Post on 17-Dec-2015
9
Elections
Focus on Grammar 3Part VII, Unit 27By Ruth Luman, Gabriele Steiner, and BJ WellsCopyright © 2006. Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Gerunds: Subject and Object
Let’s discuss improving our schools.
I will keep fighting for a new hospital.
Running for Office 1
Voting is an important responsibility.
Running for Office 2
Choosing a candidate takes time.
I enjoy working for the people. Do you resent
paying higher taxes?
Form
work
improve
-ing
-ing
=
=
working
improving
verbverb nounnoun-ing-ing
pay -ing = paying
+
+
+
=+
A gerund is the base form of a verb + -ing.Gerunds can be used as nouns.
is an important responsibility.
a candidate takes time.
Voting
Choosing
singular subject
Gerunds as Subjects
A gerund can be the subject of a sentence. It is always singular. Use a third-person singular verb after a gerund.
Don’t confuse gerunds with thepresent progressive verb form.
Be Careful!
Voting is an important responsibility.
I am voting today.
present progressive
gerund
subject
verb
Windsurfing
Complete the sentences with gerunds.
Example: __________ is very exciting.
Practice 1
__________ makes me laugh.
Windsurfing
Complete the sentences with gerunds.
Example: __________ is very exciting.
Practice 1
__________ gives me a headache.
Windsurfing
Complete the sentences with gerunds.
Example: __________ is very exciting.
Practice 1
__________ isn’t polite.
Windsurfing
Complete the sentences with gerunds.
Example: __________ is very exciting.
Practice 1
__________ is popular in my country.
Windsurfing
Complete the sentences with gerunds.
Example: __________ is very exciting.
Practice 1
__________ destroys the environment.
Windsurfing
Complete the sentences with gerunds.
Example: __________ is very exciting.
Practice 1
Not __________ can be dangerous.
Write down the gerund!Practice 1
Even though I’m afraid of the dark, spelunking can be exciting.
Write down the gerund!Practice 1
Racing is such a rush; it is soothing to me.
Write down the gerund!Practice 1
Puking is absolutely disgusting, and it is revolting to experience.
Write down the gerund!Practice 1
My favorite activities are biking, reading, and writing.
Write down the gerund!Practice 1
My favorite activities are biking, reading, and writing.
Write down the gerund!Practice 1
When we go snooping through my sister’s diary, we find out all sorts of juicy gossip, dripping with scandal.
Write down the gerund!Practice 1
Going hunting makes me cringe; killing critters is too difficult for me.
Write down the gerund!Practice 1
Sky-diving seems terrifying, and it is nauseating to think about.
Write down the gerund!Practice 1
If you thought potato mashing was difficult, potato peeling will drive you insane.
Write down the gerund!Practice 1
After we go snorkeling, I always want to live on the beach.
Gerunds as Objects
I suggest improving our schools.
I enjoy working for the people.
suggest
enjoy
verb object
verb object
A gerund can be the object of certain verbs.
watching birds
Complete the dialogues with gerund phrases.Practice 2
1. A: I need a ride to the airport.
B: I don’t mind ____________.
2. A: Dad, can I go outside and play?
B: Have you finished ____________.
3. A: Why did Javier look so sad today?
B: I think he really misses _____________.
Example:
A: Why do Christophe and Hiro go hiking so often?
B: They both enjoy ____________.
Gerunds with Go
Ali went jogging with his dog.
Our family goes bowling every Saturday.
We often use go + gerund to describe activities.
1. 2.
Ask a partner how often he or she does these activities.Practice 3
How often do you go dancing?
How often do you go dancing? I go dancing
every night.
I go dancing every night.
Ask a partner how often he or she does these activities.Practice 4
3.
4.
5.
References
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education and its licensors. All rights reserved.