Post on 24-Dec-2015
Instructions for Grammar Lessons
• Every time we have a grammar lesson you are expected to take notes.
• Since you will not be able to take the textbook home, your notes will help you with completing your homework and with studying for tests.
• You need to write down the vocabulary and any notes on the powerpoint.
• I may also write notes on the board which you will need to write down too.
Grammar Lesson 1
• Vocab:
• Direct democracy: the people govern themselves
• Indirect democracy: the citizens do not directly handle the affairs of the government
Four Types of Sentences/Simple Subjects and Simple Predicates
• A sentence: a group of words that expresses a complete thought
• Four types:
• Declarative: makes a statement and ends with a period
• Interrogative: asks a question and ends with a question mark
• Imperative: expresses a command or a request and ends with a period, or an !
• Exclamatory: shows excitement or strong feeling and ends with a !
Simple subject/simple predicate
• A sentence has two main parts, the subject and the predicate
• The subject: the part that tells who or what the sentence is about
• The predicate: the part that tells something about the subject
• The complete subject or predicate may consist of a single word or of many words.
• A subject or predicate consisting of many words always has an essential part that we call the simple subject or simple predicate
Simple Subject
• The main word or words in a sentence that tell who or what is doing or being something, or who or what the sentence is about
• In an imperative sentence, the subject “you” is understood
Simple Predicate
• The verb
• A verb expresses action or being
• Sometimes the simple predicate contains more than one word, this is called the verb phrase
• Sometimes the order of the subject and predicate is reversed
• In interrogative sentences, we usually find parts of the predicate split by the subject
Grammar Lesson 2
• Vocab:
• Advert: means to call attention to something
• Avert: means to turn away
Complete Sentences, Sentence Fragments, and Run-on Sentences
• Complete sentence: expresses a complete thought, has both a subject and predicate
• Sentence fragments: a piece of a sentence that lacks a subject or a verb or both
• Run-on sentences: two complete thoughts, written or spoken as one sentence without proper punctuation or connecting words
Grammar Lesson 3
• Vocab:
• The Latin word bell- means war
• Bellicose means warlike, aggressive, and quarrelsome
• Antebellum refers to times before a war, especially the American Civil War
Action Verbs/ Diagramming the Simple Subject and Simple Predicate
• Action verb: describes what the subject does, did, or will do
• A sentence can contain more than one action verb
• We can make our writing more vivid and accurate by using descriptive and precise action verbs
• Diagramming: see notes on board