A LOGICAL MODEL OF DIGITAL ARCHIVESRATHACHAI CHAWUTHAI

Midway

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Agenda

Introduction User scenario Approach Information model Prototype Progress

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Introduction

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Background• Physical Level– Bit preservation

• Ability to produce a particular sequence of bits from storage device at any time.

– Data preservation• Ability to render the bit stream and produce a meaningful output

from it at any time.

• Logical Level– Information preservation• Ability to interpret some concepts displayed the

rendered digital object at any time originally.

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Challenge

Lacking of common knowledge

Difficult to construct UCK depended on

different time and communities

Difficult to link relevant concepts

across UCK

Goal: Interpretation a concept in digital archive

Model contextual knowledge

evolution as event of change.

Model a change of concept

together with linked data

Introduce Common UCK

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Objectives• To develop a theory for digital archive at a

logical level.• To design an information model representing

contextual knowledge.• To develop a prototype system in order to

proof the theory.

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User scenario(Consumer interprets a concept)

Digital Archive

Title : Bioenergetics of the Snowy OwlAuthor: James A. GessamanCreated date: 1992

Format: pdfSoftware:

Full path: http://www.jstor.org/pss/1550225

Adobe Reader 10

Description information:

Terms:

ex:Nyctea_scandiacus ex:utha_univ 1992

Concept Community Date

Digital resource

Page

1

Page

2Click a concept, then go to a page scribing that

concept. 8

Digital Archive

Context:

ex:Nyctea_scandiacus

Concept

Propertyex:Nyctea_scandiacus

ex:utha_univ

1992

Subject Object

cka:higherClass ex:Nyctea

ex:Nyctea_scandiacus skos:prefLabel “Nyctea scandicus”

Concept evolution:Concept

ex:Nyctea_scandiacus ex:Bubo_scandiacus

Concept

Communtiy

Date

cka:replaceTo

Relevance digital objects

Title Author DateFOOD-ECOLOGY OF THE SNOWY OWL Adam Watson 2008

Diet of the Snowy Owl PL Williams 1979

Concept

Present status

Expired

Entered

Expired

1758

1999

Page

2

Page

3Click the icon to view

evolution detail of that concepts

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Digital Archive

Description:

ex:Nyctea_scandiacus

Detail:

Evolution detail

ex:Bubo_scandiacus

cka:ConceptReplacementEvolution typeOld conceptNew concept

Caused by:

ex:Nyctea, ex:Buboex:Bubo

cka:ConceptMergerEvolution typeOld conceptNew concept

-

ex:chale

1999Begin dateEnd date

ReporterPerformer

Source

Shared by ex:yale_uni

ex:wink

http://www.digitalarchive.org/doc/2342896

Page

3

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Approach

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Contextual Knowledge Evolution

• Soviet union was split to 14 countries in1991.• “Burma” was changed to “Myanmar” in 1989.• Petsamo was annexed from Russia to Finland in 1920.• Petsamo was annexed from Finland to USSR in 1944.• Bill Clinton was the US president during 1993-2001.• George W Bush was the US president during 2001-2009.• Pluto changed from a planet to dwarf planet in 2006.• Solar system has 8 planets after 2006.• Interpretation of the 1st floor between US and UK.

Examples of some change of contextual knowledge:

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Concept Evolution• Merger– Genus Nyctea was merged to Bubo.

• Splitter– Soviet Union was split to 14 countries.

• Replacement– Species Nyctea scandiacus was replaced by

Bubo candiacus.

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Relation Evolution• Attribution– Accenture co. changed headquarter to Ireland.

• Classification– Pluto was reclassified to dwarf planet.

• Part-whole– Petsamo was a part of Finland.

• Membership– Pluto was a member of Solar system planet.

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UCCK

• Records public contextual knowledge which every UCK refers to.– E.g. The earth is a planet.

• Records changes of contextual knowledge.– E.g. Pluto was reclassified to a dwarf planet.

• Establishes some links to some related concepts across UCK.– E.g. The first floor in UK is the second floor in US.

Underlying Common Community Knowledge

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Information Model

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Community knowledge

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Concept Evolution

• E.g.– :ConceptReplacement rdf:type :ConceptEvolution .– :ConceptMerger rdf:type :ConceptEvolution.– :ConceptSplitter rdf:type :ConceptEvolution .

skos:Concept:oldConcept

:newConcept:ConceptEvolution

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Concept Evolution

ex:mg1 rdf:type cka:ConceptMerger ;cka:oldConcept ex:Nyctea ;cka:oldConcept ex:Bubo ;cka:newConcept ex:Bubo .

Example implementation

Run a rule and imply for supporting linked data

ex:Nyctea cka:mergeTo ex:bubo .

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Relation Evolution

• :ClassAddition rdf:type :RelationEvolution .• :Reclassification rdf:type

:RelationEvolution .• :PartAddition rdf:type :RelationEvolution .• :ColorChange rdf:type :RelationEvolution .

:RelationEvolution skos:Concept

:subject

:oldObject

rdf:Property:relation

:newObject

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Relation Evolution

ex:rc1 rdf:type cka:Reclassification;cka:child ex:sp1 ;cka:oldParent ex:Nyctea ;cka:newParent ex:Bubo .

Class declaration

Example implementation

cka:Reclassificationrdfs:subClassOf cka:RelationEvolution ;cka:relation cka:higherClass .

After run a rule the present statement will be:

ex:sp1 cka:higherClass ex:bubo .

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Construct state of contextual knowledge

Use SPARQL to query some knowledge evolutions entities from the UCK and UCCK

with conditionsinput concept, input time, and input community.

Use Jena rules to construct triple statements from selected knowledge evolutions.

Use programming to filter some conflict triple statements from selected knowledge evolutions.

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Construct state of contextual knowledgeFor example

ex:ch1

cka:child

cka:ClassAddtion

ex:Bubo_scandiacus

ex:Bubocka:newParent

rdf:type

cka:higherClass

cka:relation

ex:Bubo_scandiacus

ex:Bubo

cka:higherClass(≡ cka:subject)

(≡ cka:newObject)

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Establish link of concept

UCCK

Time

Community A Community B

Bubo Nyctea

Bubo

Bubo Scandiacus

Nyctea Scandiacus

replaceTo

mergeTo

Nyctea Scandiacus

Bubo Scandiacus

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Prototype

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Digital Archive

Contextual Knowledge

Service

Digital Repository

Contextual knowledge

Administration

Store contextual knowledge

Query contextual knowledge

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Interoperability

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Contextual Knowledge Administration

Contextual knowledge Administration

Application layer

PHP web application

EasyRDF API

Contextual Knowledge

ServiceNetwork

Apache web server

Page

1Assert some contextual knowledge evolution by1) Choose a proper type2) Give information

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Page

2Link some contextual knowledge evolution by1) Select the id from dropdown list for

related contextual knowledge evolution

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Page

3Give metadata for the set of contextual knowledge evolutions1) Give metadata value2) Click button “Finish”

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Digital Repository

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Contextual Knowledge Service

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Progress

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Progress

Contextual Knowledge Administration

Digital Repository

Contextual Knowledge Service

Approach “a logical modelof digital archive”

Information model

Application profileof digital archive

90%

70%

20%

90%

80%

50%

Documentation 40%

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Any idea for improvement?