-must wait 14 yrs. to be citizen, deport w/out trial and alien dangerous to U.S.

-federal crime to utter anything “false, scandalous, & malicious” against the fed. gov’t

F. Virginia Resolution = argued against A&S acts

-interposition= state can interpose between the fed. gov’t & people to stop illegal action

G. Kentucky Resolution = Nullification-states declare that a law is unconstitutional & nullify it

IV. Westward Expansion

A) Louisiana Purchase= April 30, 1803

-bought from France for 11.25 million

-more than doubled size of U.S.

B) Lewis & Clark Expedition= sent to explore L.P.

-Sacagawea= served as a guide

V. War of 1812A) Impressment- British seize U.S. ships & force sailors

to work on British ships

B) June 1807-Leopard fires on Chesapeake

-3 Americans die- U.S. is outraged

C) Embargo Act of 1807= U.S. response to incident

-halted all trade between U.S. & Europe

D) War Hawks= Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun

-called for U.S. to go to war

E) Tippecanoe= fight between N.A. & citizens in Indiana

-shattered N.A. confidence

F) War Ends 1814